Hormone replacement therapy

TL;DR: The knowledge and tools exist to put the health system on the right course to achieve continuous improvement and better quality care at a lower cost, and a better use of data is a critical element of a continuously improving health system.

TL;DR: Assessment of effects of long-term HT on mortality, cardiovascular outcomes, cancer, gallbladder disease, fracture and cognition in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women during and after cessation of treatment found use of combined continuous HT significantly increased the risk of venous thromboembolism.

TL;DR: Bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy is associated with a reduced breast cancer risk in women who carry a BRCA1 mutation, and the likely mechanism is reduction of ovarian hormone exposure.

TL;DR: High quality evidence is found that hormone therapy in both primary and secondary prevention conferred no protective effects for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, angina, or revascularisation; the findings are dominated by the three largest trials.

TL;DR: Evidence of a covariation between circulating levels of estrogen and testosterone and certain affects in healthy women is provided, including depression scores of all oophorectomized women.

TL;DR: Exercising women' moods were significantly more positive than sedentary women's moods, regardless of menopausal state, and aerobic exercise may assist in the alleviation of some menopausal symptoms.

TL;DR: Lay women's voices are brought to the debate about the use and promotion of HRT to test the limits of the theory of medicalisation and to inform doctors of the issues women may bring to a consultation about HRT.

TL;DR: It is critical to understand the interrelationship of hot flushes and other neuropsychological symptoms of the menopause transition so that treatment priorities can be established and the choice between using hormonal and nonhormonal therapies for management of menopausal symptoms will continue to evolve.