Medicinal plants are part and parcel of human society to combat diseases from the dawn of civilization. Terminalia chebula Retz. (Fam. Combretaceae), is called the ‘King of Medicine’ in Tibet and is always listed at the top of the list of ‘Ayurvedic Materia Medica’ because of its extraordinary power of healing. The whole plant possesses high medicinal value and traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments for human beings. Some of the folklore people used this plant in the treatment of asthma, sore throat, vomiting, hiccough, diarrhea, dysentery, bleeding piles, ulcers, gout, heart and bladder diseases. The plant has been demonstrated to possess multiple pharmacological and medicinal activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antiproliferative, radioprotective, cardioprotective, antiarthritic, anticaries, gastrointestinal motility and wound healing activity. But no systematic updated information on the therapeutic effectiveness of Terminalia chebula, a popular herbal remedy in India and South-East Asia has so far been reported. This review highlights an updated information particularly on the phytochemistry and various pharmacological and medicinal properties of Terminalia chebula Retz. and some of its isolated compounds, along with their safety evaluation. This may provide incentive for proper evaluation of the plant as medicinal agent against the human diseases and also to bridge the lacunae in the existing literature and future scope which may offer immense opportunity for researchers engaged in validation of the traditional claims and development of safe and effective botanical medicine.

The development of Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae) in clinical research

Aim: The aim of this article is to review the current literature on the therapeutic uses and efficacy of Triphala. Herbal remedies are among the most ancient medicines used in traditional systems of healthcare such as Ayurveda. Triphala, a well-recognized and highly efficacious polyherbal Ayurvedic medicine consisting of fruits of the plant species Emblica officinalis (Amalaki), Terminalia bellerica (Bibhitaki), and Terminalia chebula (Haritaki), is a cornerstone of gastrointestinal and rejuvenative treatment. Methods: A search of the PubMed database was conducted. Results: In addition, numerous additional therapeutic uses described both in the Ayurvedic medical literature and anecdotally are being validated scientifically. In addition to laxative action, Triphala research has found the formula to be potentially effective for several clinical uses such as appetite stimulation, reduction of hyperacidity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, antibacterial, antimutagenic, adaptogenic, h...

/pdf/therapeutic-uses-of-triphala-in-ayurvedic-medicine-4mvdzb6xb5.pdf

Therapeutic Uses of Triphala in Ayurvedic Medicine

Emblica officinalis (Amla): A review for its phytochemistry, ethnomedicinal uses and medicinal potentials with respect to molecular mechanisms.

Triphala Promotes Healing of Infected Full-Thickness Dermal Wound

Moroccan medicinal plants traditionally used for the treatment of skin diseases: From ethnobotany to clinical trials.

Triphala’ is an age old commonly used Ayurvedic powdered preparation in Indian systems of medicine. This well known formulation is made by combining Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belarica and Emblica officinalis, in equal proportions based on the observation of Ayurvedic Formulary of India (AFI). The formulation is prescribed in the first line treatment of many aliments and is used as laxative, detoxifying agent and rejuvenator. To establish its clinical validity the present work was undertaken to evaluate its therapeutic potentials and adverse effects. The Triphala formulation was standardized by HPTLC (High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography), using Gallic acid as a marker and was subjected to clinical studies. After proper screening 160 patients of age between 16–52 years were selected for 45 days clinical study. The effectiveness of trial drugs were judged on the basis of the subjective and objective parameters. It was observed that the amount, frequency and consistency of stool were improved in Triphala treated group. The changes of odor, mucous, flatulence, belching and abdominal pain where also taken into account. The well being was assessed on the basis of the parameters like concentration, appetite, thirst, sleep, hyperacidity in arbitrary scoring system. Triphala was found to have good laxative property, help in management of hyperacidity and also improve appetite. No adverse effect was observed in the treated group when compared to normal patients. Triphala can be used effectively in the treatment of constipation and other gastric problems.

/pdf/clinical-study-of-triphala-a-well-known-phytomedicine-from-2bt2jjc79f.pdf

Clinical Study of 'Triphala' - A Well Known Phytomedicine from India

Purified Shilajit, an Ayurvedic rasayana, was evaluated in healthy volunteers of age between 45 and 55 years for its effect on male androgenic hormone viz. testosterone in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study at a dose of 250 mg twice a day. Treatment with Shilajit for consecutive 90 days revealed that it has significantly (P < 0.05) increased total testosterone, free testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEAS) compared with placebo. Gonadotropic hormones (LH and FSH) levels were well maintained.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/and.12482

Clinical evaluation of purified Shilajit on testosterone levels in healthy volunteers

Wound healing is a topic of substantial prominence in Ayurveda, the Indian traditional system of medicine. Test drug Kshatantak Malam (KM), otherwise named as Baharer Nani, is described in Ayurveda since a long time for wound healing activity but necessitates scientific base. The test drug was prepared in the form of natural ointment with the plants like Achyranthes aspera, Allium cepa, and Canabis sativa under the base of butter in a specialized form of preparation. Chemical standardization was made on the basis of the physical character, rancidity test, extractive value, thin-layer chromatography, and gas chromatography. An 8-mm-diameter full-thickness punch was produced in Wistar rats. The test drug was applied topically and compared with standard comparators like framycetin ointment and povidone iodine ointment. Effects were observed on the basis of physical parameters like wound contraction size (mm2), wound index, healing period (days), tensile strength (g) and biochemical parameters like tissue DNA...

Pharmacological evaluation and chemical standardization of an ayurvedic formulation for wound healing activity.

The hydroalcoholic extract of fruit pulp of Terminalia chebula Retz. was standardized and evaluated for its
safety through cytochrome P450 (CYP 450) inhibition assay. Standardization was performed through high
performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) using gallic acid (GA) standard. Cytochrome P450-CO
complex microplate assay was performed using rat liver microsomes. The effect of standardized extract, its
fraction and bioactive marker compound were comparatively evaluated for its effect on CYP P450 enzymes.The
extract of fruit pulp was used for HPTLC,where the Rf value of the marker was found to be 0.43.The calibration
plot was linear in the range of 2–14 mg of GA and correlation co-efficient of 0.99965. The mean quantity of GA
was found to be 2.5% w/w.The CYP P450 concentration of the rat liver microsome sample used in the study was
found to be 0.417 nmol/mg protein.The in vitro effect of various concentrations of extracts and fractions showed
a linear concentration-dependent inhibition of cytochrome P450 up to 60 mL. The study showed more inhibition
of fraction when compared to the extract and GA. Still, the inhibition showed by fraction is less when compared
with standard Ketoconazole. Thus, this study indicated the in vitro cytochrome P450 inhibition potential of T.
Chebula. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Short COMMUNICATIONCytochrome P450 Inhibition Assay forStandardized Extract of Terminaliachebula Retz.ptr_2993 151..154

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT : During COVID-19 pandemic to till date, millions of women have become pregnant, given birth and breastfed their babies. But, due to the lack of experience-based knowledge about the adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccine, if any, it was not simple to take decision to vaccinate pregnant women and lactating mothers. The outcome of results of vaccination during at any trimester, on delivery, on neonates and on babies was uncertain. With the advancement of time, on the basis of experience and extensive studies global health bodies suggested and gradually recommended for administration of COVID-19 vaccine to pregnant and lactating women to protect from COVID-19 virulent attack and also assured that registered COVID-19 vaccines will not contraindicate neonates and breastfed babies. From first approval of COVID-19 vaccine in December 2020 by WHO to recommend vaccination to high risk and comorbidity pregnant women and lactating mother on June, 2021 was not an easy task. In this juncture we summarize the milestones of successful endeavor to vaccinate pregnant women and breastfed mothers against COVID-19.

The practice of COVID-19 vaccination among the pregnant and lactating women: the present global scenario and decisions taken in India and Nepal

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