Abstract: A method is developed by which images resulting from orthogonal projection of rigid planar-patch objects arbitrarily oriented in three-dimensional (3-D) space may be used to form systems of linear equations which are solved for the affine transform relating the images. The technique is applicable to complete images and to unlabeled feature sets derived from images, and with small modification may be used to transform images of unknown objects such that they represent images of those objects from a known orientation, for use in object identification. No knowledge of point correspondence between images is required. Theoretical development of the method and experimental results are presented. The method is shown to be computationally efficient, requiring O(N) multiplications and additions where, depending on the computation algorithm, N may equal the number of object or edge picture elements.

Abstract: December 1978. At a mostly male conference I hug. chat. eat. drink. listen with my sisters in philosoph! My body avalanches from its recent maternal svvellinps to the plateaus of a folded uterus. milkless breasts. 1 left my baby daughter in Chicago. who used to suckle 90 minutes at a time while I read T/W U’ornen’s Room. For the first time in fifteen months that warm red flow moves through my clitoral canals. No quiet transition. but a body revolution throbbing my back and neck. Clouded in this privately womanstate. I glide around the chandeliered ballroom finding one vvoman’s face and another and another. Fervently u’e comerse about the da\\‘5 papers and each other’s questions. M’s catch up on the news about each other’s lovers or children or jobs. That night in m! restless sleep 1 dream. A ballroom filled with women. hundreds under the chandeliers. a reception after business at the Societ! for \\.omcn in Phil!-\\oph: 1 flit from one group of women to another. in smiling comfort. As I turn to find another friend I see her tall figure across the room. as though o\\,erlookinp the sisterl!, crowd: Simone de Beauvoir. Then. lust hefore I \\yake. a single object. shimmerins: a glass of milk. No other u’oman can occup! our dreams as the mother of feminist philosophi (n,ho in her time. in her view. could only be a writing mother b! leaving her hod! out of motherinr. and I think she was right). Yet most feminists-in the U.S. today find irredeemable flaws in Beauvoir’s star!’ of women’s oppression and her hope for liberation. L+‘hat has happened between the childhood and puberty of our feminist revolution? In this essay I explore the shift in feminist thinking from a Beauvoirian sort of position which I define as humanist feminism to an analysis which I call gyocentric feminism. Humanist feminism defines women’s oppression as the inhibition and distortion of women’s human potential b!, a society that allo\\vs the self-development of men. Most feminists of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. including feminists of the earl\\ second wa\\.e. ha\\,e been humanist feminists. in recent years a different account of women’s oppression has pained influence. however. partl! groaing,from a critique of humanist feminism. Gvnocentrtc feminism defines women’s oppression as the devaluation and repression of women’s experience.by a masculinist Culture that exalts violence and indtvidualism. It argues for the superiorit), of the values embodied in traditionally female experience. and rejects the values it finds in traditionall!, male dominated institutions. Gynocentric feminism. 1 suggest. contains a more radical critique of male-dominated society than humanist feminism. But at the same time. especially within the social context of anti-feminism backlash. however. its effect can be quieting and accommodating to official powers.

Abstract: Simple thermal resistance models of packed-bed heat transfer can be used to derive predictive formulas for the effective axial and radial thermal conductivities and apparent wall heat transfer coefficient. In particular, the behavior of the heat transfer parameters over the entire range of Reynolds number can be explained by considering the two asymptotic cases of low Re (solid phase dominant) and high Re (fluid phase dominant).

Abstract: This paper is concerned with how to handle the failures that occur during design problem-solving. Failure handlers and redesigners are introduced. Failure recovery action and the knowledge involved is presented for each agent. The role of suggestions and redesign strategies is discussed. The handling of plan failures is also presented. The paper concludes by surveying other methods of failure handling from the literature.

Abstract: This paper deals with the quantitative interpretation of time-average holograms of vibrating objects. It is shown that the images obtained during reconstruction of such holograms are modulated by a system of fringes described by the square of the zero-order Bessel function of the first kind. A procedure for quantitative interpretation of these fringes is described and illustrated with examples. The experimental results, obtained directly from the time-average holograms, show good agreement with the exact solution of the differential equation of motion based on the beam theory and with the mode shapes determined by the finite element modeling of the vibrating beam.

Abstract: This paper deals with the impact of nonsinusoidal currents and voltages on the losses of power transformers. Conventional methods for the determination of the hottest spot temperature are used to predict the loss of life of transformers supplying loads which inject nonsinusoidal currents. Derating curves are explained and a practical example is presented.

Abstract: Whether intended or not, an impression conveyed by Herbert G. Gutman's enormously important monograph, The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom, 1750-1925, is that bondage had less an impact than previously imagined on the post-Civil War household structure and family composition of American blacks. The Gutman model, if one may infer such a thing, posits the existence of relatively "normal" (or "traditional") families and kinship networks among slaves, despite widespread domestic disruption caused by high death rates and by the common occurrence of forced termination of slave unions by sale. When at last it came, emancipation provided ex-slaves the opportunity to reconstitute broken families, to obtain legal sanction for their marriages, and in other ways to indulge powerful familial impulses that had been only partially realizable under slavery. From bondage the black family passed resolutely into freedom, its demographic health less damaged by slavery than it would be by Gilded Age racial discrimination and economic deprivation. I If closely examined, however, this implicit model will be seen to rest mainly on Gutman's remarkable success-a pioneering effort for which he was known long before the appearance of the book-in destroying the sociological assumption that the female-headed black household emerged directly from slavery. Critics have questioned Gutman's methods in statistically discounting matrifocality, and they and others have noted that the black single-parent household became ubiquitous as early as 1880 in urban areas, at least in the North.2 But

Abstract: Heterodyne hologram interferometry was used to study load-deformation characteristics of computer microcomponents that were surface mounted on a printed circuit board. The board was assembled as a cantilever plate and subjected to cyclic flexure loading according to industry standards. The flexure loading was sinusoidal at 0.1 cps with an amplitude of 1.25 mm (0.050 in.) at the tip of the board. Double-exposure heterodyne holograms were recorded under a number of conditions specified by the magnitude of deflection at the board's tip and the number of accumulated flexure cycles. Data obtained during reconstruction of heterodyne holograms were used to compute displacements and strains along the leads connecting the component to the printed circuit board. The experimental results show that lead displacements were on the order of 1.2 um, while strains were up to 0.054%. The results obtained in this study will be used as input to finite element models of computer microcomponents.

Abstract: Data are obtained from the combined microwave and radiant freeze drying of beef steaks. Causes for the high drying rates are explained by the entrainment of solid ice crystals in the vapor during the low pressure drying. The effects of solid entrainment on dehydration rate and product quality are discussed in terms of the loss of intercellular salts and proteins and tearing of muscle fibers caused by high vapor velocity.

Abstract: The time-optimal control algorithm taking into consideration the bounds on control and state variables is applied to microwave freeze drying system. A general unsteady state mathematical model with time variant transport and dielectric properties is formulated as a stage wise operation problem. Microwave power, radiator temperature, water vapor pressure and air pressure are considered controllable. Constraints are set to avoid scorching, melting and gas breakdown. All control variables are kept constant during each stage.

Abstract: Principles of pulsed laser double-exposure hologram interferometry are discussed. In this presentation, emphasis is placed on biomedical applications of the method. Procedures for quantitative interpretation of images obtained during reconstruction of holograms are presented and illustrated with representative examples. The procedures for quantitative interpretation of holograms allow determination of translations, rotations, and strains of an object, including determination of and compensation for the object's rigid-body motions. A system for automated interpretation of holograms is also discussed. The results shown relate to in vitro and in vivo studies of tooth and bone motions.

Abstract: The hydrogenation of acetylene impurity in ethylene has been studied over 0.04 wt% Pd/Al2O3 catalysts modified by Cu. The undesired hydrogenation of ethylene could be suppressed by Cu.14C labelling proved that the intrinsic selectivity is always 95–98% of Cu or gaseous CO reduces the parallel hydrogenation of ethylene on the support, leaving the intrinsic selectivity unchanged.

Abstract: Predicting expected generation for different power plants as well as the system's total expected production cost is an integral part of quantitative power system analyses. Numerous publications presenting "exact" as well as "approximate" methods of solving stochastic production simulation problem exist in the literature. However, there is no one publication where a comprehensive review of this extremely important topic is presented. Such a review is the subject of this paper.

Abstract: In general, the Lagrange multiplier method (LMM) is used to incorporate subsidiary conditions into variational principles. The Lagrange multipliers represent an additional field of independent variables. The attempt to satisfy subsidiary conditions without employing additional independent unknowns has led to the development of simplified variational principles (SVP). They are characterized by expressing Lagrange multipliers in terms of original field variables by means of the Euler-Lagrange equations for the multipliers, providing their physical interpretation. In the first part of the theoretical investigation, systems with infinitely many degrees-of-freedom are studied. It is shown that the Euler-Lagrange equations of a LMM based on a modification of the principle of minimum of potential energy (PMIPE) do not hold unconditionally, that is, for arbitrary subsidiary conditions, for the corresponding SVP. The second part of the theoretical investigation is concerned with systems with a finite number of degrees-of-freedom. The finite element method (FEM) is employed to discuss and compare the characteristics of the LMM and of the corresponding SVP. Contrary to the former, the latter are found to be problem-dependent. Several shortcomings of the SVP are listed, including the possibility of obtaining an infinite sequence of singular coefficient matrices in the process of a systematic mesh refinement. Consequently, convergence of finite element solutions to the true solution in the limit of finite element representations is not guaranteed. The theoretical findings are corroborated by the results of a detailed numerical study.

Abstract: A biomechanical model is presented which represents the upper edge of the posterior knee capsule in the cat as a two-segment, vertically loaded catenary suspension cable from which the capsule sheet is suspended. Data are presented which show that the upper edge of the capsule is organized as a cable, which spans the notch between the femoral condyles. When a point load is applied to the cable, measurement of the cable shape allows for calculation of the cable tension and the downward distributed loads acting on the cable. This method was used to measure the in-vivo cable tension and the distributed downward loading acting on the capsule cable. The results show that the lateral side of the posterior joint capsule sustains a higher loading than the medial side.

Abstract: A method for finding the affine transformation which relates two projections of a planar curve, arbitrarily oriented in 3-space, is presented. The method is based on a canonic parameterization of curves and the decomposition of these curves into component ellipses such that an arbitrary linear transformation applied to the whole scene also applies to the component ellipses. The relationship between the ellipses allows for a simple solution for the affine transformation relating views of a contour without point correspondence information. Experimental results indicated the need for contour smoothing in the presence of noise; hence filtering in the Fourier domain was applied to the contours prior to parameterization. The theoretical development of this technique and experimental results are presented.