Responses of gross primary productivity to diffuse radiation at global FLUXNET sites

• GPP and WUE of China generated a significant increasing trend during 2000–2017. • GPP contributed more to WUE variation than ET in China. • Vegetation greening caused by ecological restoration project dominated the increased WUE in China. Implementation of numerous ecological restoration programs over the last two decades has significantly increased vegetation coverage in China. However, the response of the coupled carbon and water cycles to the large-scale vegetation restoration and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of regional gross primary productivity (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (WUE) in China using the two-leaf light use efficiency (TL-LUE) and the Priestley Taylor Jet Propulsion Laboratory (PT-JPL) models during the 2000–2017 period. The influencing mechanisms of anthropogenic re-vegetation and climatic factors on regional WUE were also analyzed. Results indicate that (1) both the GPP and WUE showed a significant increasing tendency with inter-annual change rates of 10.53 g C m −2 yr −1 and 0.01 g C kg −1 H 2 O yr −1 , respectively; while the inter-annual change rate of annual ET was 1.43 kg H 2 O m −2 yr −1 . (2) Spatially, the regional GPP dominated WUE variation of more than 79.51% of the total area. (3) Among the influencing factors, the greening of vegetation driven by human activities (LAI h ) explained 35.27% of the WUE variation in China, much more than the climatic factors over during the study period. At the regional scale, human-driven vegetation greening also dominated the increasing WUE at regional scale. These findings provide important information to support large-scale ecological restoration policy/decision making to improve ecosystem services in China. 

Vegetation restoration dominated the variation of water use efficiency in China

Environmental factors modulate the diffuse fertilization effect on gross primary productivity across Chinese ecosystems.

Comparison of satellite-based models for estimating gross primary productivity in agroecosystems

Assessment of the radiation effect of aerosols on maize production in China

Impacts of diffuse radiation fraction on light use efficiency and gross primary production of winter wheat in the North China Plain

The unbridled expansion of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) occurs throughout the world and has a series of consequences. However, the effect of bamboo expansion on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is still poorly understood. We assessed the changes in the AMF community during bamboo expansion into Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) forests by analyzing AMF in three forest types—Japanese cedar (JC), bamboo-cedar mixed (BC) and moso bamboo (MB)—using 454 pyrosequencing technology. We found that the AMF community composition differed significantly among forest types. The relative abundance of Glomerales decreased from 74.0% in JC to 61.8% in BC and 42.5% in MB, whereas the relative abundance of Rhizophagus increased from 24.9% in JC to 35.9% in BC and 56.7% in MB. Further analysis showed that soil characteristics explained only 19.2% of the AMF community variation among forest types. Hence, vegetation is presumably the main driver of the alteration of the AMF community. The α diversity of AMF was similar between JC and MB, although it was higher in BC. Overall, this research sheds more light on AMF community dynamics during moso bamboo expansion. Our results highlight that the consequences of bamboo expansion in monoculture forests differ from those in mixed forests.

/pdf/what-are-the-effects-of-moso-bamboo-expansion-into-japanese-2f0mb72z.pdf

What Are the Effects of Moso Bamboo Expansion into Japanese Cedar on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Altering the Community Composition Rather than the Diversity

Cotton production is challenged by high costs with multiple management and material inputs including seed, pesticide, and fertilizer application. The production costs can be decreased and profits can be increased by developing efficient crop management strategies, including perennial cotton ratoon cultivation. This review focuses on the role of ratoon cultivation in cotton productivity and breeding. In areas that are frost-free throughout the year, when the soil temperature is suitable for cotton growth in spring, the buds of survived plants begin to sprout, and so their flowering and fruiting periods are approximately 4–6 weeks earlier than those of sown cotton. Due to the absence of frost damage, the ratoon cotton continues to grow, and the renewed plants can offer a higher yield than cotton sown in the following season. Moreover, ratoon cultivation from the last crop without sowing can help conserve seeds, reduce labor inputs, and reduce soil and water loss. In this review, the preservation of perennial cotton germplasm resources, the classification and genome assignment of perennial species in the cotton gene pools, and effective strategies for the collection, preservation, identification, and utilization of perennial cotton germplasms are discussed. Ratoon cultivation is the main driver of cotton production and breeding, especially to maintain male sterility for the utilization and fixation of heterosis. Ratoon cultivation of cotton is worth adopting because it has succeeded in Brazil, China, and India. Therefore, taking advantages of the warm environment to exploit the indeterminant growth habit of perennial cotton for breeding would be an efficiency-increasing, cost-saving, and eco-friendly approach in frost-free regions. In the future, more attention should be given to ratooning perennial cotton for breeding male-sterile lines.

/pdf/perennial-cotton-ratoon-cultivation-a-sustainable-method-for-3989uu7p.pdf

Perennial Cotton Ratoon Cultivation: A Sustainable Method for Cotton Production and Breeding

Moso bamboo expansion reduced soil N2O emissions while accelerated fine root litter decomposition: contrasting non-additive effects

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Impacts of diffuse radiation fraction on light use efficiency and gross primary production of winter wheat in the North China Plain

What Are the Effects of Moso Bamboo Expansion into Japanese Cedar on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Altering the Community Composition Rather than the Diversity

Perennial Cotton Ratoon Cultivation: A Sustainable Method for Cotton Production and Breeding

Moso bamboo expansion reduced soil N2O emissions while accelerated fine root litter decomposition: contrasting non-additive effects