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  1. Home
  2. Journals
  3. The Social Sciences
  4. 2019
  1. Home
  2. Journals
  3. The Social Sciences
  4. 2019
Showing papers in "The Social Sciences in 2019"
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8090255•
Pragmatism as a Research Paradigm and Its Implications for Social Work Research

[...]

Vibha Kaushik, Christine A. Walsh
01 Sep 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: A critical review and synthesis of the literature regarding pragmatism as a research paradigm is provided in this article, where major philosophical underpinnings and methodological challenges associated with pragmaticism are analyzed.
Abstract: Debates around the issues of knowledge of, and for, social work and other social justice–oriented professions are not uncommon. More prevalent are the discussions around the ways by which social work knowledge is obtained. In recent years, social work scholars have drawn on the epistemology of pragmatism to present a case for its value in the creation of knowledge for social work and other social justice–oriented professions. The primary focus of this essay is on providing a critical review and synthesis of the literature regarding pragmatism as a research paradigm. In this essay, we analyze the major philosophical underpinnings and methodological challenges associated with pragmatism, synthesize the works of scholars who have contributed to the understanding of pragmatism as a research paradigm, articulate our thoughts about how pragmatism fits within social work research, and illustrate how it is linked to the pursuit of social justice. This article brings together a variety of perspectives to argue that pragmatism has the potential to closely engage and empower marginalized and oppressed communities and provide hard evidence for the macro level discourse.

562 citations

Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8050154•
Industry 4.0: A Solution towards Technology Challenges of Sustainable Business Performance

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Muhammad Haseeb, Hafezali Iqbal Hussain, Beata Ślusarczyk, Kittisak Jermsittiparsert
16 May 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this article, a survey has been prepared to collect the data from managers of SMEs and analyzed with the help of Partial Least Square (PLS)-Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
Abstract: Technology adoption is always a difficult task for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) due to lack of resources and other market issues. Many technology challenges adversely affect the sustainable business performance of SMEs. However, the incorporation of Industry 4.0 can overcome various technology issues. The goal of Industry 4.0 is to attain an advanced level of operational effectiveness and productivity, as well as a higher level of automatization. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify the role of Industry 4.0 to promote sustainable business performance in SMEs in Thailand. A survey has been prepared to collect the data from managers of SMEs and analyzed with the help of Partial Least Square. The questionnaire was used to collect the data and questionnaires were distributed by using simple random sampling. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed amongst the managerial staff of SMEs located in Thailand. From these distributed questionnaires, 280 were returned and 270 valid responses were found. Data were analyzed by using Partial Least Square (PLS)-Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Findings reveal that Industry 4.0 is a key to the growth of sustainable business performance among SMEs. Elements of Industry 4.0 such as big data, Internet of Things and smart factory have a positive role in promoting information technology (IT) implementation, which contributes to sustainable business performance. Moreover, organization structure and process strengthen the positive relationship between Industry 4.0 and IT implementation.

424 citations

Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8050148•
Who Will Be the Members of Society 5.0? Towards an Anthropology of Technologically Posthumanized Future Societies

[...]

Matthew E. Gladden
10 May 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the presumed human-centeredness of Society 5.0 by comparing its makeup with that of earlier societies and show that all six categories of prospective human and non-human members have analogues in earlier societies.
Abstract: The Government of Japan’s “Society 5.0” initiative aims to create a cyber-physical society in which (among other things) citizens’ daily lives will be enhanced through increasingly close collaboration with artificially intelligent systems. However, an apparent paradox lies at the heart of efforts to create a more “human-centered” society in which human beings will live alongside a proliferating array of increasingly autonomous social robots and embodied AI. This study seeks to investigate the presumed human-centeredness of Society 5.0 by comparing its makeup with that of earlier societies. By distinguishing “technological” and “non-technological” processes of posthumanization and applying a phenomenological anthropological model, this study demonstrates: (1) how the diverse types of human and non-human members expected to participate in Society 5.0 differ qualitatively from one another; (2) how the dynamics that will shape the membership of Society 5.0 can be conceptualized; and (3) how the anticipated membership of Society 5.0 differs from that of Societies 1.0 through 4.0. This study describes six categories of prospective human and non-human members of Society 5.0 and shows that all six have analogues in earlier societies, which suggests that social scientific analysis of past societies may shed unexpected light on the nature of Society 5.0.

254 citations

Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8030081•
Reconceptualising Children’s Agency as Continuum and Interdependence

[...]

Tatek Abebe
05 Mar 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify and discuss multiple and often contradictory concepts of agency as well as a framework for re-conceptualizing it as a continuum, and as interdependent.
Abstract: Although the idea that children are social actors is well-recognised within childhood studies, the structural contexts shaping child agency and the everyday practices that manifest in children’s social relationships with other generations are not fully elucidated. This article identifies and discusses multiple and often contradictory concepts of agency as well as a framework for re-conceptualizing it as a continuum, and as interdependent. The central argument I make is that there is a need to go beyond the recognition that children are social actors to reveal the contexts and relational processes within which their everyday agency unfolds. It is also vital to ask what kind of agency children have, how they come by and exercise it, and how their agency relates them to their families, communities, and others. The article draws on research and ongoing debates on the life worlds of children in diverse African contexts in order to critically demonstrate how their agency is intersected by experience, societal expectations, gender, geography, stage of childhood, and social maturity. In so doing, the contextualized discussions and reflections have implications to rethink childhood and child agency elsewhere.

186 citations

Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8100273•
Big Data and Human Resources Management: The Rise of Talent Analytics

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Manuela Nocker, Vania Sena
29 Sep 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the benefits and costs associated with the use of talent analytics within an organization as well as highlight the differences between talent analytics and other sub-fields of business analytics.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the opportunities talent analytics offers HR practitioners. As the availability of methodologies for the analysis of large volumes of data has substantially improved over the last ten years, talent analytics has started to be used by organizations to manage their workforce. This paper discusses the benefits and costs associated with the use of talent analytics within an organization as well as to highlight the differences between talent analytics and other sub-fields of business analytics. It will discuss a number of case studies on how talent analytics can improve organizational decision-making. From the case studies, we will identify key channels through which the adoption of talent analytics can improve the performance of the HR function and eventually of the whole organization. While discussing the opportunities that talent analytics offer organizations, this paper highlights the costs (in terms of data governance and ethics) that the widespread use of talent analytics can generate. Finally, it highlights the importance of trust in supporting the successful implementation of talent analytics projects.

137 citations

Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8030084•
Impacts of Internet of Things on Supply Chains: A Framework for Warehousing

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Noha Mostafa, Walaa Hamdy, Hisham Alawady
01 Mar 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a new approach for warehouse management by utilizing one of the main pillars of Industry 4.0, the Internet of Things, which enables the connection of several objects through collecting real-time data and sharing them; the resulting information can then be used to support automated decision-making.
Abstract: The emergence of new digital industrial technology, known as Industry 4.0, has a positive impact on the performance of the supply chain. Warehouses are a basic part of the supply chain; they are used to store products and manage the inventory level. A sound warehouse management system can lead to cost reduction and also can improve customer satisfaction. Traditional warehouse management models have become less efficient and unsuitable for today’s increasing market requirements. For the past decades, information and communication technology has been used for warehouse management. This paper presents a new approach for warehouse management by utilizing one of the main pillars of Industry 4.0, the Internet of Things. This new technology enables the connection of several objects through collecting real-time data and sharing them; the resulting information can then be used to support automated decision-making. The architecture of this application is illustrated and its potential benefits are overviewed. A framework is proposed to implement this approach in warehousing management, which can help in providing real-time visibility of everything in the warehouse, increasing speed and efficiency, and preventing inventory shortage and counterfeiting. This proposal gives an effective roadmap for enterprises to improve their warehouses by using the Internet of Things.

123 citations

Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8060185•
Influence of Emotional Intelligence and Burnout Syndrome on Teachers Well-Being: A Systematic Review

[...]

Pilar Puertas Molero, Félix Zurita Ortega, José Luis Ubago Jiménez, Gabriel González Valero
12 Jun 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a systematic review, paying special attention to the scientific literature that combines emotional intelligence (EI) and burnout syndrome (BS) in the work performance of teachers.
Abstract: Background: Emotional Intelligence (EI) has become a key factor in educational environments, which facilitates and contributes to the mental well-being of teachers, and therefore, favours the teaching and learning process. However, education professionals are under constant stress. This stress is caused by a large number of social interactions, the new skills to be acquired, and the workload, developing in many situations the Burnout Syndrome (BS). Methods and Results: The study presents a systematic review, paying special attention to the scientific literature that combines IE and BS in the work performance of teachers as fundamental factors in the work carried out by educators at different educational stages, as well as the influence they have on the quality of the teaching-learning process. The Web of Science (WOS) has been used as a database, obtaining a total of 36 scientific articles intimately related to the topic of the work, published between 2005 and 2017. Many studies show that teachers are increasingly experiencing high feelings of stress, which affect the quality of education, as well as the relevance of developing emotional intelligence, which helps prevent these negative feelings from appearing. Conclusions: EI is a capacity that should be developed in teachers, since it gives the individual the ability to regulate his emotions, making him stronger in terms of decision-making in daily situations in the teaching environments, as well as being a key factor for the success of education. Through the positive reinforcement of EI, levels of stress and anxiety that worry society so much are reduced, since this avoids the feeling of frustration before their professional realisation, which leads to improved teaching practice, health and mental well-being of teachers.

117 citations

Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8080241•
Identifying the Equilibrium Point between Sustainability Goals and Circular Economy Practices in an Industry 4.0 Manufacturing Context Using Eco-Design

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Fernando E. García-Muiña, Rocío González-Sánchez, Anna Maria Ferrari, Lucrezia Volpi, Martina Pini, Cristina Siligardi, Davide Settembre-Blundo 
01 Aug 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used eco-design as a tool to define the equilibrium point between sustainability and circular economy in the manufacturing environment of ceramic tile production, and to demonstrate how new business opportunities can be created through evolution from a linear to a circular business model, thanks to IoT and Industry 4.0 technologies used as enabling factors.
Abstract: For manufacturing companies, the transition to circular business models (CBMs) can be hampered both by the lack of relevant data and by operational tools. Eco-design, associated with Industry 4.0 IoT (Internet of Things) technologies, can be an effective methodological approach in developing products that are consistent with the principles of the circular economy. The reason is that, in the design phase, decisions are made that can significantly influence the degree of sustainability of products during their lifecycle. Therefore, in the manufacturing environment, eco-design represents an innovative approach to include sustainability among the traditional industrial variables such as functionality, aesthetics, quality, and profit. This study aimed to test eco-design as a tool to define the equilibrium point between sustainability and circular economy in the manufacturing environment of ceramic tile production, and to demonstrate how new business opportunities can be created through evolution from a linear to a circular business model, thanks to IoT and Industry 4.0 technologies used as enabling factors. The main result of this paper was the empirical validation in a manufacturing environment of sustainability paradigms through eco-design tools and digital technologies, proposing the circular business model as an operational tool to promote the competitiveness of enterprises.

115 citations

Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8020058•
The importance of public transport for mobility and everyday activities among rural residents

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Jessica Berg, Jonas Ihlström
16 Feb 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this article, a lack of transport opportunities has been shown to be a barrier for accessibility and social inclusion in contemporary society, in rural and sparsely populated areas, access to public transport is...
Abstract: A lack of transport opportunities has been shown to be a barrier for accessibility and social inclusion in contemporary society. In rural and sparsely populated areas, access to public transport is ...

110 citations

Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8080228•
Keeping People in Place: Political Factors of (Im)mobility and Climate Change

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Caroline Zickgraf
29 Jul 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the socio-cultural and economic nature of immobility as they interact with political forces, specifically by exploring international bilateral agreements (Senegal) and a relocation program (Vietnam).
Abstract: While those ‘trapped’ or who choose to stay in areas affected by climate change represent a substantial policy issue, there only a small amount of empirical work specifically targeting such populations. The scant attention that is afforded to immobility often emphasizes financial constraints as factors driving (involuntary) immobility. As an essential part of the mobility spectrum, the complexity of immobility in crisis, including its political dimensions, warrants thorough investigation. In response to these gaps, this contribution locates environmental immobility within mobilities studies, its conceptual complexities, and, finally, illustrates the importance of political factors in shaping (im)mobilities. The findings are based on semi-structured interviews conducted in two developing countries experiencing the impacts of climate change. We delve into the socio-cultural and economic nature of (im)mobilities as they interact with political forces, specifically by exploring international bilateral agreements (Senegal) and a relocation program (Vietnam). In political spaces that are dominated by a desire to limit human mobility and (re)produce stasis, we challenge traditional dichotomies between mobile/immobile and sedentary/migration polices by underlining how policy interventions can simultaneously promote mobility and immobility, demonstrating complex co-existing mobilities. Keeping people in place can, in fact, mean allowing the very same people to move.

102 citations

Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8040111•
Googling Fashion: Forecasting Fashion Consumer Behaviour Using Google Trends

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Emmanuel Sirimal Silva, Hossein Hassani, Dag Øivind Madsen, Liz Gee
04 Apr 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: The hybrid neural network model (Denoised NNAR) succeeds in outperforming all competing models across all horizons, with a majority of statistically significant outcomes at providing the best forecast for Burberry’s highly seasonal fashion consumer Google Trends.
Abstract: This paper aims to discuss the current state of Google Trends as a useful tool for fashion consumer analytics, show the importance of being able to forecast fashion consumer trends and then presents a univariate forecast evaluation of fashion consumer Google Trends to motivate more academic research in this subject area. Using Burberry—a British luxury fashion house—as an example, we compare several parametric and nonparametric forecasting techniques to determine the best univariate forecasting model for “Burberry” Google Trends. In addition, we also introduce singular spectrum analysis as a useful tool for denoising fashion consumer Google Trends and apply a recently developed hybrid neural network model to generate forecasts. Our initial results indicate that there is no single univariate model (out of ARIMA, exponential smoothing, TBATS, and neural network autoregression) that can provide the best forecast of fashion consumer Google Trends for Burberry across all horizons. In fact, we find neural network autoregression (NNAR) to be the worst contender. We then seek to improve the accuracy of NNAR forecasts for fashion consumer Google Trends via the introduction of singular spectrum analysis for noise reduction in fashion data. The hybrid neural network model (Denoised NNAR) succeeds in outperforming all competing models across all horizons, with a majority of statistically significant outcomes at providing the best forecast for Burberry’s highly seasonal fashion consumer Google Trends. In an era of big data, we show the usefulness of Google Trends, denoising and forecasting consumer behaviour for the fashion industry.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8050143•
Economic, Social Impacts and Operation of Smart Factories in Industry 4.0 Focusing on Simulation and Artificial Intelligence of Collaborating Robots

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Rabab Benotsmane, György Kovács, László Dudás
01 May 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, a real case study is introduced for simulation of the operation of two collaborating robots applying AI, where numerical and graphical modeling and simulation, 3D design, furthermore executing Tabu Search in the space of trajectories, but in some aspects the work included fundamental methods, like suggesting an original whip-lashing analog for designing robot trajectories.
Abstract: Smart Factory is a complex system that integrates the main elements of the Industry 4.0 concept (e.g., autonomous robots, Internet of Things, and Big data). In Smart Factories intelligent robots, tools, and smart workpieces communicate and collaborate with each other continuously, which results in self-organizing and self-optimizing production. The significance of Smart Factories is to make production more competitive, efficient, flexible and sustainable. The purpose of the study is not only the introduction of the concept and operation of the Smart Factories, but at the same time to show the application of Simulation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods in practice. The significance of the study is that the economic and social operational requirements and impacts of Smart Factories are summarized and the characteristics of the traditional factory and the Smart Factory are compared. The most significant added value of the research is that a real case study is introduced for Simulation of the operation of two collaborating robots applying AI. Quantitative research methods are used, such as numerical and graphical modeling and Simulation, 3D design, furthermore executing Tabu Search in the space of trajectories, but in some aspects the work included fundamental methods, like suggesting an original whip-lashing analog for designing robot trajectories. The conclusion of the case study is that—due to using Simulation and AI methods—the motion path of the robot arm is improved, resulting in more than five percent time-savings, which leads to a significant improvement in productivity. It can be concluded that the establishment of Smart Factories will be essential in the future and the application of Simulation and AI methods for collaborating robots are needed for efficient and optimal operation of production processes.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8040124•
Quality Culture of Manufacturing Enterprises: A Possible Way to Adaptation to Industry 4.0

[...]

Pavol Durana, Pavol Kral, Vojtech Stehel, George Lăzăroiu, Włodzimierz Sroka 
19 Apr 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse the typical cultures and quality concepts and detect the factors that differentiate individual quality cultures in Slovakia using data from their own survey; dependences were indicated by means of correspondence analysis and the test of proportion.
Abstract: The concept of Industry 4.0 means a new paradigm of modern manufacturing. This phenomenon requires continuous innovation processes and technological development from each enterprise. Traditional concepts of quality must absorb changes and prepare themselves for new challenges. The studies linked to successful adaptation to Industry 4.0 focus mostly on technical dimensions and forget the impact of organisational culture. One should, however, remember that quality culture plays a crucial role in the organisational culture of manufacturing enterprises with elements of quality management implemented. Developed quality cultures support the innovation environment, which is why it is necessary for the enterprises to identify the current level of their quality culture and detect significant factors that differentiate individual quality cultures and focus on them. Given this fact, the aim of the paper is to analyse the typical cultures and quality concepts and to detect the factors that differentiate individual quality cultures in Slovakia. We use data from our own survey; dependences were indicated by means of correspondence analysis and the test of proportion. The improvement and assurance of quality, the use of information and the overall effectiveness are significant factors detected by the discriminant analysis. The conclusions of the survey may be used by scientific researchers but especially by manufacturing enterprises interested in quality which are coming to terms with the era of Industry 4.0.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8060182•
Third-Generation Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)

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Mateja Mihinjac, Gregory Saville
11 Jun 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) theory and practice by introducing a holistic and integrated crime prevention theory called Third-Generation CPTED, which integrates human motivation and aspirations within a neighbourhood Liveability Hierarchy.
Abstract: This paper advances crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) theory and practice by introducing a holistic and integrated crime prevention theory called Third-Generation CPTED. We use Third-Generation CPTED to expand both the situational focus of traditional CPTED and the social ecology/neighbourhood focus of Second-Generation CPTED, by creating a new theory that integrates human motivation and aspirations within a neighbourhood Liveability Hierarchy. Central to our theory is the planning concept of liveability and, because safety from crime, fear, and victimization is such an integral part of quality of life, we present two underlying themes on which liveability depends: public health and sustainability. We propose some theoretical assumptions and propositions that underpin the theory and suggest areas for future research. Our contention is that a holistic and integrative Third-Generation CPTED elevates liveability from the role of basic infrastructure and habitat to providing residents with opportunities to enhance their own personal aspirations and improve their quality of life.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8050133•
Moving People in a Changing Climate: Lessons from Two Case Studies in Fiji

[...]

Annah E. Piggott-McKellar, Karen E. McNamara, Patrick D. Nunn, Seci T. Sekinini
29 Apr 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this article, the outcomes of climate-induced relocation are assessed in two relocated communities in Fiji, Denimanu and Vunidogoloa, to identify to what extent livelihoods have been either positively or negatively affected by relocation and whether these relocations have successfully reduced exposure to climate-related hazards.
Abstract: High levels of vulnerability to climate change impacts are rendering some places uninhabitable. In Fiji, four communities have already initiated or completed the task of moving their homes and livelihoods to less exposed locations, with numerous more communities earmarked for future relocation. This paper documents people’s lived experiences in two relocated communities in Fiji—Denimanu and Vunidogoloa villages—and assesses the outcomes of the relocations on those directly affected. This study in particular seeks to identify to what extent livelihoods have been either positively or negatively affected by relocation, and whether these relocations have successfully reduced exposure to climate-related hazards. This study shows that planned climate-induced relocations have the potential to improve the livelihoods of affected communities, yet if these relocations are not managed and undertaken carefully, they can lead to unintended negative impacts, including exposure to other hazards. We find that inclusive community involvement in the planning process, regular and intentional monitoring and evaluation, and improving livelihoods through targeted livelihood planning should be accounted for in future relocations to ensure outcomes are beneficial and sustainable.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8070216•
Tourism-Based Circular Economy in Salento (South Italy): A SWOT-ANP Analysis

[...]

Pasquale Marcello Falcone
16 Jul 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors aimed at eliciting, by means of a multi-level perspective, potential drivers and barriers of the tourism industry in order to generate valuable information for policy makers to improve policy strategies for an effective transition towards sustainability A Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats-Analytic Network Process (SWOT-ANP) framework was employed to explore the potential development of a second-generation biorefinery in Salento (a touristic area located in the southeast of Italy in Apulia Region).
Abstract: This paper is aimed at eliciting, by means of a multi-level perspective, potential drivers and barriers of the tourism industry in order to generate valuable information for policy makers to improve policy strategies for an effective transition towards sustainability A Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats–Analytic Network Process (SWOT-ANP) framework was employed to explore the potential development of a second-generation biorefinery in Salento (a touristic area located in the southeast of Italy in Apulia Region) able to integrate waste management, renewable energy and bio-products production based on resource circularity in the tourism industry Results indicate that survey participants recognized a higher level of priority for the pressures coming from the overall external setting involving values, dominant practices, rules and technologies (landscape and regime) over the internal tourism industry dynamics (niche) Results also show that the top five ranked factors are mainly pertaining to weaknesses (excessive bureaucracy and lack of technology and infrastructure) and threats (social acceptability and lack of long-term planning by governments), which can concretely jeopardize the transition towards a greater sustainability in the investigated area The analysis presented constitutes a valuable model for agenda setting in order to find adequate policy actions to promote the transition
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8100281•
Algorithmic Justice in Child Protection: Statistical Fairness, Social Justice and the Implications for Practice

[...]

Emily Keddell
08 Oct 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: This article explores how data that inform child protection algorithms are produced and relates this production to both traditional notions of statistical fairness and broader justice concepts.
Abstract: Algorithmic tools are increasingly used in child protection decision-making. Fairness considerations of algorithmic tools usually focus on statistical fairness, but there are broader justice implications relating to the data used to construct source databases, and how algorithms are incorporated into complex sociotechnical decision-making contexts. This article explores how data that inform child protection algorithms are produced and relates this production to both traditional notions of statistical fairness and broader justice concepts. Predictive tools have a number of challenging problems in the child protection context, as the data that predictive tools draw on do not represent child abuse incidence across the population and child abuse itself is difficult to define, making key decisions that become data variable and subjective. Algorithms using these data have distorted feedback loops and can contain inequalities and biases. The challenge to justice concepts is that individual and group rights to non-discrimination become threatened as the algorithm itself becomes skewed, leading to inaccurate risk predictions drawing on spurious correlations. The right to be treated as an individual is threatened when statistical risk is based on a group categorisation, and the rights of families to understand and participate in the decisions made about them is difficult when they have not consented to data linkage, and the function of the algorithm is obscured by its complexity. The use of uninterpretable algorithmic tools may create ‘moral crumple zones’, where practitioners are held responsible for decisions even when they are partially determined by an algorithm. Many of these criticisms can also be levelled at human decision makers in the child protection system, but the reification of these processes within algorithms render their articulation even more difficult, and can diminish other important relational and ethical aims of social work practice.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8010010•
Go Long or Go Often: Influences on Binge Watching Frequency and Duration among College Students

[...]

Kelly Merrill, Bridget Rubenking
08 Jan 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: This article explored theoretically and empirically grounded predictors of both binge watching frequency and duration of binge watching sessions by means of a survey administered to college undergraduates (N = 651).
Abstract: Binge watching, or serial viewing of a single program over an extended period of time, is a relatively new norm in television viewing that is becoming more popular than traditional appointment viewing. Previous research has explored various influences on binge watching; however, the current research is unique in exploring theoretically and empirically grounded predictors of both binge watching frequency and duration of binge watching sessions by means of a survey administered to college undergraduates (N = 651). Data show that binge watching frequency and duration are predicted by two non-overlapping sets of variables. Binge watching frequency was predicted by low self-regulation, greater tendency to use binge watching as both a reward and a form of procrastination, and less regret; while binge watching duration was associated with being female and experiencing greater enjoyment while binging. Self-control did not predict either binge watching frequency or duration, suggesting that alternative theoretical models should be explored. Findings also suggest that scholars should reconceptualize binge watching by including both frequency and duration measures in future studies.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8050159•
Adopting Circular Economy at the European Union Level and Its Impact on Economic Growth

[...]

Mihail Busu
24 May 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the economic factors that are at the basis of the development of circular economy at the European Union level, starting with the recycling rate of municipal waste, human capital, productivity of the resources, and green energy use.
Abstract: Based on the findings of the economic studies on the implications of industrialization in the case of growing economies, this study aims to present the economic factors that are at the basis of the development of circular economy at the European Union level. Starting with the model of economic growth based on the recycling rate of municipal waste, human capital, productivity of the resources, and green energy use, three statistical hypotheses were validated through a panel data model with the use of EViews 10 statistical software. The analysis was conducted for 27 European Union countries during the time frame 2008–2017. The paper highlights that the circular economy model is determined by resource productivity, labor employed in environmental protection, recycling rate of municipal waste, and renewable energy use.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8020044•
Child-Led Research: Questioning Knowledge

[...]

Patricio Cuevas-Parra, E. Kay M. Tisdall1•
University of Edinburgh1
31 Jan 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: The authors explored what counts as knowledge in social science research within contexts of generational difference and power and explored the meaning and implications of "child-led research" in the context of generational differences and power.
Abstract: Over the last twenty years, childhood studies has challenged the schooled and developmental models of childhood. The children’s rights agenda has combined with academic childhood studies, to emphasise that children are and can be social actors and to seek ways to recognise and support their participation rights. For those who promote the participation of children and young people, there is considerable enthusiasm to involve them in all research stages—from research planning, fieldwork, and analysis to dissemination, leading to growth in what is often called ‘child-led research’. This article draws upon an empirical study of ‘child-led research’ projects, undertaken in Bangladesh, Jordan and Lebanon, for a critical examination of the meanings and implications of ‘child-led research’. In particular, this paper explores what counts as knowledge in social science research within contexts of generational difference and power.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8120328•
Adopting a Circular Economy: Current Practices and Future Perspectives

[...]

Idiano D’Adamo
09 Dec 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this article, the authors underline the relevance of the Circular Economy models in the scientific field and its applications in real contexts in order to achieve sustainability goals and highlight the importance of this model in the real world.
Abstract: All scientists, researchers, and citizens are involved in achieving sustainable goals. Their current actions contribute to writing a story for future generations, and interesting perspectives can be narrated based only on a great sense of social responsibility. The literature gives a great deal of attention to the models of a Circular Economy (CE). This topic is multidisciplinary and different sectors are involved in its development. This Special Issue aims to underline the relevance of the CE models in the scientific field and its applications in real contexts in order to achieve sustainability goals.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8050150•
Perceptions of the Public Transport Service as a Barrier to the Adoption of Public Transport: A Qualitative Study

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Sara Ramos, Paula Vicente, Ana Passos, Patrícia Costa, Elizabeth Reis 
01 May 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, a qualitative study involving users of public transportation in the metropolitan area of Lisbon in order to obtain a deeper understanding of attitudes towards public transport and to explore perceptions of the public transport service.
Abstract: This article presents the outcomes of a qualitative study involving users of public transportation in the metropolitan area of Lisbon in order to obtain a deeper understanding of attitudes towards public transport and to explore perceptions of the public transport service. It is important to know what people think and feel about public transport so that strategies can be designed to attract people to public transport. Ethnographic interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to identify factors that potentially influence people’s perceptions and determine their satisfaction, or dissatisfaction with the public transport service. The key findings suggest that public transport usage would increase if the level of service was brought in line with users’ expectations; more specifically, there should be a better connection between inter-modal options, more compliance with timetables, and a more appropriate response to users’ needs.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8030098•
Influence of Family Variables on Cyberbullying Perpetration and Victimization: A Systematic Literature Review

[...]

Leticia López-Castro, Diana Priegue
15 Mar 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the role played by family variables on cyberbullying perpetration and victimization was investigated, especially in terms of relational family processes, and the most consistent variables are family communication and the quality of the family relationship.
Abstract: In recent years, the number of studies conducted on the influence of family variables on cyberbullying perpetration and victimization has increased, especially in terms of relational family processes. The present review investigates the role played by family variables on cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. A systematic literature review was conducted in five databases (ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, ERIC, and Web of Science) from October 2016 to October 2018. During this brief period of time, the number of publications on family variables and cyberbullying, both perpetration and victimization, has significantly increased. We eventually reviewed 34 studies which rigorously met the selection criteria of our research. For the analysis of the results, we distinguish between two types of variables according to the following possibilities of pedagogical intervention: Structural (contextual family variables and individual parental processes), and dynamic (relational family processes). Our review found evidence that there is more controversy around structural variables than around dynamic variables. The most consistent variables are family communication and the quality of the family relationship. However, there is a perceived need for clarifying the influence that different structural variables, parental educational styles, and parental mediation exert on the prevention and consolidation of cyberbullying perpetration and cybervictimization.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8070202•
Simulation of Innovative Systems under Industry 4.0 Conditions

[...]

Nestor Shpak, Mykola Odrekhivskyi, Kateryna Doroshkevych, Włodzimierz Sroka
28 Jun 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In the simulation of IS under the conditions of Industry 4.0, the description of the subsystems by a number of sets is proposed and using the mathematical apparatus of the theory of Markov chains to study the dynamic and static characteristics of the states of the IS is proposed.
Abstract: The world is at the threshold of the fourth industrial revolution, which has already begun. It requires enterprises and even sectors to move toward Industry 4.0. Innovative systems (IS) play an important role in this process. In the article, the innovative systems in Industry 4.0 are considered to be complex systems whose components have a lot of tasks; in particular, to produce innovative policy; to provide the subjects of innovative activity with the necessary resources; to participate directly in the process of creation, commercialization, and the practical use of new knowledge; to implement integration approaches between these processes, etc. The complexity of the innovation system leads to the development of modern approaches to their modeling, as a tool for further designing, creating, and modifying real innovative systems of different levels of organization under the conditions of Industry 4.0. In the simulation of IS under the conditions of Industry 4.0, the description of the subsystems by a number of sets is proposed. The model is described by the graph of relationships, including the abstract level of the hierarchical model of IS, its elements, indicators and their values, functions, actions and operations, their states and efficiency, and the tree of goals. In order to make optimal solutions, using the mathematical apparatus of the theory of Markov chains to study the dynamic and static characteristics of the states of the IS is proposed. This approach can be widely used in the simulation, designing, development, and rebuilding of IS at different levels of an organization.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8010019•
An Experimental Examination of Binge Watching and Narrative Engagement

[...]

Sarah E. Erickson, Sonya Dal Cin, Hannah Byl
11 Jan 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: This article used an experimental approach to test the effect of the format of exposure to media narratives (binge or non-binge) on audience engagement, specifically parasocial relationships with favorite characters and narrative transportation.
Abstract: Increasingly, audiences are engaging with media narratives through the practice of binge watching. The effects of binge watching are largely unknown, although early research suggests binge watching may be motivated by a need for escape and could be associated with some qualities of addiction. In this study, we ask whether the practice of binge watching impacts audience engagement with a media narrative. Using an experimental approach, we manipulate the format of exposure to media narratives (binge or nonbinge) and test the effect of this manipulation on audience engagement, specifically parasocial relationships with favorite characters and narrative transportation. Results suggest that binge watching increases the strength of parasocial relationships and the intensity of narrative transportation. Media engagement has been shown to increase media effects, suggesting that binge watching could change not only how audiences engage with narrative media but also the effect it has on them.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8040127•
Community Protections in American Indian and Alaska Native Participatory Research-A Scoping Review.

[...]

Julie A. Beans1, Bobby Saunkeah, R. Brian Woodbury1, Terry S. Ketchum2, Paul Spicer2, Vanessa Y. Hiratsuka1 •
Southcentral Foundation1, University of Oklahoma2
01 Apr 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: The extent and consistency to which community-level protections are described is variable; the current literature lacks reporting on community- level protection practices specific to tribal communities.
Abstract: Experiences with unethical research practices have caused some American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) individuals, organizations, and tribes to mistrust health research. To build trust and repair relationships, current research with AIAN peoples often involves participatory research (PR) approaches. This article assesses community-level protections described in the scientific literature on PR involving AIAN communities. A scoping review search in PubMed and PsychInfo for articles published between January 2000 and June 2017 yielded an AIAN PR article dataset. Of 178 articles, a subset of 23 articles that described aspects of community protections were analyzed for descriptions of community-level protection practices. We identified the presence or absence of a description of four community protection measures in each article: a tribal research department, the development of community-level mechanisms for research regulation if not present, community collaboration throughout the research process, and project employment of a community member. The development of community-level mechanisms for research regulation was described in 39% of the articles. Ninety-one percent of these articles described community collaboration during the research process. Seventeen percent included descriptions of all four community-level protection measures. The extent and consistency to which community-level protections are described is variable; the current literature lacks reporting on community-level protection practices specific to tribal communities.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8080223•
Big Data in Education. A Bibliometric Review

[...]

José-Antonio Marín-Marín, Jesús López-Belmonte, Juan-Miguel Fernández-Campoy, José-María Romero-Rodríguez
25 Jul 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, a bibliometric study was carried out on a sample of 1491 scientific documents to analyze the scientific production on Big Data in education in the databases Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, ERIC, and PsycINFO.
Abstract: The handling of a large amount of data to analyze certain behaviors is reaching a great popularity in the decade 2010–2020. This phenomenon has been called Big Data. In the field of education, the analysis of this large amount of data, generated to a greater extent by students, has begun to be introduced in order to improve the teaching–learning process. In this paper, it was proposed as an objective to analyze the scientific production on Big Data in education in the databases Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, ERIC, and PsycINFO. A bibliometric study was carried out on a sample of 1491 scientific documents. Among the results, the increase in publications in 2017 and the configuration of certain journals, countries and authors as references in the subject matter stand out. Finally, potential explanations for the study findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8090244•
Millennial Perceptions of Fast Fashion and Second-Hand Clothing: An Exploration of Clothing Preferences Using Q Methodology

[...]

Katelyn Sorensen, Jennifer Johnson Jorgensen
01 Aug 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore and compare Millennials' perceptions of inexpensive fast fashion and second-hand apparel and find that there are varied perceptions across the Millennial generation, which resulted in the emergence of four distinct factors for both fast-fashion and secondhand apparel.
Abstract: Millennials are becoming more conscientious of the products they buy, as well as the social and environmental implications behind them. However, Millennials with low discretionary incomes have limited choices in today’s marketplace, and it is unclear as to how these consumers perceive low-cost apparel options, including fast fashion apparel and second-hand apparel. The purpose of this study is to explore and compare Millennials’ perceptions of inexpensive fast fashion and second-hand apparel. The Q methodology was employed to determine patterns among perceptions. Participants sorted 14 statements describing ideal clothing items into a Q sort grid. The Q sort grid forced participants to rank statements by the degree to which they agree (or disagree). Once the Q sort grid was completed, participants shared their thoughts (qualitatively) as to why they ranked each statement the way that they did. The findings indicate that there are varied perceptions across the Millennial generation, which resulted in the emergence of four distinct factors for both fast fashion and second-hand apparel. The findings of this study are extensive. Fast fashion retailers and consignment shops will need to update their future strategies in order to target the Millennial generation.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8080224•
New Materialist Perspectives on Sex Robots. A Feminist Dystopia/Utopia?

[...]

Tanja Kubes
26 Jul 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: The very possibility of robot sex is put on a level with slavery or prostitution and is rejected as a continuation of male dominance over women as mentioned in this paper, and a queer alternative to this outright rejection is presented.
Abstract: Feminist discourses on sex robots and robot sex largely focus on the dystopian fear of an exponentiation of hegemonic masculinity. The very possibility of robot sex is put on a level with slavery or prostitution and is rejected as a continuation of male dominance over women. Proceeding from a feminist new materialist perspective and building both on the refutation of normative definitions of sex and a general openness to the manifold variants consenting adults can engage in in sexual matters, the article presents a queer alternative to this outright rejection. Leaving the beaten tracks of pornographic mimicry, sex robots may in fact enable new liberated forms of sexual pleasure beyond fixed normalizations, thus contributing to a sex-positive utopian future.
Journal Article•10.3390/SOCSCI8010025•
The Role of Family in Bullying and Cyberbullying Involvement: Examining a New Typology of Parental Education Management Based on Adolescents’ View of Their Parents

[...]

Olga Gómez-Ortiz, Carmen Apolinario, Eva M. Romera, Rosario Ortega-Ruiz
15 Jan 2019-The Social Sciences
TL;DR: In this article, the authors put forward a categorization of the current educational management of Spanish parents and examined how this is linked to their children's involvement in bullying and cyberbullying.
Abstract: The influence of the family in children’s involvement in bullying and cyberbullying has been well documented. However, previous research into this relationship seems to have overlooked recent social changes, which have affected the family context. The aim of this study is to put forward a categorization of the current educational management of Spanish parents and examine how this is linked to their children’s involvement in bullying and cyberbullying. To achieve this, 2060 schoolchildren from the South of Spain (47.9% girls with mean age = 14.34) answered four questionnaires including the Scale for the Assessment of the Parenting Styles of Adolescents’ Mothers and Fathers, the Discipline Dimensions Inventory, the European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire, and the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire. The Cluster Analysis results revealed a typology containing six styles: permissive, authoritarian, strict, normative democratic, indulgent democratic, and punitive democratic. Lower levels of victimization and aggression in bullying and cyberbullying were found to be linked to the indulgent democratic or normative democratic styles and higher levels to the authoritarian and strict styles. The value of parents’ educational practices and how they are combined in general styles, since these are elements that can predispose or prevent adolescent’s involvement in bullying and cyberbullying, is discussed.
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