Topic
Lumbosacral trunk
About: Lumbosacral trunk is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 75 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1129 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
TL;DR: It is concluded that beyond the possible metabolic abnormalities involved in the genesis of diabetic polyneuropathy, focal fascicular lesions, likely due to diabetic microangiopathy, are also important in the development of diabetic neuropathy.
Abstract: Samples of lumbosacral trunk, posterior tibial nerve, and sural nerve obtained at autopsy from diabetic and nondiabetic patients without mononeuropathy multiplex were evaluated using 1-μ-thick epoxy sections and teased nerve fiber preparations. Focal fascicular lesions characterized by reduced density of myelinated axons within fascicles were found predominantly in the specimens from diabetics, mainly in the posterior tibial nerve and lumbosacral trunk. In severe examples, the perineurium and even surrounding epineurium were damaged, stamping the lesions as ischemic. In addition, identical lesions were found in biopsies of nerves of nondiabetics with vascultis. Density of myelinated fibers at the three sites demonstrated a proximal–distal graded loss that was significantly greater in the diabetic samples. The loss from the lumbosacral trunk to the posterior tibial nerve was correlated with the density of focal lesions in the lumbosacral trunk in the diabetic (p = 0.025), indicating that distal fiber loss was partly due to the focal lesions. Teased nerve fiber abnormalities were common only in sural nerves of diabetics, suggesting that they are secondary. We conclude that beyond the possible metabolic abnormalities involved in the genesis of diabetic polyneuropathy, focal fascicular lesions, likely due to diabetic microangiopathy, are also important in the development of diabetic neuropathy.
281 citations
TL;DR: The gross anatomy of the pudendal nerve and sacral plexus has a main organization that was observed in 70% of cases, whereas the remaining 30% occurred in two variants.
70 citations
TL;DR: The L4 nerve root and the lumbosacral trunk (and not the L5 nerve root) were the nerves most susceptible to injury because of their course and proximity to the sacroiliac joint.
Abstract: There are no detailed descriptions of the neural structures that may be seen during surgical interventions of the pelvis. Anatomic dissections were performed to see which nerves are endangered in approaches to the anterior sacroiliac joint for plate fixations. Sixty cadavers were dissected bilaterally. Fifty-one were male and nine were female. L4 and L5 nerve roots were followed along the sacroiliac joint from the intervertebral foramen to the entrance into the lesser pelvis. Measurements were made between the nerves and sacroiliac joint from the proximal end of the joint to the pelvic brim. The L4 nerve root and the lumbosacral trunk (and not the L5 nerve root) were the nerves most susceptible to injury because of their course and proximity to the sacroiliac joint. As a result, during the anterior approach and fixation of the sacroiliac joint with plates, extreme care should be taken to identify the L4 nerve root or lumbosacral trunk or both at the anteroinferior third of the joint because the distance between the nerve and the joint is less than 1 cm.
63 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that intrapartum foot drop occurs mostly in short women and is caused by lumbosacral trunk compression by the fetal head at the pelvic brim and recovery is complete in up to 5 months.
Abstract: There are many conflicting theories regarding the mechanism and prognosis of acute foot drop during labor. We report seven women who had arrested labor and foot drop. Six had short stature and one had a large newborn. All had weakness of ankle dorsiflexion, eversion, and inversion, and sensory loss in the L-5 dermatome. Superficial peroneal sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) were small or absent in six patients, and the sural SNAP was attenuated in one. Peroneal compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude (recording from extensor digitorum brevis) was low in five, whereas the tibial CMAP was normal in all patients. Peroneal CMAP amplitude (recording from the tibialis anterior) was normal in three and small in three. Needle electromyography revealed decreased recruitment and fibrillation potentials in L-5-innervated muscles, mostly below the knee. We conclude that intrapartum foot drop occurs mostly in short women and is caused by lumbosacral trunk compression by the fetal head at the pelvic brim. The primary pathology is predominantly demyelination and recovery is complete in up to 5 months.
57 citations
TL;DR: Five male cadavers were used to evaluate anatomically structures at risk using sacral pedicle screw fixation to quantify risk and identify anatomic structures at variable risk depending on the technique used.
Abstract: Five male cadavers were used to evaluate anatomically structures at risk using sacral pedicle screw fixation. Risk was defined as the likelihood of penetration by K-wires placed through the pedicles and cortices at the S1, S2, and S3 levels. A scale based on the distance from the wire to the vital structure was developed to quantify risk. Instrument insertion techniques were classified as direct and lateral. The direct technique at S1 placed the left common iliac vein and the sympathetic chain at high risk. The sympathetic chain was also at high risk at the S2 and S3 levels. The lateral technique placed the lumbosacral trunk at high risk at the S1 level, as well as the S1 nerve root with screw placement at the S2 level. Anterior cortical penetration during sacral pedicle screw fixation places anatomic structures at variable risk depending on the technique used.
56 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 5 |
| 2020 | 3 |
| 2019 | 5 |
| 2018 | 1 |
| 2017 | 12 |
| 2016 | 1 |