TL;DR: A learning-based queue-aware task offloading and resource allocation algorithm (QUARTER) is proposed that has superior performances in energy consumption, queuing delay, and convergence.
Abstract: Space–air–ground-integrated power Internet of Things (SAG-PIoT) can provide ubiquitous communication and computing services for PIoT devices deployed in remote areas In SAG-PIoT, the tasks can be either processed locally by PIoT devices, offloaded to edge servers through unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or offloaded to cloud servers through satellites However, the joint optimization of task offloading and computational resource allocation faces several challenges, such as incomplete information, dimensionality curse, and coupling between long-term constraints of queuing delay and short-term decision making In this article, we propose a learning-based queue-aware task offloading and resource allocation algorithm (QUARTER) Specifically, the joint optimization problem is decomposed into three deterministic subproblems: 1) device-side task splitting and resource allocation; 2) task offloading; and 3) server-side resource allocation The first subproblem is solved by the Lagrange dual decomposition For the second subproblem, we propose a queue-aware actor–critic-based task offloading algorithm to cope with dimensionality curse A greedy-based low-complexity algorithm is developed to solve the third subproblem Compared with existing algorithms, simulation results demonstrate that QUARTER has superior performances in energy consumption, queuing delay, and convergence
TL;DR: In this paper, an enhanced adaptive rate-based congestion control system for packet transmission networks uses the absolute rather than the relative network queuing delay measure of congestion in the network, and rate damping is provided by changing all of the values in a rate look-up tables in response to excessive rate variations.
Abstract: An enhanced adaptive rate-based congestion control system for packet transmission networks uses the absolute rather than the relative network queuing delay measure of congestion in the network. Other features of the congestion control system include test transmissions only after a predetermined minimum time, after the receipt of an acknowledgment from the previous test, or transmission of a minimum data burst, whichever takes longest. The congestion control system also provides a small reduction in rate at low rates and a large reduction in rates at high rates. A logarithmic rate control function provides this capability. Rate damping is provided by changing all of the values in a rate look-up tables in response to excessive rate variations. Finally, the fair share of the available bandwidth is used as the starting point for rates at start-up or when a predefined rate damping region is exited.
TL;DR: An object‐oriented (OO) model is presented for freeway work zone capacity and queue delay and length estimation and provides the foundation for a new generation of advanced decision support systems for effective management of traffic at work zones.
Abstract: Current computer models used to estimate queue delay upstream of the work zone have several shortcomings. They do not provide any model to estimate work zone capacity, which has a significant impact on the congestion and traffic queue delays. They cannot be used to perform scenario analysis for work zones with various characteristics such as work zone layout, number of closed lanes, work intensity, and work time. In this paper, an object-oriented (OO) model is presented for freeway work zone capacity and queue delay and length estimation. The model is implemented into an interactive software system, called IntelliZone, using Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC) and a hierarchy of multiple specialized frameworks. A 3-layer application architecture is created to separate the application functions and classes from MFC classes. The high-level application domain layer is divided into packages. IntelliZone's capacity estimation engine is based on pattern recognition and neural network models incorporating many factors impacting the work zone capacity. This research provides the foundation for a new generation of advanced decision support systems for effective management of traffic at work zones.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors link the home-to-work and work-tohome trip schedules via the work duration and calculate the morning and evening travel costs by the bottleneck queuing models and each individuals work utility is determined according to his/her work start time and end time with a predetermined marginal timing utility function.
Abstract: Previous analysis of bottleneck congestion and departure time choice have focused on the trade-off between queuing delay cost and early/late arrival penalty for a given work start schedule.The actual scheduling of travel and work activities may well depend on some other important factors, such as the travel cost of the after-work trip, the work duration and the utility variation of different work times.This paper attempts to link the home-to-work and work-to-home trip schedules via the work duration.The morning home-to-work and evening work-to-home travel costs are calculated by the bottleneck queuing models and each individuals work utility is determined according to his/her work start time and end time with a predetermined marginal timing utility function.Travelers make a tradeoff between travel cost minimization and stay-at-home and work utility maximization in choosing their travel and activity schedules.A discrete choice model is used to predict the dynamic evolution process and stationary distribution of individual schedule patterns.After specifying various kinds of timing utility functions with different degrees of flexibility in work hour schemes, a set of numerical experiments are conducted and some meaningful observations are made from the experiment results, particularly on the effect of flexible work hours on traffic congestion mitigation. � 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
TL;DR: In this article, a general corridor model is proposed to minimize a total system cost including infrastructure investment, battery cost, and user cost, which is formulated as a mixed integer program with nonlinear constraints and solved by a specialized metaheuristic algorithm.
Abstract: This paper proposes to optimally configure plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging infrastructure for supporting long-distance intercity travel using a general corridor model that aims to minimize a total system cost inclusive of infrastructure investment, battery cost and user cost. Compared to the previous work, the proposed model not only allows realistic patterns of origin–destination demands, but also considers flow-dependent charging delay induced by congestion at charging stations. With these extensions, the model is better suited to performing a sketchy design of charging infrastructure along highway corridors. The proposed model is formulated as a mixed integer program with nonlinear constraints and solved by a specialized metaheuristic algorithm based on Simulated Annealing. Our numerical experiments show that the metaheuristic produces satisfactory solutions in comparison with benchmark solutions obtained by a mainstream commercial solver, but is more computationally tractable for larger problems. Noteworthy findings from numerical results are: (1) ignoring queuing delay inducted by charging congestion could lead to suboptimal configuration of charging infrastructure, and its effect is expected to be more significant when the market share of PEVs rises; (2) in the absence of the battery cost, it is important to consider the trade-off between the costs of charging delay and the infrastructure; and (3) building long-range PEVs with the current generation of battery technology may not be cost effective from the societal point of view.