Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films were prepared by post-annealing films of metal sulfides of Cu2S, ZnS and SnS2 precursors deposited on soda-lime glass substrates by photo-chemical deposition (PCD) from aqueous solution containing CuSO4, ZnSO4, SnSO4 and Na2S2O3. In this study, sulfurization was employed to prepare high quality CZTS thin films. Deposited films of metal sulfides were annealed in a furnace in an atmosphere of N2 or N2+H2S(5%) at the temperature of 300°, 400° or 500 °C. The sulfured films showed X-ray diffraction peaks from (112), (220), and (312) planes of CZTS and the peaks became sharp by an increase in the sulfurization temperature. CZTS thin film annealed in atmosphere of N2 was S-poor. After annealing atmosphere was changed from N2 into N2+H2S(5%), the decrease of a composi- tional ratio of sulfur could be suppressed. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Characterization of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films prepared by photo-chemical deposition

Photochemical deposition of CuxS thin films from aqueous solutions

Fabrication of ZnS thin films by an improved photochemical deposition method and application to ZnS/SnS heterojunction cells

Photochemical deposition of ZnSe polycrystalline thin films and their characterization

CdS nanoparticles were grown using CdSO4 and Na2S2O3 as the precursors and thioglycerol (TG) as the capping agent. TG was shown to exhibit a catalytic role in the reaction and also acted as a capping agent. It was demonstrated that size growth is linearly related to the temperature of the reaction, i.e. the sizes can be controllably adjusted by temperature. The crystalline phase of the nanocrystals was also dependent on the temperature of growth: higher temperature favours the cubic phase. The pH also plays an important role in nanoparticle growth, as lower pH leads to a higher release rate of sulfur species. At pH as high as 10, the growth rate remains slow even at boiling temperature. This provides a way to controllably grow nanoparticles at high temperatures and/or control the nucleation growth processes.

Thermal control of the size and crystalline phase of CdS nanoparticles

Deposition of CdS and ZnS from aqueous solutions by a new photochemical technique

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Deposition of CdS and ZnS from aqueous solutions by a new photochemical technique