Efficient Separation of Enantiomers Using Stereoregular Chiral Polymers

An overview is presented of the literature on thermal decomposition, combustion and fire-retardancy of polyurethane (PU) elastomers, PU-based coatings, rigid and flexible PU foams. A brief overview of the structure of PU polymeric networks is helpful for a better understanding of the thermal decomposition and combustion phenomena. Literature sources were mostly taken from the publications of 1995 and later; however, for a basic description of the structural and thermal decomposition principles, older publication have also been cited. New developments in the efficient halogen-containing additives and reactive copolymers are described. However, major progress in the area of flame-retardant PUs in recent years is found in the field of phosphorus- or silicon-containing products, especially reactive ones. Inorganic additives remain of great interest, especially in PU-based intumescent coatings.

Thermal decomposition, combustion and fire‐retardancy of polyurethanes—a review of the recent literature

(−)-Rosmarinecine (2) is the necine base portion of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid (−)-rosmarinine. (−)-Rosmarinecine is a representative of the group of pyrrolizidines that show a cis relationship between adjacent stereocenters C(1), C(7), and C(7a), in addition to a highly oxygenated skeleton. (−)-Rosmarinecine (2) has been synthesized in eight steps and 14.8% overall yield, as an illustration of a general approach for the construction of pyrrolizidines having this stereochemical feature. The key step in the asymmetric synthesis is a Lewis acid-promoted, tandem inter-[4 + 2]/intra-[3 + 2] cycloaddition between a fumaroyloxy nitroalkene and a chiral vinyl ether.

Tandem 4+2'/3+2 cycloadditions of nitroalkenes. 9. synthesis of (-)-rosmarinecine

Synthesis of β-Aminophosphonates and -Phosphinates

The Phospha‐Michael Addition in Organic Synthesis

Use of allysilanes as a new type of silylating agent for alcohols and carboxylic acids

Reactions of the carboxylic esters (1) and the ethers (5) with chlorotrimethylsilane (2) in the presence of sodium iodide give the silyl derivatives (3) and (6) quantitatively which are easily converted into the corresponding carboxylic acids (4) and phenols (7) under mild conditions.

Novel method for dealkylation of esters, ethers, and acetals by chlorotrimethylsilane–sodium iodide

A convenient dealkylation of dialkyl phosphonates by chlorotrimethylsilane in the presence of sodium iodide

A mild and efficient method has been developed for carbon-oxygen bond cleavage using chlorotrimethylsilane/sodium iodide in acetonitrile. It was applied to synthetic transformation under nonaqueous and neutral conditions, such as acetal deprotection and the synthesis of phosphonic acids from the corresponding dialkyl phosphonates via methanolysis of their silyl esters. Effectiveness of various kinds of metal or ammonium iodides for this type of dealkylation was examined in the acetonitrile solution by 1H NMR. Satisfactory results were also obtained with lithium or potassium iodide in place of sodium iodide. However, copper(I) or quarternary ammonium iodide was ineffective. Chlorotrimethylsilane/lithium bromide in acetonitrile is effective for selective dealkylation of multifunctional phosphonic esters or dialkyl vinyl phosphates.

Dealkylation Reaction of Acetals, Phosphonate, and Phosphate Esters with Chlorotrimethylsilane/Metal Halide Reagent in Acetonitrile, and Its Application to the Synthesis of Phosphonic Acids and Vinyl Phosphates

Chlorotrimethylsilane/Sodium Iodide: A New Reagent for Conversion of Alcohols into Iodides

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