An integral transfer tube is produced comprised of a hollow high density ceramic oxide tube having its outer surface wall surrounded by a low density ceramic oxide shell, and having a heating element comprised of a heating wound portion and two end portions wherein the wound portion is intermediate the tube and the shell, and wherein at least a sufficient amount of the end portions are exposed for electrical attachment.

Transfer tube with insitu heater

An electromagnetic valve for controlling the flow of molten, magnetic material is provided, which comprises an induction coil for generating a magnetic field in response to an applied alternating electrical current, a housing, and a refractory composite nozzle. The nozzle is comprised of an inner sleeve composed of an erosion resistant refractory material (e.g., a zirconia ceramic) through which molten, magnetic metal flows, a refractory outer shell, and an intermediate compressible refractory material, e.g., unset, high alumina, thermosetting mortar. The compressible refractory material is sandwiched between the inner sleeve and outer shell, and absorbs differential expansion stresses that develop within the nozzle due to extreme thermal gradients. The sandwiched layer of compressible refractory material prevents destructive cracks from developing in the refractory outer shell.

Electromagnetic valve for controlling the flow of molten, magnetic material

An improved method and apparatus for non-destructive cleanliness evaluation in sputter targets using radio frequency waveform phase change and amplitude detection is disclosed. The apparatus acquires phase change and amplitude for a plurality of data points. The method disclosed for characterizing the sputter target material (52) employs the phase change and amplitude magnitude data for calculating cleanliness factors and generating pareto histograms.

Cleanliness evaluation in sputter targets using phase

A binding structure of a refractory sleeve with a body of a nozzle for continuous casting having a refractory sleeve containing 20 mass % or more of CaO attached on the inside of the body thereof for reducing the adhesion of alumina, wherein an adhesive material comprising a mixture of a refractory aggregate and a binder is applied to the outer face of the sleeve, a part or the whole of the surface of the inner wall of the hole in the nozzle body on which surface the refractory sleeve is to be attached, or a joint portion formed between the inserted refractory sleeve and the surface of the inner wall, and the porosity of the adhesive material after drying is adjusted so as to be 15 to 90 %. The binding structure allows the relaxation of thermal stress due to the rapid expansion resulting from the flow of molten steel into the inner hole during operation, which results in the prevention of the fallout of a sleeve and the adverse effect on the body of a nozzle due to the expansion thereof.

Binding structure of refractory sleeve for inner hole of nozzle for continuous casting

A nozzle for discharging molten metal used in a casting device, wherein at least an inner surface portion defining a nozzle bore of the nozzle is made of a refractory, whereby a blockage of the nozzle bore is effectively prevented.

Nozzle for discharging molten metal used in a casting device

The present invention provides a refractory tube through which a stream of molten metal is passed during continuous casting which includes an inner refractory member of relatively low thermal expansion and thermal conductivity characteristics and an outer refractory member of high erosion resistance. The cooperation of the inner and outer refractory members results in an end product with a prolonged useful casting life and which does not require preheating prior to use. In a preferred embodiment, the inner refractory member is formed of fused silica and the outer refractory member is formed of alumina graphite and/or zirconia graphite.

Refractory shroud for continuous casting

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Refractory shroud for continuous casting