TL;DR: In this article, a self-consistent computation of the structure of the dust subdisk in the protoplanetary nebula is presented, which is based on a competition between sedimentation processes due to gravity and diffusion due to turbulence.

TL;DR: A new photochemical model of Titan's atmosphere which includes all the important compounds and reactions in spherical geometry from the surface to 1240 km is developed and is in a closer agreement with the abundances inferred from the Voyager infrared measurements at the equator than the Yung et al. results.

TL;DR: The spectral characterization of small asteroids is important for understanding the evolution of their compositional and mineralogical properties as mentioned in this paper, and the Small Main-belt Asteroid Spectroscopic Survey (SMASS) is a survey of 316 asteroids with wavelength coverage ranging from 4000 to 10000 A (0.4 to 1 micrometers).

TL;DR: A sample of over 12,487 asteroid proper element triplets, computed by A. Milani and Z. Kneževic (1994, Icarus 107, 219-254), has been searched for statistically significant and robust families by both the hierarchical clustering (HCM) and the wavelet analysis (WAM) automated techniques as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the dynamical behavior of collisional ring systems via a local simulation which includes mutual gravitational forces between particles is studied via direct force calculations involving up to a few thousand identical particles with parameter values appropriate to Saturn's rings.

TL;DR: In this paper, the intensity and polarization of light scattered by a variety of types of artificial partices large compared to the wavelength were measured as a function of phase angle, and the phase functions of almost all of the particles measured have both forward and backward scattering lobes.

TL;DR: In this article, the spatial distribution of different types of rampart craters on Mars suggests a hemispheric asymmetry in the distribution of ground ice, especially major topographic depressions near the terminations of outflow channels.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed that the bright radar spots seen at Mercury's north and south poles are a result of volume scattering from elemental sulfur, and showed that the high average index of refraction for surface materials and notable microwave transparency of the Mercurian regolith can be explained by the presence of iron sulfides (troilite, pyrrhotite, and low-iron sulfides) and daubreelite and sphalerite.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the resonant structure of the Kuiper belt and find that the inner order-one mean motion resonances with Neptune are very stable and give phase protection from close encounters with Neptune.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used three-body capture criteria, motivated by the work of Ohtsuki (1993 Icarus 106, 228-246), to account for the effects of strong tidal forces on accretion and showed that this constraint greatly limits the degree of accretional growth and prevents runaway accretion near the Roche limit.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the orbital evolution of two protoplanets embedded in a swarm of planetesimals and found that the orbital separation between two objects on circular orbits cannot be smaller than 5rH, where rH is the Hill radius of the two objects.

TL;DR: In this paper, an analytical model of bottom frictional dissipation as a consequence of tidal currents in a global ocean is presented and is shown to compare well with a numerical model for both the radial and libration components of the ocean tide.

TL;DR: In this article, impact experiments on water ice were performed in order to test the scaling laws previously constructed on rocks and sands for studying the collision process in the planetary history, which indicated the necessity for large modification of those scaling laws.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the formation of structures in the B-ring of Saturn's B-Ring under the common action of self-gravitation, inelastic collisions and rotation.

TL;DR: The evidence for localized impact heating comes from the high proportion of relict type-6 material among impact-melt-bearing ordinary chondrites (OC), which was probably metamorphosed by residual heat within large craters as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Moreels et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the contribution of the v2, v3, and v9 CH-stretching bands of methanol to the 3.2 to 3.6-μm emission feature observed in seven comets at a range of heliocentric distances and analyzed the residual emission spectra.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify a major graben between the two principal outer ridges in southern Latona Corona is evidence of back-arc extension in the corona; the amount of extension is estimated to be more than 2-11 km.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors observed the J (2-1) and (1-0) lines of CO in Comet P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 with high spectral resolution at four different epochs.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the lightning spectrum contains a line in the wing of the "control" filter bandpass, which can be used to detect six potential lightning flashes at a wavelength near 777.4 nm.

TL;DR: Analysis of smectites enhanced in the laboratory with additional ferric species exhibit important similarities to those of the soils on Mars, and chemical formation conditions of the ferrihydrite-bearing and ferric sulfate-bearing montmorillonites influence the character of the low temperature Mössbauer sextets and the visible reflectance spectra.

TL;DR: The Saturnian satellite Iapetus presents one of the most unusual appearances of any object in the solar system as discussed by the authors, and it is the only known object that can be seen from Earth.

TL;DR: Visible and near-infrared reflectance spectra (0.4-1.0 μm) of 21 Vesta-like asteroids and 12 HED meteorite powders (

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the overall orbital evolution of bodies resembling that of P/Encke by numerical integration and found a purely gravitational dynamical path connecting the orbit of Encke to the orbits of the rest of the Jupiter family of comets on a timescale of several times 105 years.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new analytic solution for the limit of weak solar radiation pressure force acting on dust particles around a spherical body in an eccentric orbit (e.g., comet) is presented.

TL;DR: The Apollo asteroid 4179 Toutatis passed within 0.0242 AU of Earth in December 1992, and photometry was obtained by observers from at least 25 sites around the world, at solar phase angles between 121° and 0.2°.

TL;DR: In this paper, the basic state that corresponds to neutral stability with respect to Arnol'd's second stability criterion was identified, motivated by the results of a vortex tube stretching analysis of the Voyager wind data and by fixing the stratification parameter using the c = 454 ± 20 msec-1 gravity wave speed determined from the Shoemaker-Levy 9 impacts.

TL;DR: In this paper, the vapor flux of the icy components in the surface layer of a porous, short-period, Jupiter-class comet was calculated in order to investigate the relationship of the observed relative molecular abundances in the coma with those in the nucleus.

TL;DR: The radiative budget of Titan's stratosphere is investigated, using two selections of Voyager IRIS spectra recorded at symmetric northern and southern latitudes, to find that the latitudinal variation in gas and haze composition may be sufficient to explain the entire temperature asymmetry observed.