Topic
DNA profiling
About: DNA profiling is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3360 publications have been published within this topic receiving 141282 citations. The topic is also known as: DNA fingerprinting & genetic fingerprinting.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
TL;DR: It is suggested here that due to the ubiquitous interspersion of their targets, short probes for simple repeat sequences are especially useful tools for ordering genomic cosmid, yeast artificial chromosome and phage banks.
Abstract: A panel of simple repetitive oligonucleotide probes has been designed and tested for multilocus DNA fingerprinting in some 200 fungal, plant and animal species as well as man. To date at least one of the probes has been found to be informative in each species. The human genome, however, has been the major target of many fingerprinting studies. Using the probe (CAC)5 or (GTG)5, individualization of all humans is possible except for monozygotic twins. Paternity analyses are now performed on a routine basis by the use of multilocus fingerprints, including also cases of deficiency, i.e. where one of the parents is not available for analysis. In forensic science stain analysis is feasible in all tissue remains containing nucleated cells. Depending on the degree of DNA degradation a variety of oligonucleotides are informative, and they have been proven useful in actual case work. Advantages in comparison to other methods including enzymatic DNA amplification techniques (PCR) are evident. Fingerprint patterns of tumors may be changed due to the gain or loss of chromosomes and/or intrachromosomal deletion and amplification events. Locus-specific probes were isolated from the human (CAC)5/(GTG)5 fingerprint with a varying degree of informativeness (monomorphic versus truly hypervariable markers). The feasibility of three different approaches for the isolation of hypervariable mono-locus probes was evaluated. Finally, one particular mixed simple (gt)n(ga)m repeat locus in the second intron of the HLA-DRB genes has been scrutinized to allow comparison of the extent of exon-encoded (protein-) polymorphisms versus intronic hypervariability of simple repeats: adjacent to a single gene sequence (e.g. HLA-DRB1*0401) many different length alleles were found. Group-specific structures of basic repeats were identified within the evolutionarily related DRB alleles. As a further application it is suggested here that due to the ubiquitous interspersion of their targets, short probes for simple repeat sequences are especially useful tools for ordering genomic cosmid, yeast artificial chromosome and phage banks.
105 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that for M. bovis, IS1081 cannot be used to type strains, IS6110 can beused to distinguish strains into broad groups, but only restriction fragment analysis is sufficiently sensitive for detailed epidemiological studies.
Abstract: Strains of Mycobacterium bovis, the causative organism of bovine tuberculosis, can be clearly distinguished from each other by restriction fragment analysis. This method of DNA fingerprinting has been used for many epidemiological studies in New Zealand, but the technique presents practical difficulties that hinder its widespread use. The insertion element IS6110 is being widely used as a DNA probe for distinguishing restriction fragment polymorphisms among strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Both this element and another recently sequenced element, IS1081, are also present in M. bovis. We assessed the usefulness of these two elements for distinguishing between 160 strains of M. bovis. These strains, most of which were isolated in New Zealand, were selected to be representative of the 95 different types that were identified among 530 strains that were previously typed by restriction fragment analysis. Fifteen IS6110 types were identified, but more than half of the strains representing 46 restriction types had the same IS6110 type. Virtually all M. bovis strains as well as strains of M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium africanum had the same IS1081 type. The results indicate that for M. bovis, IS1081 cannot be used to type strains, IS6110 can be used to distinguish strains into broad groups, but only restriction fragment analysis is sufficiently sensitive for detailed epidemiological studies. An investigation of the host range of IS1081 revealed that, apart from its presence in species of the tuberculosis complex, it is also present in a strain of Mycobacterium xenopi.
105 citations
TL;DR: The materials (magnetic powder, soot powder and scotch tape) used for visualization and archiving fingerprints in Germany were tested for their PCR inhibitory characteristics and it proved possible to type fingerprints taken directly from thesurface as well as fingerprints removed from the surface with scotCh tape.
104 citations
TL;DR: DNA fingerprints were generated from various human somatic tissues and from peripheral blood of 179 children and their 80 parents using (CAC)5/(GTG)5 oligonucleotide probes and seven out of eight mutations observed appeared to be of paternal origin.
Abstract: DNA fingerprints were generated from various human somatic tissues and from peripheral blood of 179 children and their 80 parents using (CAC)5/(GTG)5 oligonucleotide probes. Whereas somatic stability of the fingerprint patterns was demonstrated, the average rate for germline mutations was estimated to be approximately 0.001 per DNA locus and gamete, with the three different restriction enzymes used. Seven out of eight mutations observed appeared to be of paternal origin.
104 citations
TL;DR: Using DNA fingerprinting, the mating system of a natural black bear population, occupying the Chapleau Crown Game Preserve, Ontario, Canada, was investigated, and evidence indicates that multiple mating is practised by both sexes.
103 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 52 |
| 2024 | 83 |
| 2023 | 114 |
| 2022 | 158 |
| 2021 | 46 |
| 2020 | 58 |