Strain-based transient-gradient damage model for failure analyses

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Enhanced damage modelling for fracture and fatigue

Experimental analysis and computational modelling of damage and fracture

Engineering materials are generally non-homogeneous, yet standard continuum descriptions of such materials are admissible, provided that the size of the non-homogeneities is much smaller than the characteristic length of the deformation pattern. If this is not the case, either the individual non-homogeneities have to be described explicitly or the range of applicability of the continuum concept is extended by including additional variables or degrees of freedom. In the paper the discrete nature of granular materials is modelled in the simplest possible way by means of finite-difference equations. The difference equations may be homogenised in two ways: the simplest approach is to replace the finite differences by the corresponding Taylor expansions. This leads to a Cosserat continuum theory. A more sophisticated strategy is to homogenise the equations by means of a discrete Fourier transformation. The result is a Kunin-type non-local theory. In the following these theories are analysed by considering a model consisting of independent periodic 1D chauns of solid spheres connected by shear translational and rotational springs. It is found that the Cosserat theory offers a healthy balance between accuracy and simplicity. Kunin’s integral homogenisation theory leads to a non-local Cosserat continuum description that yields an exact solution, but does not offer any real simplification in the solution of the model equations as compared to the original discrete system. The rotational degree of freedom affects the phenomenology of wave propagation considerably. When the rotation is suppressed, only one type of wave, viz. a shear wave, exists. When the restriction on particle rotation is relaxed, the velocity of this wave decreases and another, high velocity wave arises.

/pdf/generalised-homogenisation-procedures-for-granular-materials-13tt0msdhm.pdf

Generalised homogenisation procedures for granular materials

Some of the most important aspects of numerical modelling of cracking in concrete are reviewed. After a discussion of the three main lines in modelling cracking - discrete crack models, smeared representations and approaches using lattice models - a concise treatment including comparative studies is given of the various smeared crack approaches that exist to date. Next a discussion is presented of some issues pertaining to the sensitivity of numerical results on the fineness of the mesh and the direction of the mesh lines, and on size effects in concrete structures.

/pdf/some-recent-developments-in-computational-modelling-of-4r9ttp44ej.pdf

Some recent developments in computational modelling of concrete fracture

Damage mechanics theory can be used to describe degradation and failure of structural materials and components. In its simplest form, it degrades the elastic properties, in particular Young’s modulus with the accumulation of damage. Often, and this is the approach that will also be used here, the damage is linked to the maximum strain level attained during the loading history (Lemaitre and Chaboche, 1990).

On Gradient-Enhanced Damage Theories

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On Gradient-Enhanced Damage Theories