/pdf/a-review-of-inorganic-corrosion-inhibitors-types-mechanisms-197ds991.pdf

A Review of Inorganic Corrosion Inhibitors: Types, Mechanisms, and Applications

Pharmaceutical pollutants, such as gastrointestinal drugs, pose a significant environmental concern due to their widespread use and potential adverse effects on ecosystems. Insights obtained from computational simulations yielded a more...

pH-Sensitive Adsorption of Gastrointestinal Drugs (Famotidine and Pantoprazole) as pharmaceutical pollutants by Au-Doped@ZIF-90-Glycerol Adsorbent: Insights from Computational Modeling

As new networking paradigms emerge for different networking applications, e.g., cyber‐physical systems, and different services are handled under a converged data link technology, e.g., Ethernet, certain applicationswithmission critical traf ic cannot coexist on the same physical networking infrastructure using traditional Ethernet packet‐switched networking protocols. The IEEE 802.1Q Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) Task Group is developing protocol standards to provide de‐ terministic properties, i.e., eliminates non‐deterministic delays, on Ethernet based packet‐switched networks. In particular, the IEEE 802.1Qcc, centralized management and control, and the IEEE 802.1Qbv, Time‐Aware Shaper (TAS), can be used to manage and control Scheduled Traf ic (ST) streams with periodic properties along with Best‐Effort (BE) traf ic on the same network infrastructure. We investigate the effects of using the IEEE 802.1Qcc management protocol to accurately and pre‐ cisely con igure TAS enabled switches (with transmission windows governed by Gate Control Lists (GCLs) with Gate Control Entries (GCEs)) ensuring ultra‐low bounded latency, zero packet loss, and minimal jitter for ST TSN traf ic. We examine both a centralized network/distributed user model (hybrid model) and a fully‐distributed (decentralized) 802.1Qcc model on a typical industrial control network with the goal of maximizing the number of ST streams.

/pdf/reconfiguration-algorithms-for-high-precision-communications-4hqiin78rx.pdf

Reconfiguration algorithms for high precision communications in time sensitive networks: Time-aware shaper configuration with IEEE 802.1Qcc

A low-delay AVB flow scheduling method occupying the guard band in Time-Sensitive Networking

The constant development of computer systems and infrastructure has allowed computational chemistry to become an important component of environmental chemistry research. In the past decade, the application of quantum and classical mechanical calculations to model and understand environmental systems has increased exponentially. In this review, we highlight various applications of computational chemistry techniques in areas of environmental chemistry research (e.g., wastewater/air treatment, sensing, biodegradation). We briefly describe each computational approach, starting with quantum chemistry principle methods followed by molecular mechanics (MM), molecular dynamics (MD), and hybrid QM/MM methods. The recent introduction of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques and their potential to disrupt the field are also discussed. Challenges and current and future directions to address them are presented. 

Computational Chemistry as Applied in Environmental Research: Opportunities and Challenges

As an emerging and promising technology, Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) can be widely used in many real-time systems such as Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Cyber Physical System (CPS). TSN, while ensuring the bounded latency and jitter, exhibits the disadvantage of not being able to efficiently use the bandwidth resources in the guard band. In this paper, we propose an algorithm family named Packet-size Aware Shaping (PAS), which is inspired by abstracting the problem of utilizing the guard band to a classic Precedence-Constrained Knapsack Problem (PCKP). PAS works with the existing TSN standards, having achieved the goal of guaranteeing the end-to-end latency for scheduled time-sensitive applications while fully utilizing the available bandwidth in the guard band for others. Furthermore, we have proposed and implemented several hardware designs for both the current standard TSN scheduler and the programmable one. The simulation results show that the PAS family can achieve satisfying performance in maximizing the resource utilization in the guard band. The synthesis results on Xilinx Vivado show that our proposed Multi-group Push-In-First-Out (MPIFO) scheduler can achieve 100 Mpps scheduling rate for 1024 scheduling items, which is fast enough to support the high-speed TSN.

Packet-size aware scheduling algorithms in guard band for time sensitive networking

Application of molecular dynamics simulation for exploring the roles of plant biomolecules in promoting environmental health.

Push-In-First-Out (PIFO) queue has been extensively studied as a programmable scheduler. To achieve accurate, large-scale, and high-throughput PIFO implementation, we propose the Balanced Multi-way (BMW) Sorting Tree for real-time packet sorting. The tree is highly modularized, insertion-balanced and pipeline-friendly with autonomous nodes. Based on it, we design two simple and efficient hardware designs. The first one is a register-based (R-BMW) scheme. With a pipeline, it features an impressively high and stable throughput without any frequency reduction theoretically even under more levels. We then propose Ranking Processing Units to drive the BMW-Tree (RPU-BMW) to improve the scalability, where nodes are stored in SRAMs and dynamically loaded into/off from RPUs. As the capacity of BMW-Tree grows exponentially, only a few RPUs are needed for a large scale. The evaluation shows that when deployed on the Xilinx Alveo U200 card, R-BMW improves the throughput by 4.8x compared to the original PIFO implementation, while exhibiting a similar capacity. RPU-BMW is synthesized in GlobalFoundries 28nm process, costing a modest 0.522% (1.043mm2) chip area and 0.57MB off-chip memory to support 87k flows at 200Mpps. To our best knowledge, RPU-BMW is the first accurate PIFO implementation supporting over 80k flows at as fast as 200Mpps.

BMW Tree: Large-scale, High-throughput and Modular PIFO Implementation using Balanced Multi-Way Sorting Tree

The unique hardware structure of Ternary Content-Addressable Memory (TCAM) enables its unparalleled lookup throughput but also causes slow update due to the Priority Order Constraint (POC). With the increase of application demands, TCAM update has become a bottleneck in the network. This paper proposes a new TCAM management mechanism named BubbleTCAM to enable fast TCAM update, in which available empty entries are defined as bubbles. The core idea of Bub-bleTCAM is to uniformly distribute bubbles and dependency chains in TCAM, which is beneficial to updates. BubbleTCAM consists of two components: bubble management and rule insertion. Bubble management enables TCAM to have uniformly distributed bubbles at all times through three key procedures: bubble lock reservation, bubble lock release and bubble generation. Rule insertion ensures that dependency chains of rules are uniformly stretched and distributed in TCAM. In addition, BubbleTCAM avoids the reorder problem by pre-sorting. Our evaluation based on the rulesets generated by ClassBench shows that BubbleTCAM effectively reduces the average cost and worst cost (in units of rule movements) during rule updates by at least 48% and 50%, respectively. Especially for the worst cost, the performance can be improved by up to 196x.

BubbleTCAM: Bubble Reservation in SDN Switches for Fast TCAM Update

CoLUE: Collaborative TCAM Update in SDN Switches

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