Some complicated industrial products are designed with deterministic models.As a newly presented certifying method which is subject to deterministic model,QMU is able to efficiently reveal the failure models and give a brief formula in assessment with the combined information of tests and numerical simulations.QMU has now been developed quickly and attached significance to some US Departments,but the idiographic ways to fulfill QMU are not in public.Based on reliability physics and computational science,the basic ideas of QMU as well as its implementations in different engineering problems and the supporting technologies such as info-theory and VV are mentioned aiming to form a unified QMU certification for integrated systems.

QMU certifying method and its implementation

It is important to assess the reliability of software upgrades and patches applied regularly to servers within SCADA systems. This paper introduces a top-down approach to characterize the degree of similarity between sets of episodes arising from server logs. Filtered sub-logs of syslog data are mined to check whether they contain base episodes. Subsequently higher-level compound episodes are mined, wherein multiple base episodes are composed into compound episodes, from possibly different source programs. A tracking score is used to assess changes in the similarity of the syslog over time-periods. Unexpected changes in tracking scores could indicate potential reliability concerns. Episode mining is suggested as a method to obtain the rules by which invariant-checking could be implemented, to continuously monitor a SCADA system's reliability during operation.

Syslog Episode Mining for Tracking Behavior in SCADA servers

From a national cybersecurity standpoint, patching of software and operating system vulnerabilities is a critical need. However, since patching may render a system unreliable, utility companies in the energy sector are reluctant to carry out patching on their substation SCADA control servers. In this paper, we present a similarity matching algorithm for assessing the reliability of software after patch application. Our methodology makes use of a backup control center in order to test the patched software. By running the test on input from field remote terminal units streamed from the same input source as that presented to the main control system, our algorithm is able to examine the degree of similarity of logged outputs, and highlight possible departures from expected behaviour. A metric called the fidelity score for the degree of similarity is presented along with initial results from a laboratory testbed. Initial results show that when patches are acceptable the algorithm consistently produces fidelity scores above 95%.

Reliability assessment of patched SCADA EMS/DMS servers through similarity matching

Calibration improves the consistency between simulation results and test data of a system, but it doesn't mean that the epistemic uncertainty of Modeling and Simulation (M&S) for subsystem is reduced, so propagation analysis with many uncertain inputs often leads to an overvaluation of uncertainty. As new system-level test is unavailable, it is unpractical to quantify M&S uncertainty with comparison between simulation results and test data. Taking advantage of the fact that calibration reduces the epistemic uncertainty of system-level simulation, we propose a method for Uncertainty Quantification (UQ), in which the uncertainty from comparison with existing system-level test data and the propagated uncertainty induced by additional cognitive defect for new system are used rationally. An example with virtual tests is displayed in which the method is demonstrated and validated. Keywords-uncertainty quantification; modeling & simulation; calibration; verification & validation; reliability certification.

Uncertainty Quantification for Modeling and Simulation with Calibration

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Reliability assessment of patched SCADA EMS/DMS servers through similarity matching

Uncertainty Quantification for Modeling and Simulation with Calibration