TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose three calibration scenarios of to date contemporary divergence of Anoplopomatidae (skilfish Erilepis zonifer and sablefish Anopoma fimbria) for a data set of two mtDNA loci (СOI and Control Region).
Abstract: We propose three calibration scenarios of to date contemporary divergence of Anoplopomatidae (skilfish Erilepis zonifer and sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria) for a data set of two mtDNA loci (СOI and Control Region). The first scenario is based upon a fossil record and the second and third ones upon major palaeogeological events 3.5 and 15 Mya. Estimated evolution speeds indicate that COI evolves faster in the skilfish mitochondrial genome. There is also evidence of skilfish going through a bottleneck event limiting its genetic diversity in the relatively recent past near Japan. Sablefish had two refugia on both sides of the Pacific Ocean. The contemporary haplotype divergence was formed ~450 thousand years ago during an ice age in the Pleistocene and contemporary populations display no apparent geographic differentiation.
TL;DR: In this article, the first capture of pre-spawning and spawning individuals in Pacific waters off the Kuril Islands and Kamchatka was described, suggesting that sablefish spawning may occur on the southwestern edge of their range.
Abstract: The population status of sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria (Anoplopomatidae) inhabiting the Asian coast of the western North Pacific is still uncertain, with no direct observations of sablefish spawning. This paper describes the first capture of pre-spawning and spawning individuals in Pacific waters off the Kuril Islands and Kamchatka, suggesting that sablefish spawning may occur on the southwestern edge of their range. Traditionally these areas have not been considered as suitable sablefish habitat. The spatial distribution of sablefish during pre-spawning periods suggests the use of quasistationary eddies. Further study of juvenile sablefish presence and survival will require ichthyoplankton surveys, and elucidation of population status of sablefish inhabiting the study area will require genetic investigation.