TL;DR: The radioimmunoassay test showed a fair amount of correlation with the mongoose assay in the analysis of eel tissues, and it is suggested that further studies should aid in the development of a practical, sensitive, simple and specific immunological test for routine examination of ciguatoxin in fishes and for theAnalysis of cigUatoxin structure.

TL;DR: The myotoxicity may be of greater clinical importance than the curarimimetic toxins that have received so much attention heretofore, and shows homology with nontoxic and neurotoxic phospholipases A 2 of vertebrate origin.

TL;DR: The parrotfish flesh collected from the Gambier Islands was extracted by the method adopted for extraction of ciguatoxin and the crude toxin obtained was fractionated by column chromatography using silicic acid and DEAE-cellulose to give an oily substance with a lethality to mice of 0·03 mg per kg.

TL;DR: The affinity of sea snake and elapid snake venom components with neurotoxic activity, and their chemically modified derivatives, to the acetylcholine receptor of ray (Torpedo marmorata) electric organ was studied by following the competition in binding with labelled toxin α from Naja nigricollis venom.

TL;DR: The midget faded rattlesnake venom appears to be one of the most lethal Crotalid venoms in the New World.

TL;DR: Loxosceles reclusa venom has an inhibitory effect in vitro on human neutrophil chemotaxis toward complement-derived chemotaxins, but this effect is limited to the chemotactic response.

TL;DR: Findings show promise of the opossum being an excellent experimental animal for venom research, particularly by identifying its protective mechanisms, as shown in the case of the Indian cobra.

TL;DR: Biochemical separation experiments suggested that although the material was a complex mixture, toxicity and pharmacological activities were associated with a basic protein of approximately 70,000 molecular weight.

TL;DR: Two paralysing preparations were obtained from a homogenate of females of the solitary wasp Microbracon hebetor (Say) using QAE-Sephadex A-50 ion exchange chromatography and compared with the sensitivity of Galleria mellonella (L.) larvae, Apis mellifera L. workers are more sensitive to the A-preparation than to the B-pre preparation.

TL;DR: Oriental hornet venom is a rich source of both phospholipase A and PhB activities, and low Ph activity is detectable in the venom sacs 2 days prior to emergence, with 20-fold higher activities being observed at 5 days of age, while purified substrates showed greater activity at an alkaline pH.

TL;DR: Zetekitoxins were obtained in purified form from skins of the Panamanian frog Atelopus zeteki by a series of steps which used preparative free-flowing electrophoresis in the last stages, and were resistant to toxin obtained from their own skins.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the renin-angiotensin system participates in the hypertensive response to scorpion venom along with the previously demonstrated elevation in circulating catecholamines.

TL;DR: It is concluded that previous demonstrations of proteolytic activities of spider venoms might have resulted from contamination by saliva.

TL;DR: Factor X converting and thrombin-like activities of Bothrops jararaca venom are shown to be due to distinct enzyme proteins as determined by chromatography on Sephadex G-100, isoelectric focusing, disc gel electrophoresis and heat-treatment.

TL;DR: The heat labile cardiotoxic principle had no specific effects on the activity of enzymes involved in active transport of Na+, K+ and Ca2+ which would account for the cardiotoxicity previously ascribed to marked disturbances in the distribution of these ions.

TL;DR: The in vivo cardiotoxicity responsible for lethality can thus be explained in terms of very pronounced changes in ion distribution and subsequent electrophysiological changes.

TL;DR: Experiments with antagonists indicate that the venom of Conus striatus promotes the release of transmitter substances such as acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine from the tissues of the ileum.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the crustacean and the mammal I and II toxins should be considered as possessing only relative affinity to different organisms.

TL;DR: The toxin was found to be heterogeneous concerning charge properties and focused in pH ranges 4·8–5·5 and 7·2–7·9 and Sepharose 2B chromatography resolved two enterotoxins with different specific activities in the intestinal loop test and the adrenal cell test.

TL;DR: Although aflatoxin and T-2 toxin exert severe physiological effects in the chick, no changes in villous architecture in any gut region were observed and the duodenum and ileum were relatively unaffected when compared to control tissue.

TL;DR: Specific neutralizing capacities of the non-precipitating antibody and its papain fragment increased 23- and 27·6-fold, respectively, over that of the antisera, which may lead to a substantial improvement in the therapy of victims of snake bites.

TL;DR: A linear concentration response relationship was found for amylase release from rat pancreatic slices by venom of the scorpion Tityus trinitatis, suggesting that the venom exerts its secretory effect through a cholinergic mechanism which may involve muscarinic receptors.

TL;DR: Evidence is herewith presented to show that sarcophine inhibits the enzyme phosphofructokinase (ATP: d fructose 6-phosphate 1-ph phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.11) purified from rabbit skeletal muscle.

TL;DR: This paper reports on more precise comparisons made of the two neurotoxins and their respective H and L chains by gel filtration, cochromatography, and coelectrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (PAGE-SDS) (WEBER and OsBoRN, 1969).