An asymmetric image encryption algorithm based on integer wavelet transformation (IWT) and Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) algorithm is proposed. Firstly, two plain characteristic parameters (PCP) of the plain image are extracted and two random numbers are chosen. Then, a new parameter transformation model (PTM) is constructed to do nonlinear processing for them, and three cipher characteristic parameters (CCP) are got. After applying RSA operation for CCP (seen as plain messages), three cipher messages are obtained. Secondly, a new initial value obtaining model (IOM) for all plain messages and cipher messages is established, by which initial values of 3D chaotic system are produced. Then, three chaotic sequences can be generated. Thirdly, chaotic sequences are used to confuse the plain image by a way of row-column cycle. Then, IWT operation is carried out and the above chaotic sequences are employed to confuse again the wavelet coefficients. Thereafter, inverse IWT is applied to get the confused image, realizing double confusion operations on both spatial domain and frequency domain. Finally, the confused image is diffused as a whole to get the cipher image. Experiment results explain that the proposed algorithm can realize the encryption in short time, and resist effectively against brute-force attack and noise attack. 

IWT and RSA based asymmetric image encryption algorithm

Image security becomes increasingly critical as the multimedia technology and Internet of things evolve rapidly. To ensure image security and improve the efficiency of image encryption, a novel image encryption algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a novel one-dimensional hybrid chaotic map is proposed and employed to obtain the chaotic sequences to be used in the permutation and diffusion processes. Secondly, an improved Zigzag transformation is employed to permute the plain image. Thirdly, the dynamic quaternary DNA coding and operations are used to diffuse the permuted image. In the diffusion process, the DNA encoded image is permuted using the index sequence to further enhance the permutation effect. Finally, a look-up table method is proposed to quickly obtain the DNA operation results. The experimental results and the security analyses illustrate that the proposed algorithm has an excellent performance in terms of encryption effect, key space, key sensitivity, statistical performance, differential attack, encryption quality, robustness, execution time and computational complexity. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can be applied to some fields with high confidentiality requirements, such as military, commercial and medical fields. • A novel 1D hybrid chaotic map is designed, and its chaos characteristics are proved to be excellent. • An improved Zigzag transformation is proposed to overcome the disadvantages of the standard Zigzag transformation. • A novel look-up table method based on quaternary DNA coding is proposed to shorten the time for DNA operations. • A novel image encryption algorithm is proposed, which has high security and efficiency. 

Image encryption algorithm based on improved Zigzag transformation and quaternary DNA coding

In order to ensure reliable and secure image exchange, chaotic systems are often considered for their good performance in information security. In this work, we first propose an extended version of a chaotic tent map (TM)—the multiparametric 1D tent map (MTM). The latter contains six control parameters defined over an unlimited range. These parameters strongly influence the MTM output when they are slightly modified by ∓10−13, which makes MTM stronger than the existing TM and other 1D chaotic maps in terms of security key space. Then, this paper proposes a simple, yet powerful method to make uniform the distribution of chaotic sequence values, making the latter suitable for use in cryptosystems. Next, a new image cryptosystem is introduced based on MTM and parallel computing. This computing mode is incorporated to boost the security level of our scheme and to speed up its runtime. Indeed, in only one running round, our encryption scheme generates a security key of space equal to 1078×n with n indicating the number of the available CPU cores. Therefore, the suggested scheme achieves a good trade-off between safety and efficiency. The results of the performed comparisons and numerical experiments indicate on the one hand that MTM exhibits good chaotic characteristics in comparison to its original version. On the other hand, the suggested cryptosystem demonstrates good strength against various kinds of attacks (brute force, statistical, classical, noise, differential, etc.). Furthermore, comparison with similar schemes indicate that the proposed scheme is competitive in terms of execution time and superior in terms of security level.

/pdf/efficient-image-encryption-scheme-using-novel-1d-275k293l.pdf

Efficient Image Encryption Scheme Using Novel 1D Multiparametric Dynamical Tent Map and Parallel Computing

We show that it is possible to synthesize chaotic systems that have improved characteristics for use in communications. These include whiter spectrum, low-time correlation, hyperchaotic behavior, and little or no phase space structure. These systems are based on locally volume-preserving (or expanding) maps. We show how to construct a circuit that produces such characteristics.

Synchronizing hyperchaotic volume-preserving maps and circuits

The quality of encryption is dependent on the complexity of the confusion-diffusion pattern and the quality of the keystream employed. To enhance complexity and randomness, this study proposes a combination of multiple interleaved patterns, including Zigzag, Hilbert, and Morton patterns to complicate the confusion-diffusion. The keystream is generated from the improved logistic map and the 6D hyperchaotic map, which complement each other due to their sensitivity to initial conditions and control parameters. This produces highly random and nonlinear keystreams, making them difficult to predict. The encryption process consists of four phases, alternating between diffusion and confusion. Furthermore, SHA-512 is used to enhance key space and sensitivity. Based on the test results, the proposed encryption technique can withstand various attacks, such as statistics, differential, brute force, and NIST randomness tests, as well as data loss and noise attacks. Most of the results are better than previous studies. 

/pdf/combined-interleaved-pattern-to-improve-confusion-diffusion-n9aihfju.pdf

Combined Interleaved Pattern to Improve Confusion-Diffusion Image Encryption based on Hyperchaotic System

The attractive properties of ergodicity, unpredictability, and initial state sensitivity have made chaotic maps the go-to tools in many applications, including cryptography and cyber–physical systems. Despite this, two challenges arise when using chaos systems in cryptography: (i) some one-dimensional (1D) chaotic maps do not satisfy the unpredictability property, and (ii) although they exhibit a complex and chaotic behavior, high-dimensional (HD) chaotic maps incur higher computational complexity. To address these issues, this paper proposes a new 1D chaotic map dubbed the improved Sine-Tangent map (IST map) that is derived from of the Sine map, a tangent function, and a Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind. Relative to chaotic maps, the proposed IST map provides better unpredictability and ergodicity, a vast chaotic range, enhanced complex behavior, and competitive computational complexity. Based on the IST map, we also introduced an encryption scheme for securing medical images in telemedicine. It consists of two diffusion phases, i.e., a bitwise XOR operation and a bitwise expanded XOR (eXOR) operation, with an intermediated confusion one, i.e., random circular-shift. An overriding step is foremost first completed before performing these cryptography phases, i.e., key generation. The secret key of the IST map is updated using the sine and cosine values of the sum of pixels of the input image. This leads to a unique secret key for each image. That is, one-time chaotic sequences are produced for each input image. The cyclic pattern of the sine and cosine values of the sum of pixels provides a prominent sensibility to small changes in the input image. Thus, the proposed algorithm is capable of resisting any chosen/known plaintext attacks. A performance analysis shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms a set of state-of-the-art comparison algorithms and its variants based on Sine, SE, and ST maps since it allows the best performance/complexity trade-off. 

Improved Sine-Tangent chaotic map with application in medical images encryption

The research of chaos theory and its application in communication is the frontier of science and engineering, which provides a novel research field for conventional communication theory and also presents a broad application platform for nonlinear science. The fractional order chaotic system which had higher confidentiality than integral system was applied to physics and engineering are just a recent subject of interest. The use of fractional order chaos in differential Chaos shift keying (DCSK) has led to better secure performance, anti-interference ability[1][2]. The performance of DCSK communication system based on fractional order chaos (in this paper we call it FO-DCSK) is characterized in terms of bit error rate (BER) versus the signal to noise rate (SNR) by theoretic analysis and Matlab numerical simulation. The results of simulation show the superiority of this technique.

Performance analysis of fractional order DCSK secure communication system

The methods of building a model like Markov chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC) and sequential model-based global optimization (SMBO) in power distribution network (PDN) have achieved parameter identification successfully without extra measurement devices. However, the data processing focused on the feeder data is not concerned yet. In this study, the authors present a dynamic data prepossessing method for parameter identification in PDN to successfully obtain a more accurate result. This method considers the similarities of feeder data in both spatial relationship and statistical theory, and then realizes a dynamic aggregation process for new coming data and obtains a set of data with tighter higher dimensional relationship for following identification task. In experiments, the authors applied this data processing method to the actual feeder data with no adjustment of the other condition; identification results with the authors’ processing achieve a 5.3% improvement in accuracy at most. 

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/cmu2.12600

A dynamic data prepossessing method for parameter identification in power distribution network

Optical scattering caused by the high-speed turbulence will reduce the accuracy of optical sensors on aircraft. The existing research mainly focuses on the scattering field on the macro scale. A new method to analyse the photon-scattering characteristics in high-speed turbulence from the micro point of view is proposed in this paper, which can explain the micro disturbance of airflow molecules to photons. In order to construct the relationship between micro disturbance and macro distortion, molecular clusters are proposed to describe the multi-molecular scattering field, and the scattering characteristics of molecular clusters with wavelength, density and vortex shape are obtained by statistical method. The simulation results show that the coherent superposition of scattered waves is the dominant factor of the micro scattering characteristics of molecular clusters. The method proposed in this paper provides a new idea for the study of aero-optics under complex flow conditions. 

A new method for analysing photon-scattering in high-speed turbulence

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Improved Sine-Tangent chaotic map with application in medical images encryption

Performance analysis of fractional order DCSK secure communication system

A dynamic data prepossessing method for parameter identification in power distribution network

A new method for analysing photon-scattering in high-speed turbulence