Abstract: Resistance monitoring for diamondback moth on chlorantraniliprole was conducted by Institute of Plant Protection,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2009 to 2011 in South China,including Lianzhou﹑Huizhou﹑Foshan and Guangzhou cities in Guangdong province,Liuzhou city in Guangxi province and Xinfeng city in Jiangxi province.The results showed that,compared with toxicity baseline of susceptible population which was reared in lab more than six years(LC50=0.13 mg/L),all of the field populations showed high sensitivity to chlorantraniliprole in 2009.However,one field population showed sensitivity decline and another field population even showed a low-level resistance in 2010.In 2011,medium-level resistance also tested additional.It is means that the development of diamondback resistance to chlorantraniliprole was raised significantly.Then,a field population in Zengchen country,Guangzhou city was collected and lab testing showed that had high-level resistance,the LC50 of previous generation larvae and F1 generation larvae was 78.78 mg/L(resistance ratio was 606.00) and 59.14 mg/L(resistance index was 454.92) respectively.Analysis the causal factors that leading to the development of diamondback resistance to chlorantraniliprole.Over-dependency on chlorantraniliprole,over dosing,lack of a sound rotation program and continuous plantings maybe are some of the key factors leading to insect resistance.

Abstract: On basis of average annual monitoring data of four monitoring sections in Quxian part of Qujiang river from 2006 to 2010,selecting TP,NH3-N,CODMn,BOD5 and DO as evaluation factors,water environment quality and space-time variety of the river was evaluated by using gray relational model.First,by way of normalizing the surface water environment quality classification standard and measured values of four monitoring sections,then calculating the correlation coefficient of the different water quality indexes of each section and year,finally calculating the relational grades of water quality indexes of each section and year.The results indicated that the water quality of four monitoring sections come up to functional classification standards.The water quality of A section retained Ⅰ level standard in five years,without obvious change.The water quality of B and C sections have some fluctuation in Ⅰ level and Ⅱ level standard.The class of water pollution of D section are on the rise from Ⅱ to Ⅲ level standard.The analysis suggested to improve the sewage treatment rate,optimize the treatment process,control the pollution of Industrial,agriculture,city life and rural life,plan the river ecosystem restoration.

Abstract: The intramuscular fat(IMF) is an important indicator to measure the quality of pork.Monitoring the change of IMF contributes to swine farming and breeding.This research took 42 B-scan ultrasonic images of Duroc pigs as objects of study.First,a slice from the 10th to the 11th rib loin interface was used to determine carcass loin intramuscular fat percentage(CIMF) after harvest.Then CIMF were used to calculate the image segmentation threshold.Second,extracted 8 image parameters related to thresholds from B-scan images.And author built a model to predict new thresholds using multiple linear regression analysis with old thresholds as the dependent variable,8 image parameters as independent variable.Finally,the new thresholds were used to predict loin intramuscular fat percentage(PIMF).The results showed that,the product moment coefficient and rank correlation coefficients between PIMF and CIMF were 0.67 and 0.69.After likelihood ratio test,the difference was significant.

Abstract: As soil cadmium pollution has been more seriously in recent years,the bioremediation of cadmium pollution has received more concernsArbuscular mycorrhiza(AM) represents the most widely distributed mutualistic root-fungus symbiosis in terrestrial ecosystemsIt's been evidenced that AM can promote plant growth,enhance plant tolerance to heavy metals,influence uptake,transport and accumulation of heavy metals by plants,and thus indicating a huge potential for phytoremediation of heavy metal-polluted soilThe direct and indirect mechanisms underlying remediation of cadmium-polluted soil using AM and the application of AM in phytoremediation were reviewed and some future research directions in this field were suggested

Abstract: Food nitrogen footprint in Guangzhou was calculated and its trend was analyzed.The results showed that food nitrogen footprint changed with consumption pattern and some other related factors during 1980—2009.Recently food nitrogen footprint had decreased to 25.98 kg(N)·cap-1·a-1,lower than the average of developed country.Guangzhou has passed its turning point(PGDP 10 560 Yuan),but the consumption structure remained unreasonable.Analysis of food nitrogen footprint was helpful to balance food supply structure,and identified the problems of agricultural sustainable development and provided useful policy proposals for decision-making.

Abstract: DDT,hexachlorobenzene,pentachlorophenol,sodium pentachlorophenol,chlordane,mirex,toxaphene,dicofol and DDT in marine antifouling paints and POPs mixture were investigated during the last three-year investigation in the whole of Guangdong province including two Vice-level cities and 19 prefecture-level cities and received a total of 795 copies of valid questionnaires.The results showed that having no insecticide POPs manufacturer in Guangdong.In agriculture,health and epidemic prevention and termite control fields,and even the chemical industry have been still used part of the POPs pesticides.Meanwhile,pesticides POPs present in the different warehouses.

Abstract: Alien invasive species giving significant impacts on economy,ecology,and social security,and currently is become one of the factors seriously threatened the biodiversity worldwide.Crofton weed,Ageratina adenophora is a perennial shrub native to Mexico,and now,is a major invasive weed in many regions of the world,invading both natural and agricultural ecosystems.The present paper summarized the distribution areas of the weed in China,considered on the basis of the characteristics of various invaded habitats and wide range of A.adenophora,its regional sustainable management strategies including artificial pull out the weeds,chemical control,biological control and displacement using native plants were put forwarded.

Abstract: The concept of poverty experienced the extension from unidimension to multidimensionThe limitations of traditional unidimensional approach made it unable to understand the phenomenon of poverty,and multidimensional approach helped us to understand the essential characteristics of the poor,including the complexity,ambiguity and permeabilityIn this paper,taking the perspective of multidimensional,we briefly reviewed the concept and approach of multidimensional poverty measurement,and measured the household poverty of 9 villages in the dimension of income,education,health and social relations by the Alkire-Foster dual cut-off approachThe results showed that 33% of 9 village households were of poverty at least four dimensions,higher than China's national poverty rate of 28% in 2010,and the average poverty rate of farmers in the education,health,housing dimensions was higher,the multidimensional poverty of different villages was heterogeneous,Yunti village in Sichuan and Nanmei village in Yunnan had a higher incidence of multidimensional poverty,the average incidence of multidimensional poverty were more than 20%Rural poverty reduction policies need to take into account education,health and housing,and make the development more inclusive

Abstract: Through investigation and sampling,laboratory analysis of the rural solid waste(RSW) in typical area of Chengdu,the results showed that the production rates of RSW in the plain of Wanchun Town and hilly areas of Wanxing Town were 0.340 kg/d per capita and 0.194 kg/d per capita respectively,which were less than municipal solid wastes.RSW in the region was mainly composed of kitchen waste,accounting for 39.34% and 82.49% of the total RSW by weight respectively,and was mainly related to economic development level,geographical position.The moisture content,biodegradability and calorific value of solid waste in different areas also varied,the main factor was the difference in composition of garbage.Waste recycling,composting,incineration,landfill,etc.could be combined according to the characteristics of RSW,and treatment practice in situ,then classified collection and treatment mode was recommended on the basis of questionnaire for villagers.

Abstract: The host plant species and damage degree of L.trifolii were investigated.The results showed that L.trifolii preferred to damage fourteen plant species,which belong to six families.The major hosts were Gerbera jamesonii Bolus,Chysanthemum coronarium L.,Lactuca sativa L.of Compositae,Apium graveolens L.var.dullce DC and Petroselinum hortens Hoffm.of Umbelliferae,Vigna sesquipedalis Koern and Phaseolus vulgaris L.of Leguminosae,Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.and Lycopersicum chinense Mill.of Solanaceae,Benincasa hispida(Thunb.) Cogn.,Cucurbita pepo L.and Cucumis sativus L.of Cucurbitaceae,Brassica alboglabra Bail.and Brassica chinensis Linn.of Brassicaceae.There was no damage on the other species in Guangdong spring vegetables field.

Abstract: Large-scale management is a very important factor to impact agricultural carbon emissions,so the study of the influence mechanism of large-scale management to agricultural carbon emissions would promote the reduction of agricultural carbon emissions by a big step.After the theoretical analysis,we think the influence of large-scale management on agricultural carbon emissions is realized by acting on the specific activity of agricultural production,including the produce and use of fertilizer and pesticide,field irrigation,the use of farm machinery,the use of straw and so on.After the scientific calculation and analysis,we think the most impact of large-scale management to agricultural carbon emissions is the use of straw,after is the produce and use of fertilizer,the use of farm machinery,field irrigation,and the produce and use of pesticide.To promote the progress of agricultural carbon emissions,states should pay attention to some points when we put large-scale management into effect,about to enhance the rate of multipurpose utilization of straw,reduce the amount of the produce and use of fertilizer and pesticide,carry on trickle irrigation or other water-saving irrigations,elevate the utilization ratio of farm machinery and so on.

Abstract: There is a large area of selenium-rich soil in Leping city,Jiangxi province.The comparative study on the selenium-enriching ability of different types of vegetable in Leping was conducted.The results showed that the vegetable of shallot and garlic type had the highest selenium content among different types of vegetable;the selenium-enriching ability of the studied vegetable species had the following sequence: leeksweet potato garlic taroharicot beancowpeacapsicumbalsam peartowel gourdeggplant.

Abstract: The volatile oil from the heartwood of Dalbergiae odoriferae TChen was extracted by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus,and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)A total of sixteen compounds,constituting over 9804% of the total oil,were identified from the volatile oilThe major components of volatile oil were caryophyllene oxide(5422%),7,11-dimethyl-10-dodecen-1-ol(1411%),6,11-dimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol(1024%) and nerolidol(1022%)In addition,antibacterial activity of the volatile oil was evaluatedThe oil showed activity against Saureus and MRSA

Abstract: The effect of Glycine betaine(GB) on chilling injury of hot pepper during cold storage was studied in this paperThe results showed that 5 mmol/L GB treatment could effectively prevent the occurrence of chilling injury,improved the storage quality of pepper,delayed the degradation of chlorophyll and the decline of Vc contentIn addition,the raise of cell membrane permeability and the accumulation of MDA content as well as the LOX activity were inhabited,the activities of POD and CAT were also maintained at a high level when stored at 3℃

Abstract: The physicochemical component contents in the fruits of 8 blueberry varieties were detected,the results indicated that there were obvious differences in the physicochemical component contents among different varieties.The ratio of sugar to acid was between 10.12% and 18.61%,and the content of superoxide dismutase(SOD) was between 2.8×104 and 3.7×104 U/kg.The content of K,Mg,Ca,Fe and Zn element was high,and the content of vitamin B1,B2,B6 and Ve was abundant.The total content of anthocyanin in blueberry varieties Brightwell,Gardenblue and Powderblue was 187.84,350.76 and 269.67 mg/100g,respectively.Furthermore,the paper evaluated the function of every physicochemical component of blueberry.

Abstract: In this paper,the research status of Phosphorous(P) accumulation phenomenon,fixation,transformation,and loss potential in paddy soils were summarized.The security and amount of P application in paddy were discussed too.Some suggestions for the rational application of P were put forward.

Abstract: The author studied the sensory quality,free amino acid content and nucleotide content of chicken soup,which was made of different chicken breeds(the north Jiangsu traditional chicken,Xueshan chicken and 817 broiler).The results showed that there was no obvious difference in the sensory flavor of chicken soup made of the same chicken breed between the treatment of aging for 0.5 h and the treatment of aging for 24 h after being slaughtered,but significant differences in the sensory flavor of chicken soup were found among different chicken breeds.The chicken soup of the north Jiangsu traditional chicken tasted and smelled better,that of Xueshan chicken had slightly insufficient flavor and better meat texture,and that of 817 broiler had a relatively poorer flavor.The content of free amino acid in chicken soup increased with the increase of the aging time after being slaughtered.The chicken soup of different chicken breeds had significantly different free amino acid content.The nucleotide(especially CMP,IMP and AMP) content in different kinds of chicken soup was markedly different,and it exhibited the following sequence: the north Jiangsu traditional chicken Xueshan chicken 817 broiler.Therefore,the chicken soup of the north Jiangsu traditional chicken had the best overall flavor,followed by that of Xueshan chicken,and that of 817 broiler had worse flavor.

Abstract: In order to find the effective approaches to reduce agricultural non-point source pollution at microcosmic level,this paper analyzed the farmer's behavior in chemical fertilizer input by statistical analysis and establishing the econometric model method.It was found that the following measures could reduce farmer's chemical fertilizer input level,and control and decrease the non-point source pollution stress due to excessive chemical fertilizer input: raising farmer's environmental risk cognition level,reducing land fragmentation degree,enhancing the adopting rate of soil testing and formula fertilization technique,realizing farmer's farming in appropriate scale.Based on the above conclusions,this article proposed some relevant countermeasures and suggestions,such as raising farmer's environmental risk cognition level,advancing the land transfer,enlarging the popularization of soil testing and formula fertilization technique,strengthening the management of chemical fertilizer market and so on.

Abstract: This research was conducted to study the influence of different kinds of weeds to rice yield in paddy field by settings grass weeds plots,sedge plots,broadleaf weeds plots and mixed weeds plots.The results showed that weed density of grass weeds plots was 102.8 stem/m2 mainly constituted by Echinochloa crusgalli with yield loss of 65.09%;weed density of sedge plots was 240.2 stem/m2 mainly constituted by Cyperus difformis with yield loss of 56.82%;weed density of broadleaf weeds plots was 183.6 stem/m2 mainly constituted by Rotala indica with yield loss of 31.84%.Weed density of mixed weeds plots was 253.2 stem/m2 mainly constituted by Echinochloa crusgalli,Cyperus difformis and Rotala indica with yield loss of 70.51%.There was significant difference among the rice yield of grass weeds plots,sedge plots and broadleaf weeds plots.The damage rate per stem caused by grass weeds was the largest,followed by sedge and broadleaf weeds

Abstract: Aeroponic cultivation is one of the best cultivation modes to solve the contradiction between water and air in the root system of plants.In order to solve some problems in the current aeroponic cultivation,such as larger diameter,strong momentum and low spray evenness of droplets,this paper introduced a new ultrasonic aeroponic cultivation device.This device was a combination of ultrasonic aeroponic technology and plant cultivation system.The water mist formed by the device could float around the root system and stay for more than 1 min in the air,and make the root system uniformly absorb the nutriment and moisture.In addition,the results of lettuce cultivation experiment showed that this device consumed water 70% less than water cultivation device,it could increase the rhizospheric temperature of the plants by 4~7 ℃,and significantly enhance the root vigor of lettuce plants in winter production.

Abstract: The effects of negative pressure on yeast reproductive capacity,yeast morphology,fermentation performance,fermentation byproduct in the coupling process of ethanol fermentation and separation were studied.The results showed that negative pressure had a certain influence on the reproductive capacity and morphology of yeast by plate and microscopic observation,and the maximum ethanol concentration and ethanol productivity of the samples in negative pressure treatment were higher than those in the control.During pumping the air,a part of sugar was transformed into cell maintenance energy,which was proved by metabolic flux analysis.According to the results of fermentation experiment,the yeast fermentation kinetic model was established.

Abstract: The predation of adult Harpactor fuscipes on the third instars of Helicoverpa assulta and Spodoptera litura was studied in laboratory.The results showed that the functional response of adults of H.fuscipes to the second instars of H.assulta and Sp.litura was fitted to Holling II-type equation,i.e.,Na=0.4275Nt/(1+0.0041Nt) on H.assulta,Na=0.4665Nt/(1+0.0036 Nt) on Sp.litura.The predation capacity of H.fuscipes on H.assulta and Sp.litura was strongly interfered by its own density,and the relationship between predation efficiency and intraspecific interference could be described with Hassell model.The predation rate of H.fuscipes was positively related with prey densities,as its searching efficiency was negatively associated with prey densities.

Abstract: In order to describe the complex nonlinear relationship between yield and the six factors,including soil nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K) concentration and N,P,K fertilizer input,we have improved the original BP neural network.Firstly,by revising the parameters,namely weight value and threshold value of ANN repeatedly with Simulated Annealing(SA),the performance of ANN was improved tremendously.Secondly,we adopted Genetic Algorithm(GA) to improve the same parameters of the neural network.At last,we compared the performances between the two methods and made the conclusion that the BP neural network which is based on Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm has a better performance.

Abstract: A lot of safety problems in human living environment caused by sulfonamides using in mass of livestock farming,especially when it got through the drinking water,food and other way into the food chain.This article expounded sulfonamides environmental behavior and the research status of cut control technology,and proposed the future research focus and direction based on the understanding sulfonamides basic properties,classification and its damage.

Abstract: Through the main crops,cultivated area and agricultural input data,the land of carbon sources and sinks of Liaoning province from year 2003 to 2010 were accounted.Application of current land use classification and the statistical yearbook of Liaoning province in the industry energy consumption data,the industry energy consumption and the corresponding relationship between the types of land use were established.Meanwhile the commercial take,residential land and other land use types of carbon source of Liaoning province from 2003 to 2010 were accounted.By analyzing the accounting data,it was found that since year 2003 Liaoning province carbon source gross showed great growth trend,from 92 769.1 thousand t to 114 711.5 thousand t from 2003 to 2010,the growth was 23.75%.Among them industrial warehouse land carbon source accounted for the highest proportion of total carbon source,which took up 77.59% at 2010,and followed by the cultivated land,residential land,commercial use of land,land for transportation.Carbon emissions had changed from 6.25 t/hm2 to 7.73 t/hm2 in 2003 to 2010 of Liaoning province.From the year 2003 to 2010,Liaoning's Carbon uptake showed a slight change,from 2003's 32 943.8 thousand t reduced to 2010's 32 886.9 thousand t.

Abstract: The length of juvenile period is the obstacle for the crossing breeding of fruit treesThe studies for juvenile period of fruit trees had been further improved in recent yearsIt had made great progress in morphology,cytology,physiology and biochemistry,as well as molecular biologyThe advances of research on juvenile period,covering the concepts,length of juvenile period,index of juvenile span,performance of juvenile trait,mechanism and cultivation of breeding materials with extremely short juvenile period,and also made a suggestion for further study

Abstract: Tea polyphenols of 0、83、166、333、666 mg/kg were added in diets respectively and given to feed Oreochromis niloticus.The growth performance,anti-oxidant effect and non-specific immune indices of O.niloticus were also analyzed.The results showed that WGR and SGR of group 166 mg/kg were increased by 16.99% and 7.72% separately than that of the control group and the FCR was not significantly different.The immune indices were effected by tea polyphenols.The phagocytic index and serum lysozyme activity of group 166 mg/kg were increased by 97% and 51.8% separately,this dose of tea polyphenols could also improve SOD activity.The liver CAT activity of 333 mg/kg was increased but the GSH-Px activity of liver,serum and muscle were not significantly differen.