TL;DR: The Bernoulli Equation of Fluid Kinematics as discussed by the authors is used in the analysis of fluid flow in Pipes and open-channel flow in Turbomachines.
Abstract: Fluid Statics. Elementary Fluid DynamicsThe Bernoulli Equation. Fluid Kinematics. Finite Control Volume Analysis. Differential Analysis of Fluid Flow. Similitude, Dimensional Analysis, and Modeling. Viscous Flow in Pipes. Flow Over Immersed Bodies. Open-Channel Flow. Turbomachines. Appendices. Answers. Index.
TL;DR: In this paper, the concept of chaotic advection is introduced and a number of applications are discussed. And some emerging directions of investigation for this application of chaos to fluid mechanics are indicated.
Abstract: Particle motion in a fluid can be chaotic even when the flow field is very simple from an eulerian point of view. This basic feature of fluid kinematics, known as chaotic advection, is reviewed and a number of applications are cited. The notion of a chaotic ‘kinematic template’ underlying dynamical processes is introduced and discussed. Some emerging directions of investigation for this application of chaos to fluid mechanics are indicated.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the importance and development of Fluid Mechanics and its application in the field of aerostatics, including the following: Mathematical basics, physical basics, basic equations of fluid mechanics, similarity theory, potential flows, wave motions in non-Viscous fluids, and fluid-flow measurement.
Abstract: Introduction, Importance and Development of Fluid Mechanics.- Mathematical Basics.- Physical Basics.- Basics of Fluid Kinematics.- Basic Equations of Fluid Mechanics.- Hydrostatics and Aerostatics.- Similarity Theory.- Integral Forms of the Basic Equations.- Stream Tube Theory.- Potential Flows.- Wave Motions in Non-Viscous Fluids.- to Gas Dynamics.- Stationary, One-Dimensional Fluid Flows of Incompressible, Viscous Fluids.- Time-Dependent, One-Dimensional Flows of Viscous Fluids.- Fluid Flows of Small Reynolds Numbers.- Flows of Large Reynolds Numbers Boundary-Layer Flows.- Unstable Flows and Laminar-Turbulent Transition.- Turbulent Flows.- Numerical Solutions of the Basic Equations.- Fluid Flows with Heat Transfer.- to Fluid-Flow Measurement.
TL;DR: In this paper, a cross-slot flow geometry with a shape optimized by numerical simulation of the fluid kinematics is fabricated and used to measure the extensional viscosity of a dilute polymer solution.
Abstract: A precision-machined cross-slot flow geometry with a shape that has been optimized by numerical simulation of the fluid kinematics is fabricated and used to measure the extensional viscosity of a dilute polymer solution. Full-field birefringence microscopy is used to monitor the evolution and growth of macromolecular anisotropy along the stagnation point streamline, and we observe the formation of a strong and uniform birefringent strand when the dimensionless flow strength exceeds a critical Weissenberg number Wicrit 0:5. Birefringence and bulk pressure drop measurements provide self consistent estimates of the planar extensional viscosity of the fluid over a wide range of deformation rates (26 s1 "_ 435 s1) and are also in close agreement with numerical simulations performed by using a finitely extensible nonlinear elastic dumbbell model.
TL;DR: In this paper, the simulation of incompressible Newtonian fluid flow problems with free surfaces in the presence of surface tension is considered and a partitioned solution procedure is developed based on the Newton-Raphson methodology which incorporates full linearisation of the overall incremental problem.