Not by Genes Alone: How Culture Transformed Human Evolution

Why We Get Sick: The New Science of Darwinian Medicine. Randolph M. Nesse and George C. Williams. New York: Times Books (cloth) and Vintage Books (paper), 1994. xi + 290 pp.

Why We Get Sick: The New Science of Darwinian Medicine

Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions.

Ethical principles of traditional Indigenous medicine to guide western psychedelic research and practice

Background:

Evolutionary research on drug abuse has hitherto been restricted to proximate studies, considering aetiology, mechanism, and ontogeny. However, in order to explain the recent emergency of a new behavioral pattern (e.g. ‘the e-psychonaut style’) of novel psychoactive substances’ (NPS) intake, a complementary evolutionary model may be needed.

Objective:

A range of evolutionary interpretations on the ‘psychonaut style’ and the recent emergency of NPS were here considered.

Method:

The PubMed database was searched in order to elicit evolutionary theory-based documents commenting on NPS/NPS users/e-psychonauts.

Results:

The traditional ‘shamanic style’ use of entheogens/plant-derived compounds may present with a range of similarities with the ‘e-psychonauts’ use of mostly of hallucinogen/psychedelic NPS. These users consider themselves as ‘new/technological’ shamans.

Conclusion:

Indeed, a range of evolutionary mechanisms, such as: optimal foraging, costly signaling, and reproduction at the expense of health may all cooperate to explain the recent spread and diffusion of the NPS market, and this may represent a reason of concern.

/pdf/evolutionary-considerations-on-the-emerging-subculture-of-527k87dja8.pdf

Evolutionary Considerations on the Emerging Subculture of the E-psychonauts and the Novel Psychoactive Substances: A Comeback to the Shamanism?

Evolutionary science remains an overlooked area in psychiatry and medicine. The newly established Royal College of Psychiatrists' Evolutionary Psychiatry Special Interest Group aims to reverse this trend by raising the profile of evolutionary thinking among College members and others further afield. Here we provide a brief outline of the importance of the evolutionary approach to both the theory and practice of psychiatry and for future research.

/pdf/evolutionary-psychiatry-a-new-college-special-interest-group-3nevnu41zr.pdf

Evolutionary psychiatry: a new College special interest group

Evolutionary Psychology and Psychiatry

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Evolutionary Considerations on the Emerging Subculture of the E-psychonauts and the Novel Psychoactive Substances: A Comeback to the Shamanism?

Evolutionary psychiatry: a new College special interest group

Evolutionary Psychology and Psychiatry