A method for producing negative temperature coefficient thermistor units, comprising the steps of forming a pair of green sheets of insulating ceramic material, stacking the green sheets interposing therebetween in predetermined areas a layer of paste for thermistor elements; providing for each thermistor unit a coating of paste to be formed into internal electrodes; cutting the stacked sheets into individual thermistor units; co-firing the thermistor units whereby the thermistor element is enclosed in an envelope of sintered ceramic material or sandwiched between two layers of sintered ceramic material. A pair of external electrodes is then provided on each thermistor unit.

Thermistor and method of producing the same

A temperature excursion sensor and locator consisting of a temperature sensitive cable which includes two electrical conductors separated by a dielectric member to form a linear strip capacitor wherein at least one of the conductors is comprised of a number of thermostatic devices connected serially. An over or under temperature excursion is sensed and located by the cable when it is connected from either end to control electronics by measuring the capacitance of the cable. Under normal conditions, all of the thermostatic devices are electrically conducting and the control electronics measures the full capacitance. Upon occurrence of a temperature excursion, one or more thermostatic devices become non-conductive and the resulting measured capacitance is proportionately reduced. Presence of the temperature excursion is sensed and its location indicated by the control electronics which compares the full cable capacitance to the reduced capacitance, the ratio of said capacitances determining the location of the temperature excursion.

Temperature excursion sensing and locating apparatus

A temperature sensor comprises a body (10; 20) of insulating diamond material and a pair of spaced apart electrical contacts (12, 14; 22, 24) applied to the body. The body has a predetermined thickness between the contacts, and the contacts have a predetermined area, so that the sensor has a corresponding capacitance between the contacts which is temperature dependent The diamond body may comprise a diamond crystal, or may be a layer (20) of diamond deposited on a substrate (22) by a CVD process. In the latter case, the substrate may be a semi-conductive silicon layer, which serves as one of the contacts. The other contact (24) may be a metallic contact, or may comprise a layer of doped amorphous semi-conductive material. The sensor is sensitive to ionising radiation as well as to changes in temperature, and is suitable for use in a temperature compensated radiation measuring apparatus.

Diamond temperature and radiation sensor

Temperature detectors are disclosed which employ, as their active elements, pieces of partially pyrolyzed polymer material which switch to a more highly conductive state under appropriate imposed electrical bias conditions when the ambient temperature increases above the switching temperature of the detector.

Electrical temperature pyrolyzed polymer material detector and associated circuitry

Here are described apparatus and methods for construction and operation of transmitters and receivers for sending and receiving signals. The signals are often low velocity and matter penetrating. The application describes a method of sending information by means of applying electrical signals to salt solution filled wood or other plant matrices. Receivers and transmitters utilize similar along the grain (as in the direction of a tree trunk) matrices. Trees or other plants with ordinary sap also are receivers and possible transmitters with the proper manipulation. Perhaps the chief advantages of the described transmitters and receivers are the matter penetrating qualities of the signals involved. These permit transmission of information through space, matter, and even mountains as found by the inventor.

Receivers and transmitters using dark matter waves

Thermally sensitive material of the semiconductor or dielectric type

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Thermally sensitive material of the semiconductor or dielectric type