Abstract: The urinary excretion of norfloxacin was measured in eight healthy volunteers after its co-administration with a variety of over-the-counter preparations, each containing a different metal ion. Commonly used doses of ferrous sulphate, zinc sulphate, aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide reduced the 24 h urinary excretion of norfloxacin by 50 to 90%. Bismuth subsalicylate had no significant effect. In vitro experiments demonstrated the formation of complexes between norfloxacin and iron, zinc, aluminium, and magnesium ions, respectively. Many pharmaceuticals contain the same metal ions that caused significant interactions with norfloxacin. The efficacy of norfloxacin treatment may be compromised when it is taken concurrently with preparations containing these metal ions.

Abstract: All children referred to two private dermatological practices from 1 Jan. 1985 to 31 Dec. 1990 who had pruritus and subcutaneous infiltrates in the areas of immunization with Di-Te-Pol vaccine were patch tested with a Finn Chamber or with 2% aqueous aluminium chloride. Di-Te-Pol vaccine contains aluminium hydroxide. Contact allergy to aluminium was demonstrated in 32 children (20 girls and 12 boys). Of the three patch test methods used, testing with 2% AlCl3 occluded with a Finn Chamber proved to be the most sensitive. Immunization of children who have been shown to be allergic to aluminium should be carried out with vaccines which do not contain aluminium.

Abstract: The preferential uptake of aluminium ions by lactone and carboxylic acid groups in glucuronic-6,3-lactone and gluconic acid suggested that these organic admixtures have a high potential as set-retarding admixtures of high-temperature calcium aluminate cement slurry. However, the liberation of abundant free calcium ions caused by the adsorption of aluminium ions by the admixtures, increased the carbonation rate of hydrated cement pastes after exposure to Na2CO3-laden water at 300 ‡C. Using inorganic acid admixtures, such as boric acid and sodium tetraborate decahydrate, the retarding ability of colloidal Ca(BO2)2 ·nH2O and aluminium hydroxide yielded by the reaction between admixture and cement was less than that of the reaction products derived from organic acid admixtures. Although Ca(BO2)2 ·nH2O in hot Na2CO3 solution was converted into CaCO3, the rate of alkali carbonation was almost the same as that of admixture-free calcium aluminate cement pastes.

Abstract: White precipitates collected from stream bottoms and well tubes in the Senne area consist of amorphous aluminium hydroxide, coprecipitated with minor amounts of sulfate, phosphate and silica. The precipitates have presumably formed by the interaction of slightly alkaline water from calcareous subsoil sediments, with acidic water draining off sandy soils affected by high inputs of acidic atmospheric deposition. From many hydrochemical studies, precipitation of aqueous aluminium is known to occur in subsurface horizons of acid soils affected by acid rain. On the basis of presumed equilibrium with soil solutions, jurbanite, AlOHSO4 · 5H2O, is often assumed to be the secondary mineral involved. However, direct evidence for jurbanite from solid phase analysis is lacking. This first analysis of such a secondary phase does not support the jurbanite hypothesis, and shows that amorphous Al hydroxide can be formed instead.

Abstract: of EP0514229Silica-stabilised alumina retaining a high specific surface at high temperatures. It has an isoelectric point higher than 7 and a low isomerising power for olefins. Process for the preparation of this stabilised alumina from an alumina powder originating from the rapid dehydration of an aluminium hydroxide or oxyhydroxide in which the said powder is rehydrated in the presence of a silicon compound and then subjected to a heat treatment. Use of the stabilised alumina as catalyst support.

Abstract: Process for the removal of organic and inorganic toxic products from gaseous, liquid and/or solid materials by chemisorption, the absorbent used for the chemisorption being either a) an aqueous solution of one or more water-soluble aluminates at a hydroxyl ion concentration which prevents the precipitation of aluminium hydroxide, or b) an absorbent which is obtainable from one or more water-soluble aluminates and one or more calcium compounds, wholly or partly soluble in water, in the presence of water, and in the absence or presence of one or more carbonates and/or carbon dioxide and/or of a carbon dioxide-containing gas. The absorbents have lamellar layer structures and correspond to the type [Ca4Al2(OH)12] [CO3.aq] [Ca4Al2(OH)12] [OH/O.5CO3.aq] and/or [Ca4Al2(OH)12] [(OH) .aq] in which aq signifies water of crystallisation.

Abstract: A method of dry scrubbing process exhaust gases containing fluorides comprising bringing the fluoride containing gas into contact with particles of a material selected from aluminium hydroxide, rehydrated smelter grade alumina and/or partially calcined gibbsite, whereby the fluoride component of the exhaust gas chemically reacts with the particles to form aluminium fluoride, and collecting the aluminium fluoride particles for subsequent use.

Abstract: Process for the production of aluminium hydroxide by digesting bauxite with alkali solution and precipitating aluminium hydroxide from the digestion solution, comprising: a combining bauxite and alkali solution having a caustic concentration of at least 180 grams per liter expressed as sodium carbonate and digesting partly the bauxite in the combined product in a first digestion step at relatively low temperature, b separating reaction product obtained in step a into a liquid phase and a solids/liquid slurry, c combining liquid phase and solids/liquid slurry obtained in step b and digesting the combined product in a second digestion step at relatively high temperature, d releasing heat from the reaction product obtained in step c to preheat liquid phase obtained in step b, e separating the reaction product obtained in step d into a supersaturated sodium aluminate solution and undissolved material, f precipitating aluminium hydroxide from the supersaturated sodium aluminate solution obtained in step e and separating aluminium hydroxide from the spent liquor, and recycling spent liquor obtained in step f to step a for use as alkali solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a stable pharmaceutical dosage form based on acetylsalicylic acid or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, wherein a) a compound chosen from acetylsalicylic acid and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts is mixed in an aqueous medium with b) a stabilising compound chosen from magnesium citrate, a mixture of allantoin and of aluminium chlorohydroxide and aluminium hydroxide, and this mixture is then lyophilised

Abstract: The effects of sodium carbonate and various organic salts of sodium on nucleation and agglomeration of aluminium hydroxide from caustic solution were studied in 250 ml plastic bottles placed in a rolling bath arrangement where only gentle agitation of the bottle contents resulted. The presence of sodium carbonate appeared to have decreased the nucleation and agglomeration rates of aluminium hydroxide solution. Plant liquors which contained numerous impurities showed significant reductions in nucleation but increased agglomeration of aluminium hydroxide. Other organics introduced seemed to have had mixed effects, some boosting nucleation or agglomeration while others produced opposite effects. Oxalates had no significant effects on either nucleation or agglomeration.

Abstract: A process for improved dewatering and retention in the manufacture of paper, where a retention agent containing anionic groups and being based on a polysaccharide or being an acrylamide-based polymer and an alkaline solution of an aluminate are added to the stock containing lignocellulose-containing fibres and optionally fillers. The pH of the stock prior to the addition of the aluminate should be below about 7 to obtain the desired cationic aluminium hydroxide complexes in the stock. The present process is cost effective and insensitive to the content of calcium in the white water.

Abstract: This composite inorganic adhesive is produced by phosphoric acid, aluminium sulphate, superfine aluminium hydroxide and metal aluminium as raw materials and water as dispersing medium, and does not have poison. Its concrete components (Wt.%) are as follows: Al2O3 (15-20), P2O5 (10-12), SO3(10-12) and water balance. Under the condition of same aggregate, its fire resistance is 50-60deg. c higher than that of dihydrogen phosphate and its binding strength at room temp is up to 31.6 MPa, which is 85% higher than that of aluminium dihydrogen phosphate. The adhesive has less average weightlessness and better wetting ability to such materials as alumine, zircon, carbon and carbide, refractory clay, etc.

Abstract: The wet offscum of aluminium oxide goes through such steps as washing, drying in air, breaking, addition of water and hydrochloric acid for removing Na, and then buffering agen to extract aluminium hydroxide by immersion and separation, and drying by heating to obtain a principal component of coagulator. Mg-containing inorganic salt and sodium chlorid or bittern is added into black liquid, saided principal component of coagulator is then added in and appropriate Ca(OH)2 or calcium lime is finally added into regulate the liquid to appear to be neutral. This invention features fast flocculate deposition and simple equipment.

Abstract: In a process for producing grinding and/or polishing aluminium oxide from aluminium hydroxide, which can be produced on an industrial scale (in particular by the BAYER process), the aluminium hydroxide is pressed into highly compacted blanks which are then calcined at a temperature and for a length of time such that practically anhydrous aluminium oxide, consisting predominantly of alpha aluminium oxide, is obtained. The aluminium oxide powder so obtained has a very homogenous phase composition and, depending on the calcination conditions, exists as micro abrasive grain or as polishing alumina and is suitable for use in highest-quality optical equipment.

Abstract: The invention concerns basic calcium aluminium hydroxide dicarboxylates of the following formula: CaxAl2(OH)?2(x+3-y)?Ay . m H2O, wherein x is a number between 2 and 12; (2x+5)/2 > y > 0; m is a number between 0 and 12; and A is an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic dicarboxylic acid anion or combinations thereof; y = 1 being excepted when x = 2 to 8. A method for preparing them is also disclosed. The compounds of the invention are particularly useful as stabilizers for halogenated thermoplastic resins, in particular PVC.

Abstract: Fluoride ion in trace concentrations is found to leach metallic aluminium from utensils even at neutral pH, releasing aluminium hydroxide which is readily soluble in dilute acids. The levels of leaching at different F(-) concentrations are given and compared with leaching levels with equivalent concentrations of Cl(-). It is suggested that consumption of water boiled in aluminium utensils may contribute to cumulative aluminium toxicity.

Abstract: Aluminium oxide powders having a high alpha proportion, crystallite sizes of approximately 0.1 mu m and a narrow particle size distribution are prepared from ordinary Bayer aluminium hydroxide (Gibbsit) or aluminium oxide calcined at a low temperature. The starting material is wet-disagglomerated, mixed with alpha aluminium oxide nuclei, dried and calcined. Calcination produces agglomerates which already have the crystallite size required and which only have to be disagglomerated to the particle size required. … The alpha aluminium oxide powders prepared according to the invention are particularly suitable as starting materials for producing high-performance ceramics, for example of blanking dies. … …

Abstract: The flocculant ('Minesite') for filtering waste water is prepared by (a) pulverizing SiO2-Al2O3-based minerals such as quarts porphyry, feldspar or clay to 200 mesh, (2) treating the fine powder with HCl or NaOH to be activated, (3) adding a mixture of aluminium hydroxide and water to the activated powder and (4) finally reacting with conc sulfuric acid The flocculant has excellent ion exchange, absorption and aggregation properties, and is useful for treating the waste water containing heavy metals such as Cd, Pd and Hg

Abstract: This invention relates to a process which is applicable to the treatment of waste water in the production of dyestuff and during printing and dying. It uses electrocoacervated waste dregs containing iron hydroxide or aluminium hydroxide as coagulant which is applied to pretreatment of waste water through stirring and precipitation, to reduce the COD of waste water. Thus, the power consumption during electrocoacervation is reduced and the consumption of electrode plate is also lowered.

Abstract: The effects of calcium carbonate and aluminium hydroxide as phosphate binders were investigated in nine patients on chronic hemodialysis. Aluminium hydroxide, 1 g X 3, was given during four weeks followed by a period of four weeks without any phosphate binders and after this calcium carbonate, 2.5 g X 3, was introduced for four weeks. Calcium carbonate resulted in lowering of bioactive PTH in serum from 22.4 to 16.4 pM and a rise of serum calcitriol from 8.0 to 11.5 pg/ml with maintained control of phosphate and without significant difference in the calcium-phosphate product. Calcium in serum rose from 2.27 to 2.57 mM and mild hypercalcemia (less than 3.0 mM) in five of the patients could be controlled by dose reduction of calcium carbonate without losing control of serum phosphate levels. We conclude that calcium carbonate offers advantages as a phosphate binder compared to aluminium hydroxide in that it offers equal control of serum phosphate and elevates serum calcium which helps to control the hyperparathyroidism secondary to uremia.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent the occurrence of a crack and void within a cement solidified body, and prevent that a flake or lump of radioactive solid waste remains without being molten after melting treatment, when radioactive solid waste including aluminium, is subjected to cement solidification or melting solidification. CONSTITUTION:In such radioactive solid waste as a highly efficient fine-grain filter for exhaust gas purification, aluminium is included. Such radioactive solid waste is immersed in an aqueous solution of a compound selected from a group consisting of the hydroxide of alkaline metal, the hydroxide of alkaline earth metal, and hydrogen peroxide. By this, the aluminium in the radioactive solid waste reacts with the said compound, becomes aluminium hydroxide or alkali aluminate, and dissolves in the aqueous solution.