Disclosed is a novel and improved process for the isolation of clavulanic acid and of pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof such as potassium clavulanate from the aqueous fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. P 6621 FERM P 2804, wherein from the fermentation broth the mycelium, a major part of proteins and other suspended solid particles are removed by microfiltration at a pH value of the medium between 5.8 and 6.2 and at a temperature between about 20 °C and 40 °C, the purified broth (the aqueous phase) is optionally additionally purified by ultrafiltration, and the thus purified broth is concentrated by reverse osmosis, then it is directly extracted in a countercurrent in centrifugal extractors with a water-immiscible organic solvent at a pH value of the medium between 1 and 3, whereat the still remaining proteins are simultaneously removed, from the obtained organic phase the water-soluble impurities are removed by washing the organic phase with water, the organic phase is dried in vacuo in a rectification column to a water content under 0.1 vol % and then concentrated by evaporation, decolourized by a treatment with active carbon and then the clavulanic acid present in the dry organic phase, most suitably in the ethyl acetate phase, is isolated and purified by a reaction with N,N'-diisopropylethylenediamine at a temperature of about room temperature to the intermediary N,N'-diisopropylethylenediammonium diclavulanate, which is isolated and then reacted with potassium 2-ethyl hexanoate in isopropanol to yield potassium salt of clavulanic acid having high purity.

Novel process for the isolation of clavulanic acid and of pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof from the fermentation broth of streptomyces sp. p 6621 ferm p 2804

Stable, pourable aqueous suspensions of solid particulate materials are provided, especially suspensions of sulfur dyes which are characterized a very low content of inorganic sulfides and inorganic polysulfides. The suspensions are produced using certain suspension stabilizing agents, particularly polysaccharides, such as xanthan gum, whose solutions in water are pseudoplastic. The suspensions may further comprise a non-sulfide reducing agent. An improved method is also provided for determining the the potential for such suspensions to release hydrogen sulfide upon being acidified at a given temperature, which method comprises acidifying a sample of the suspension to pH 2.9-3.7, capturing all of the hydrogen sulfide released during acidification in aqueous alkali and measuring the sulfide ion content of the aqueous alkali.

Stable liquid suspensions and method for analyzing same

A heat stabilizing composition for polyolefins comprises an oxidized, non-cationized, non-silylated sulfur black pigment, a hindered phenolic antioxidant a sulfur-containing secondary stabilizer, each in stabilizing amount, and a hindered amine. The heat stabilizing composition yields polyolefin compounds and articles having improved long term heat aging stability. Preferably, the sulfur black pigment is treated by washing, to thereby reduce the concentration of soluble sodium salts.

Polyolefin articles with long-term elevated temperature stability

A process for preparation of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of clavulanic acid comprising the steps of: removing solids from a clavulanic acid containing fermentation broth by microfiltration; acidifying the filtrate to a pH between 1 and 3; extracting the acidified filtrate with a water immiscible solvent and separating the clavulanic acid containing extract; mixing the extract with a metal donor and at least one additional solvent; and separating the metal clavulanate salt from the solution.

Process for the preparation of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of clavulanic acid

This invention concerns a process for reducing dyes of the group consisting of sulfur and vat dyes The reduction is carried out in an aqueous alkali medium using isomaltulose or a mixture containing isomaltulose as the reducing agent

Process for reducing sulfur and vat dyes

A sulfur dye or sulfurized vat dye is treated in an aqueous reducing medium, preferably an aqueous mixture of alkali and reducing sugar, to form a solution which is then oxidized to form particles of the dye having improved characteristics.

Sulphur dye compositions and their production.

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Sulphur dye compositions and their production.