The recent appearance of the Kamov Ka-50 helicopter and the application of coaxial rotors to unmanned aerial vehicles have renewed international interest in the coaxial rotor configuration. This report addresses the aerodynamic issues peculiar to coaxial rotors by surveying American, Russian, Japanese, British, and German research. (Herein, 'coaxial rotors' refers to helicopter, not propeller, rotors. The intermeshing rotor system was not investigated.) Issues addressed are separation distance, load sharing between rotors, wake structure, solidity effects, swirl recovery, and the effects of having no tail rotor. A general summary of the coaxial rotor configuration explores the configuration's advantages and applications.

/pdf/a-survey-of-theoretical-and-experimental-coaxial-rotor-1vy54oy847.pdf

A Survey of Theoretical and Experimental Coaxial Rotor Aerodynamic Research

In this work, a compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes solver is used to investigate the aerodynamics of a microscale coaxial-rotor configuration in hover, to evaluate the predictive capability of the computational approach and to characterize the unsteadiness in the aerodynamic flowfield of the microscale coaxial systems. The overall performance is well-predicted for a range of rpm and rotor spacing. As the rotor spacing increases, the top-rotor thrust increases and the bottom-rotor thrust decreases, while the total thrust remains fairly constant. The thrusts approach a constant value at very large rotor spacing. Top rotor contributes about 55 % of the total thrust at smaller rotor spacing, which increases to about 58% at the largest rotor separation. The interaction between the rotor systems is seen to generate significant impulses in the instantaneous thrust and power. Unsteadiness is mainly caused due to blade loading and wake effect. Additional high-frequency unsteadiness was also seen due to shedding near the trailing edge. The phasing of the top vortex impingement upon the bottom rotor plays a significant role in the amount of unsteadiness for the bottom rotor. Interaction of the top-rotor tip vortex and inboard sheet with the bottom rotor results in a highly three-dimensional shedding on the upper surface of the blade in the outboard region and a two-dimensional shedding on the lower surface at the inboard portion of the blade. The wake of the top rotor contracts faster compared with that of the bottom rotor because of the vortex-vortex interaction. Further, the top-rotor wake convects vertically down at a faster rate due to increased inflow.

/pdf/computational-investigation-of-micro-scale-coaxial-rotor-2zu6sjh2te.pdf

Computational investigation of micro-scale coaxial rotor aerodynamics in hover

Free-Wake Analysis of Tandem, Tilt-Rotor and Coaxial Rotor Configurations

Title of dissertation: ROTOR HOVER PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEM DESIGN OF AN EFFICIENT COAXIAL ROTARY WING MICRO AIR VEHICLE Felipe Bohorquez, Doctor of Philosophy, 2007 Dissertation directed by: Professor Darryll Pines Department of Aerospace Engineering Rotary-wing Micro air vehicles (MAVs) due to their unique hovering and lowspeed flight capabilities are specially suited for missions that require operation in constrained spaces. Size restrictions force MAVs to operate in a low Reynolds number aerodynamic regime where viscous effects are dominant. This results in poor aerodynamic performance of conventional airfoils and rotor configurations. This dissertation explores the design issues that affect the hover performance of small-scale rotors and the implementation of a working coaxial MAV prototype. A computerized hover test stand was used for the systematic testing of single and coaxial small-scale rotors. Thin circular arcs were chosen for blade manufacturing because of their good aerodynamic characteristics at low Reynolds numbers, and simplified parameterization. Influence of airfoil geometry on single rotor hover performance was studied on untwisted rectangular blades. Non rectangular blades were used to study coupled airfoil and blade parameters. Tip tapered geometries were manufactured by removing material from baseline rectangular blades producing a coupling between blade planform, twist distribution, and spanwise airfoil shape. Performance gains were obtained by introducing large negative twist angles over short radial distances at the blade tips. A parametric study of the blade geometries resulted in maximum figures of merit of 0.65. Coaxial rotor performance at torque equilibrium was explored for different trims and operating conditions. It was found that the upper rotor was marginally affected by the lower one at spacings larger than 35% of the rotor radius, and that it produced about 60% of the total thrust. Experiments showed that power loading was maximized when higher collectives were used at the lower rotor, resulting in sizable differences in rotational speed between rotors. The CFD solver INS2d was used for a two-dimensional parametric aerodynamic study of circular arc airfoils. Lift, drag, and moment coefficients were explored over a range of Reynolds numbers. Validation with wind-tunnel data showed that lift predictions were satisfactory; however, drag was under-predicted at low angles of attack. The CFD database was integrated to a BEMT rotor model through a parameterization that coupled blade planform with twist distribution and airfoil shape. Thrust and maximum FM predictions were satisfactory for rectangular and non-rectangular blades with maximum cambers of 6% and below. The BEMT model was extended to the coaxial rotor case, producing good thrust and power predictions with errors within 5% of the experimental measurements. The approach validated the use of analytical and numerical tools commonly used in full-scale analysis, and proved to be a versatile system design tool. A fully functional coaxial MAV was developed based on the aerodynamic studies performed. Transmission, rotors, and swashplate were designed from scratch. Batteries, motors, and electronics were carefully selected off-the-shelf components. The prototype has been used as a testing platform for control systems and algorithms. ROTOR HOVER PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEM DESIGN OF AN EFFICENT COAXIAL ROTARY WING MICRO AIR VEHICLE

Rotor Hover Performance and System Design of an Efficient Coaxial Rotary Wing Micro Air Vehicle

A study of coaxial rotor aerodynamic interaction mechanism in hover with high-efficient trim model

Optimum performance and wake geometry of co-axial rotor in hover

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

We encountered an error while loading the panel. Please try refreshing the page.

Something went wrong

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

Anyone with the link can view this chat. You can switch it back to private anytime.

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

T. Nagashima

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Optimum performance and wake geometry of co-axial rotor in hover