The efficiency of large and high-power magnetrons of GW power levels is less than 30% and inherent pulse-length and repetition rate limitations seem to exist because of use of explosive field emission. Another approach is the development of low voltage, high-efficiency magnetrons utilizing a secondary emission magnetron array with high repetition rate. The numerical model of nonstationary, nonuniform secondary electron emission from a cathode surface has been developed. The results of first steps in computer simulations of electron cloud formation inside a smooth-bore magnetron under the condition of back-bombardment instability (BKB) are presented. Calculations have been performed for a coaxial smooth-bore magnetron and for magnetrons with different types of azimuthal inhomogeneities which could promote the growth of BKB. The results of computer simulation are in agreement with experimental data. The main calculations of the beam dynamics were carried out with PIC-code KARAT.

Dynamics of magnetic insulation violation in smooth-bore magnetrons

The physical understanding of the ion beam enhancement and divergence in magnetically insulated ion sources, B appl -diodes, for pulsed power generators is still lacking. We propose a phenomenological analytical model for the "stable" regime of operation of B appl -diodes. The effect of rippled anode-plasma surfaces on the focusing properties of the diode is analysed. Conditions for the experimentally observed value of the microdivergence Θ ≃10–20 mrad are obtained. The effect of scattering of the electrons in the disturbed electrical fields is calculated. Its effect on the electron distribution in the magnetically insulated vacuum gap is estimated: A low level ≤1% of excitations for the “slow” and “fast” fluctuations generates enough broadening of the electron distribution. — Work is in progress to incorporate the model into the computer code BFCPIC to be used in computer experiments for designing high brightness diodes. This is a useful tool in the process of optimizing B appl -diodes for good focusing properties. The first results on the effect of moving plasma boundaries are reported.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/6296789/6306561/06306566.pdf

Ion beam generation with inhomogeneous anode and cathode plasmas

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Ion beam generation with inhomogeneous anode and cathode plasmas