TL;DR: In this paper, the lateral offset of a vehicle within a roadway, especially those with multiple traffic lanes, without regard to lane boundaries, which may vary, is used for detecting unsafe driving behaviors evidenced by erratic variations in lane position.
Abstract: An apparatus for sensing variations in an inductive field, or inductive sensor. The inductive sensor (10) is adapted for detecting the lateral offset of a vehicle within a roadway, especially those with multiple traffic lanes, without regard to lane boundaries, which may vary. Lateral offset information is necessary for determining lane usage statistics and is useful in detecting unsafe driving behaviors evidenced by erratic variations in lane position. Such unsafe driving behaviors are indicative of, for example, intoxicated or drowsy drivers, obstacles in the roadway requiring drastic avoidance measures, aggressive driving and other generally unsafe roadway conditions. In addition, lane position information can be passed back to the vehicle to allow for automated lane-keeping or passed to other detectors for self-calibration of the system.
TL;DR: The inductive proximity sensor has an oscillator module (Z3) containing a coil (L1) which is damped by the presence of an object (6). The module forms a branch (3) of the DC supplied (UB) bridge circuit (1 to 4) such that a resultant voltage change (RV) is evaluated (S) for analogue digital load control via the voltage as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The inductive proximity sensor has an oscillator module (Z3) containing a coil (L1) which is damped by the presence of an object (6). The module forms a branch (3) of the DC supplied (UB) bridge circuit (1 to 4) such that a resultant voltage change (RV) is evaluated (S) for analogue digital load control via the voltage (VA). A branch (1) of the bridge (1 to 4) contains an impedance (Z1) exactly matched to the oscillator's static impedance (Z3) and of identical thermal construction. An AC source (8) controlled by the evaluation unit(s) continuously restores the bridge (1 to 4) balance with the resultant minimisation of source voltage and thermal errors. USE/ADVANTAGE - Also for analogue path measurement. Has improved accuracy and long-term stability as consequence of thermal compensation and insensitivity to spurious oscillatory influences. Is universally applicable to both analogue and digital systems.
TL;DR: An axial inductive displacement sensor, which can be fixed on radial direction to measure axial displacement of the suspended rotor, is proposed in this article, based on SchwarzChristoffel transformation, 3D inductance of the proposed sensor is calculated.
Abstract: The invention relates to a system of sensors (10, 11, 12, 13), in which each sensor detects a magnetic or electrical field and outputs, at its sensor outputs (21, 22, 23, 24), an electric sensor basic signal. The sensor outputs (21, 22) of each of the sensors (10, 11, 12, 13) are connected to the inputs (41, 42, 43, 44) of a signal modulator (30, 31), whereby the signal modulator (30, 31) has at least two control states. The invention also relates to a method for operating the sensor system whereby, in different configurations of the sensor system, system signals are queried and calculated together. The inventive sensor system is advantageous in that it can carry out different types of magnetic field measurements with utmost flexibility.
TL;DR: A low-cost interface circuit for differential inductive sensors where the sensor is directly connected to a microcontroller unit (MCU) without any active intermediate electronics in between is proposed.
Abstract: This paper proposes a low-cost interface circuit for differential inductive sensors where the sensor is directly connected to a microcontroller unit (MCU) without any active intermediate electronics in between. The timer embedded into the MCU is employed to measure the discharging or charging time interval of two passive RL networks formed by each sensor coil and an external resistor. Two topologies of the circuit are presented, evaluating their advantages and drawbacks. One of the topologies is implemented using a low-cost 8-bit MCU (Atmel ATmega328P) and its transfer characteristics is evaluated when measuring a commercial displacement inductive sensor. Experimental results show that, in a range of ± 25 mm, the non-linearity error is smaller than 1%, and the resolution is 9 bits for an overall measuring time of a few milliseconds.