Protocol Biopsies: Utility and Limitations.

TL;DR: Two-week protocol biopsy is technically feasible and safe and contributes to early detecting a substantial number of SCRs, and platelet count and blood urea nitrogen should be carefully checked to predict major complications.

TL;DR: Despite having a stable renal function, adult recipients of kidney transplantation had a significant number of subclinical rejection on renal allograft biopsies, and living-related donor recipients were associated with decreased SCR.

TL;DR: The less invasive nature of fine needle biopsies may therefore permit more frequent molecular monitoring and a more targeted use of core needleBiopsies in native and especially in transplanted kidneys.

TL;DR: In this paper , a 15-minute online survey with 58 multiple choice or open-ended questions was completed by EU transplant nephrologists, transplant surgeons and nephologists.

TL;DR: Chronic allograft nephropathy represents cumulative and incremental damage to nephrons from time-dependent immunologic and nonimmunologic causes, and was irreversible, resulting in declining renal function and graft failure.

TL;DR: Emerging research data led to the establishment of collaborative working groups addressing issues like isolated ‘v’ lesion and incorporation of omics‐technologies, paving the way for future combination of graft biopsy and molecular parameters within the Banff process.

TL;DR: It is recommended that all renal transplant recipients should be screened for BKV replication in the urine every three months during the first two years posttransplant; and if PVAN and concurrent acute rejection is diagnosed, antirejection treatment should be considered, coupled with subsequently reducing immunosuppression.

TL;DR: Pathology consistent with antibody‐mediated injury can occur and progress in patients with dnDSA in the absence of graft dysfunction and furthermore, nonadherence and cellular rejection contribute to dNDSA development and progression to graft loss.