Abstract: Morphological studies have been carried out on a thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyester based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and para hydroxybenzoate (PHB) that has been subjected to different types of flow histories. Wide angle X-ray scattering investigations and chemical etching (n-propylamine is the etchant) in conjunction with electron microscopy studies conducted on end gated injection molded plaques of the 60 percent PHB and 80 percent PHB copolyesters indicate that a highly oriented skin region and a less oriented core region is present. Chemical etching studies performed on microtomed layers of end gated and center gated plaques show that the etching is less pronounced in the skin region and is more pronounced in the core. The microtomed layers of the end gated injection molded plaques when analyzed by ESCA indicate the presence of a “PHB rich” skin region and a “PET” rich core region. Biaxial orientation, as denoted by WAXS measurements, is observed when the 60 percent PHB copolyester is squeezed between lubricated parallel plates.

Abstract: Studies of the kinetics of crystallization were performed on polyethylene-naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate (PEN) and onits copolyester with p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHB). It is shown that PEN crystallizes in two different crystal modifications. The copolyester forms a lattice which corresponds to one of the two crystal modifications of PEN. At 230 °C the copolyester goes over into the liquid crystalline state. The orientation of the chains in small regionsoccurring in this state does not increase considerably the rate of crystallization after cooling. In the liquid crystalline state fluctuations of the chain orientation in regions of about 2 mm × 2 mm are observed with a characteristic time constant of about 3 min. In addition, the change of small angle X-ray scattering during melting and recrystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) is investigated. The change of scattering power and of the shape of the scattering curve was observed as a function of temperature and time. At low temperatures, with increasing temperature, the position of the scattering peak shifted gradually and irreversibly to smaller angles. At 245°C the small angle scattering first disappeared completely and appeared later again, the peak lying at smaller angles. The results depend strongly on the heating rate.

Abstract: Analytical expressions for the meridional scattering from highly oriented random copolyesters are presented. These procedures are utilised in developing the relationship of the features in the diffraction pattern to compositions and relative lengths of the constituent monomer units. The difference between the scattering patterns for random and block copolymers are discussed. The theory is applied to an example of a liquid crystal froming random copolyester.

Abstract: Multiple layer nonoriented heat sealable films are disclosed having a base substrate layer of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (polyester) or polyester copolymer and at least one heat sealable surface layer of a copolyester. The films are prepared by conventional cast or blown film coextrusion techniques.

Abstract: A composition comprising a paracumylphenol end­capped aromatic copolyestercarbonate having from about 35 to 95 mole percent ester content which comprises isophthalate or isophthalate and terephthalate units wherein no more than about 50 mole percent of the ester content is terephthalate

Abstract: Blends of polyarylate (PA)-a copolyester of bisphenol A with a mixture of terephthalic/isophthalic acids at 50/50 proportion–and polycarbonate of bisphenol A (PC) were melt mixed into films with a Brabender Plasticorder. The processing produced transreacted mixtures that exhibited a modulus and yield stress with a maximum that is above the linear (very similar to that observed for compatible polymer blends). The elongation at yield did not show any maximum but it is also above linearity.

Abstract: The effects of chain structure and processing variables on the microstructure and linear viscoelastic behavior of a series of copolyether–ester block polymers are described. In addition, the random copolyester analogs of the hard block are examined. The ester segments are composed of two isomers, poly(tetramethylene terephthalate) (PTMT) and poly(tetramethylene isophthalate) (PTMI), which possess significantly different crystallization kinetics. The ratio of PTMT to PTMI in the series has been systematically varied to alter the crystallizability without changing the chemical composition. The results of differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle x-ray diffraction, and dynamic mechanical characterization are presented. Copolymerization of a second ester shortens the average sequence length of the first ester, resulting in melting-point depression for crystals of the first polyester and substantial lowering of the dynamic mechanical storage modulus above the glass transition of the intercrystalline phase. The melting-point depression may be predicted by using Flory's model for random copolymers, but the calculated heats of fusion are significantly lower than those obtained from diluent melting-point depression.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an easily-adhesive polyester film comprising a polyester base film and a coating layer formed on one surface of the polyester base film, the coating layer comprising a mixture composed mainly of a higher fatty acid wax and a copolyester comprising as one comonomer component an alkali metal salt of an ester-forming aromatic sulfonic acid. The film of the present invention has excellent adhesiveness and has an improved anti-blocking property, and the film of the present invention is valuable as a base film for a magnetic recording medium, a capacitor or a photographic film.

Abstract: Due to economic, technological, and regulatory pressures, there has been a gralual narrowing of the chemical variety of polymers being produced1. In order to obtain new materials with unique properties, one of the approaches taken by polymer scientists is to use polymer blends. Some of the reasons as to why these materials are attractive are (i) the ability to obtain higher performance materials economically, (ii) modification of performance as a market develops, (iii) extend the performance of an expensive resin and (iv) re-use of plastics scrap through blending and (v) genetation of a unique material in terms of processability or performance1. The two principal means by which polymer blends can be prepared are mechanical mixing or casting from solution.

Abstract: A tubular packaging film, in particular a sausage casing for scalded and cooked sausages. The polymer mixture of said film has, on a 100 parts polymer basis, from 30 to 90 parts by weight homopolyamide or copolyamide, and from 70 to 10 parts polyterephthalic acid ester and/or copolyester of terephthalic and isophthalic acid units. The polyester is formed with an aliphatic or alicyclic diol. The film also optionally contains additives such as silicone oils which improve slip properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a three-layer film formed of polyesters, which is preferably produced in a coextrusion process. The film is suitable for embossing and does not tend to stick to the embossing tool, even at elevated temperatures. Under a thermal load which is necessarily applied in the further processing of the film, the depth of embossing is not changed or is only negligibly changed. The three-layer film formed of polyesters has external layers with higher melting points than the intermediate layer. Preferably, the external layers comprise polyethylene terephthalate and the intermediate layer of copolyester.

Abstract: Surgical devices such as filaments are made from a crystalline copolyester of glycolide, lactide, p-dioxanone, or mixture thereof, and poly(alkylene malonate).

Abstract: A composition comprising: (a) an aromatic polycarbonate resin; (b) a polyalkylene terephthalate resin and/or an amorphous copolyester resin; and (c) a modifier therefore comprising a block copolymer comprising (i) blocks derived from an aromatic polycarbonate, and (ii) blocks derived from a diorganopolysiloxane, (b) and (c) in such quantities that the composition has reduced melt viscosity and similar or better impact properties in comparison to the polycarbonate.

Abstract: A novel process is disclosed for preparing a high melt viscosity block co-polyester of at least two different linear polyesters. The process comprises melt blending the polyesters and, thereafter, subjecting the melt blended polyesters to a temperature of 10°-50° C. below the melting point of the lowest melting ingredient in the blend until the melt viscosity has increased to at least 10,000 poises at a temperature 10°-15° C. above the melting point of the blend.

Abstract: Easily dyeable polyester fiber consisting of a copolyester having 80 to 98 mole % of ethylene terephthalate units, and having a degree of crystallinity (X c ) and a birefringence (Δn) satisfying the following relationship (1), and a peak temperature (T max ) at which the dynamic loss tangent (tan δ) measured at a frequency of 110 Hz becomes maximum and a maximum tan δ value (tan δ) max within the following ranges (2) and (3): X.sub.c (%)<-710×Δn+110 (1) 90° C.

Abstract: In recent years only a few totally new plastics have been developed, since suppliers are finding it quicker and less expensive to tailor existing resins to meet the requirements of a specific application by alloying. The properties of an alloy of polycarbonate and a proprietary copolyester have been fully characterized. Thermal analysis shows that the polymers are miscible in all proportions. Transparency, glass transition temperature, barrier properties, tensile, and flexural properties of the alloy all fall between those of the neat components. Certain synergistic properties were observed upon blending the polycarbonate and polyester. The tendency of the blend not to yellow during γ-sterilization is remarkably better than can be predicted by an additive relationship. Chemical resistance of the blends behaves in a similar manner. The excellent balance of properties exhibited by the blend such as transparency, impact strength, γ-radiation resistance, and chemical resistance makes it useful in applications such as medical disposables and filter bowls.

Abstract: A copolyester film comprising: (a) a copolyester which comprises, as a dicarboxylic acid component, 80 to 97 mole percent of terephthalic acid and 3 to 20 mole percent of isophthalic acid and, as a diol component, 60 to 85 mole percent of 1,4-butanediol and 15 to 40 mole percent of diethylene glycol, and said copolyester having a reduced viscosity in the range of 0.8 to 1.4 dl/g and a melting point in the range of 160° to 200° C.; and said film having (b) a heat of crystal fusion in the range of 5 to 10 cal/g, (c) a haze value in the range of 5 to 35 percent, and (d) an initial Young's modulus in the range of 3×103 kg/cm2 to 30×103 kg/cm2. A hot melt adhesive comprising said film is also provided. This hot melt adhesive has excellent high speed bonding characteristics, durability and high bond strength with respect to substrates.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide the titled compsn having excellent adhesion and water resistance, mainly consisting of a specified thermoplastic copolyester resin and an ethylene copolymer CONSTITUTION:05-20ptswt polyfunctional epoxy compd is blended with 100 ptswt of the combined quantity of 40-80ptswt thermoplastic copolyester resin (A) having a mp of 90-160 degC and a reduced viscosity of 05 or above, composed of a dicarboxylic acid component consisting of 40-100mol% of terephthalic acid and 0-60mol% of other arom dicarboxylic acids, a low-molecular glycol component consisting of 40-100mol% of 1,4-butanediol and 0-60mol% of diethylene glycol or 1,6-hexanediol and 0-10mol% (based on the entire quantity of carboxylic acid component) of polytetramethylene glycol having an MW of 600-6,000, and 60-20ptswt mixture of 5-100wt% ethylene copolymer (B) contg one or more functional groups selected from among epoxy, carboxyl and dicarboxylic acid anhydride groups and 95-0wt% other thermoplastic resins (C)

Abstract: PURPOSE: A polyester shrink label having improved low-temperature heat shrinkability, comprising a copolyester containing 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol in a diol component and polyethylene terephthalate. CONSTITUTION: A composition obtained by blending (A) 50W99wt% copolyester comprising (i) an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component, preferably terephthalic acid (derivative) and (ii) a diol component, preferably ethylene glycol containing 10W40mol%, preferably 15W35mol% 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol with (B) 1W50wt% polyethylene terephthalate is extruded by the use of a T die, stretched, cut and sealed at the center to give a cylindrical shrink label. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

Abstract: An easily bondable polyester film comprising a polyester base film having on one side a coating layer of a mixture mainly composed of a copolyester containing ester-forming alkali metal aromatic sulfonate as one comonomer and a higher fatty acid wax. This film has excellent bondability and improved blocking properties, and is useful as base film for a magnetic recording medium, capacitor, photographic film, etc.

Abstract: Thermoplastic copolyester-carbonate resins are described, having included in their polymer chains, moieties of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents alkyl of from about 10 to 36 carbon atoms, inclusive, a and b are each whole number integers of from 0 to 1; and the sum of a+b is 1. The resins are useful as molding compositions and as mold release additives for polycarbonate and copolyester-carbonate molding compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are liquid crystal copolyesters prepared from p-hydroxybenzoic acid, isophthalic and/or terephthalic acid, hydroquinone, and a mono-substituted hydroquinone wherein the substituent is selected from the group consisting of alkyls of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl and phenyl substituted with an alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, chloro, bromo, cyano, formyl, acetyl, and trifluoromethyl, wherein, when a specific amount of the hydroquinone is replaced by a specific substituted hydroquinone, the copolyester not only becomes more tractable but also unexpectedly more crystalline when compared to the unsubstituted copolyester.

Abstract: A flexible film suitable for medical solution pouches and parenteral materials generally, includes a sealant layer of ethylene/propylene copolymer, modified ethylene/propylene copolymer, or flexible copolyester; one or more interior layers including elastomeric polymeric materials, and an outer layer of ethylene/propylene copolymer or a flexible copolyester.

Abstract: A thermoplastic composition comprising about 10-80 parts by weight total polymers of a multi-block copolyester elastomer having a melting point of from about 100°-200° C. and about 20-90 parts by weight total polymers of a crosslinked chlorosulfonated polyethylene elastomer dispersed in said copolyester elastomer, said chlorosulfonated polyethylene elastomer being crosslinked to an extent such that not more than about 45% by weight of said elastomer is extractable with toluene at 25°0 C.

Abstract: A process for producing light-reflecting bodies is described. The wall of the light-reflecting body consists of a polyalkylene terephthalate and/or a copolyester thereof, containing in each case 10-40% by weight of a finely-divided filler, a light-reflecting metal layer being applied directly to at least one surface of the wall. According to the novel process, a polyester moulding compound containing: (a) 90-60% by weight of a polyalkylene terephthalate and/or copolyester thereof, or of a mixture of polyalkylene terephthalates, and (b) 10-40% by weight of a finely-divided filler is subjected before shaping, at elevated temperature but at a temperature below the melting point of the moulding compound, to a vacuum treatment.

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain the titled composition which causes neither blocking nor changing of a printed matter with time, has excellent thermal transfer characteristics at low temperatures, and serves to an improvement in working environment, labor saving, etc., by mixing a specified ultraviolet-curing resin with a copolyester soluble in said resin. CONSTITUTION: An ultraviolet-curing resin (A) is obtained by mixing 10W70wt% (based on resin components) homopolymer and/or copolymer of a compound of the formula (wherein R 1 is H or CH 3 ; R 2 is a C 1W20 alkyl, a cycloalkyl, an aralkyl or an aryl) (a), a photopolymerizable (meth)acrylate (b) having 1W3 photopolymerizable double bonds in a molecule, and 0.05W20wt%, based on the total of components (a), (b), and B mentioned below, photo-initiator (c) (e.g., propiophenone). Then, 95W60pts.wt. component A is mixed with 5W40pts. wt. copolyester (B) which is soluble in component A and is prepared by synthesis from one or more saturated polybasic carboxylic acids (derivatives) and one or more polyhydric alcohols. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain a primer compsn for metal, which has good processability and corrosion resistance, by blending a specified copolyester, a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a butyl-etherified melamine resin and a polyoxyalkylene polyol CONSTITUTION: A primer compsn contains a copolyester (A) having a melt index of 300 or below, composed of either an arom dicarboxylic acid unit contg at least 50mol% of terephthalic acid unit and an alkylene glycol unit or said arom dicarboxylic acid unit, an aliph dicarboxylic acid unit and an alkylene glycol unit, a bisphenol A type epoxy resin (B), a butyl-etherified melamine resin (C) and a polyoxyalkylene polyol (D) The bisphenol A type epoxy resin can be synthesized from bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin and the epoxy equivalent there of is pref 1,200g/equivalent or below from the viewpoint of durability of adhesion COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

Abstract: The copolyester in a copolyester film comprises, as dicarboxylic acid component, 80 to 97 mole percent of terephthalic acid and 3 to 20 mole percent of isophthalic acid' and, as diol component, 60 to 85 mole percent of 1, 4-butanediol and 15 to 40 mole percent of diethylene glycol. The copolyester has a reduced viscosity in the range of 0.8 to 1.4 dl/g and a melting point in the range 160to 200°C; and the film has a heat of crystal fusion in the range 5 to 10 cal/g, a haze value in the range 5 to 35 percent, and an initial Young's ; modulus in the range 3 x 10 3 kg/cm 2 to high-speed bonding characteristics, durability and high bond strength with respect to substrates.