The Sabatier principle, which states that the binding energy between the catalyst and the reactant should be neither too strong nor too weak, has been widely used as the key criterion in designing and screening electrocatalytic materials necessary to promote the sustainability of our society. The widespread success of density functional theory (DFT) has made binding energy calculations a routine practice, turning the Sabatier principle from an empirical principle into a quantitative predictive tool. Given its importance in electrocatalysis, we have attempted to introduce the reader to the fundamental concepts of the Sabatier principle with a highlight on the limitations and challenges in its current thermodynamic context. The Sabatier principle is situated at the heart of catalyst development, and moving beyond its current thermodynamic framework is expected to promote the identification of next-generation electrocatalysts.

/pdf/the-sabatier-principle-in-electrocatalysis-basics-31pjpal86x.pdf

The Sabatier Principle in Electrocatalysis: Basics, Limitations, and Extensions

COVID-19 and Cancer: Current Challenges and Perspectives.

Coronaviruses pathogenesis, comorbidities and multi-organ damage - A review.

The absence of mirror symmetry, or chirality, is behind striking natural phenomena found in systems as diverse as DNA and crystalline solids A remarkable example occurs when chiral semimetals with topologically protected band degeneracies are illuminated with circularly polarized light Under the right conditions, the part of the generated photocurrent that switches sign upon reversal of the light's polarization, known as the circular photogalvanic effect, is predicted to depend only on fundamental constants The conditions to observe quantization are non-universal, and depend on material parameters and the incident frequency In this work, we perform terahertz emission spectroscopy with tunable photon energy from 02 eV - 11 eV in the chiral topological semimetal CoSi We identify a large longitudinal photocurrent peaked at 04 eV reaching $\sim$ 550 $\mu A/V^{2}$, which is much larger than the photocurrent in any chiral crystal reported in the literature Using first-principles calculations we establish that the peak originates from topological band crossings, reaching 33$\pm$03 in units of the quantization constant Our calculations indicate that the quantized CPGE is within reach in CoSi upon doping and increase of the hot-carrier lifetime The large photo-conductivity suggests that topological semimetals could potentially be used as novel mid-infrared detectors

/pdf/giant-topological-longitudinal-circular-photo-galvanic-19086zv2wy.pdf

Giant topological longitudinal circular photo-galvanic effect in the chiral multifold semimetal CoSi

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), known to cause the disease COVID-19, was declared a pandemic in early 2020. The objective of this review was to collate information regarding the potential of plants and natural products to inhibit coronavirus and targets associated with infection in humans and to highlight known drugs, which may have potential activity against SARS-CoV-2. Due to the similarity in the RNA genome, main proteases, and primary host receptor between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, a review was conducted on plants and secondary metabolites, which have shown activity against SARS-CoV. Numerous scientific reports on the potential of plants and secondary metabolites against SARS-CoV infection were found, providing important information on their possible activity against SARS-CoV-2. Based on current literature, 83 compounds have been identified with the potential to inhibit COVID-19. The most prominent selectivity was found for the alkaloid, lycorine, the lignan, savinin, and the abietane terpenoid, 8-beta-hydroxyabieta-9(11),13-dien-12-one with selectivity index values greater than 945, 667, and 510, respectively. Plants and their secondary metabolites, with activity against targets associated with the SARS-CoV infection, could provide valuable leads for the development into drugs for the novel SARS-CoV-2. The prospects of using computational methods to screen secondary metabolites against SARS-CoV targets are briefly discussed, and the drawbacks have been highlighted. Finally, we discuss plants traditionally used in Southern Africa for symptoms associated with respiratory viral infections and influenza, such as coughs, fever, and colds. However, only a few of these plants have been screened against SARS-CoV. Natural products hold a prominent role in discovering novel therapeutics to mitigate the current COVID-19 pandemic; however, further investigations regarding in vitro, in vivo, pre-clinical, and clinical phases are still required.

/pdf/anti-sars-cov-natural-products-with-the-potential-to-inhibit-29g96uskw2.pdf

Anti-SARS-CoV Natural Products With the Potential to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

O-GlcNAc modification plays critical roles in regulating the stress response program and cellular homeostasis. However, systematic and multi-omics studies on the O-GlcNAc regulated mechanism have been limited. Here, comprehensive data are obtained by a chemical reporter-based method to survey O-GlcNAc function in human breast cancer cells stimulated with the genotoxic agent adriamycin. We identify 875 genotoxic stress-induced O-GlcNAc chromatin-associated proteins (OCPs), including 88 O-GlcNAc chromatin-associated transcription factors and cofactors (OCTFs), subsequently map their genomic loci, and construct a comprehensive transcriptional reprogramming network. Notably, genotoxicity-induced O-GlcNAc enhances the genome-wide interactions of OCPs with chromatin. The dynamic binding switch of hundreds of OCPs from enhancers to promoters is identified as a crucial feature in the specific transcriptional activation of genes involved in the adaptation of cancer cells to genotoxic stress. The OCTF nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-1 (NRF1) is found to be a key response regulator in O-GlcNAc-modulated cellular homeostasis. These results provide a valuable clue suggesting that OCPs act as stress sensors by regulating the expression of various genes to protect cancer cells from genotoxic stress. Protein O-GlcNAcylation is involved in regulating gene expression and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Here, the authors develop a chemical reporter-based strategy for the proteomic profiling and genome-wide mapping of genotoxic stress-induced O-GlcNAcylated chromatin-associated proteins.

/pdf/proteomic-profiling-and-genome-wide-mapping-of-o-glcnac-13oafzslut.pdf

Proteomic profiling and genome-wide mapping of O-GlcNAc chromatin-associated proteins reveal an O-GlcNAc-regulated genotoxic stress response.

O-GlcNAc modification regulates MTA1 transcriptional activity during breast cancer cell genotoxic adaptation.

ppGalNAc-T4-catalyzed O-Glycosylation of TGF-β type II receptor regulates breast cancer cells metastasis potential.

Identification of the O-GalNAcylation site(s) on FOXA1 catalyzed by ppGalNAc-T2 enzyme in vitro

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Proteomic profiling and genome-wide mapping of O-GlcNAc chromatin-associated proteins reveal an O-GlcNAc-regulated genotoxic stress response.

O-GlcNAc modification regulates MTA1 transcriptional activity during breast cancer cell genotoxic adaptation.

ppGalNAc-T4-catalyzed O-Glycosylation of TGF-β type II receptor regulates breast cancer cells metastasis potential.

Identification of the O-GalNAcylation site(s) on FOXA1 catalyzed by ppGalNAc-T2 enzyme in vitro