Recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium ion batteries by smelting reduction process based on FeO–SiO 2 –Al 2 O 3 slag system

Effects of SiO2/CaO ratio on viscosity, structure, and mechanical properties of blast furnace slag glass ceramics

Decarbonisation and hydrogen integration of steel industries: Recent development, challenges and technoeconomic analysis

Life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis of biomass-to-hydrogen production with methane tri-reforming

Preparation of Zr4+ doped calcium hexaaluminate with improved slag penetration resistance

Phase equilibria of the “Cu2O”–Al2O3–SiO2 system have been experimentally investigated at metallic copper saturation. High-temperature equilibration, rapid quenching, and electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) techniques have been used. Containerless equilibration technique has been developed to enable the phase equilibrium of this chemically reactive system to be investigated. The microstructures and compositions of all phases present in the quenched sample were measured accurately using EPMA. The isothermals between 1150°C and 1300°C have been determined in the “Cu2O”–Al2O3–SiO2 system at metallic copper saturation. The following primary phase fields were identified in the system: SiO2 (tridymite), Cu2O (cuprite), Cu2O.Al2O3 (delafossite), Al2O3 (corundum), and 3Al2O3·2SiO2 (mullite). The implications of the phase diagram on making of the copper aluminosilicate glass have been demonstrated.

Phase Equilibrium Studies of “Cu2O”–SiO2–Al2O3 System in Equilibrium with Metallic Copper

Metallurgical properties of slag are determined to a great extent by its viscosity. High-temperature viscosity measurements are time-consuming and expensive. It is necessary to develop an accurate viscosity model for blast furnace slag in the SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO system using reliable viscosity data. This paper describes a systemic evaluation procedure to determine the viscosity data to be used for model development. 1780 viscosity data from 10 to 65 wt pct SiO2, 3.5 to 40 wt pct Al2O3, 2 to 60 wt pct CaO, and 2 to 38 wt pct MgO in the SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO system have been accepted for model evaluation after critical reviews. The existing 14 viscosity models in SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO system is also reviewed and evaluated. Based on the structure of alumina-silicate slag and evaluated viscosity data, a new viscosity model has been proposed for the system SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO. A new term “probability,” based on the basic oxide and electronegativity, is introduced to calculate the integral activation energy of slag. The model has been evaluated and compared with existing viscosity models in three different composition ranges in SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO system for different applications. The new model reports an outstanding agreement between predictions and experimental data. The industrial implications of the new model have also been discussed in ironmaking and steelmaking processes.

Evaluation of Existing Viscosity Data and Models and Developments of New Viscosity Model for Fully Liquid Slag in the SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO System

With increasing impurity contents in concentrates, the control of the minor elements is an important issue for the oxygen bottom blown copper smelting process (Shuikoushan process or SKS process). In this work, the distribution behaviors of the minor elements (such as Pb, Zn, As, Sb, and Bi) among the matte, slag, and gas phases as a function of matte grades was investigated by adjusting the ratios of oxygen/ore in the SKS process. With a matte grade around 70%, about 82% As and 70% Bi enters the gas phase, and about 70% Sb and 64% Zn reports to the slag phase, while 55% lead enters the matte phase. The tendency of changes in the distribution of the minor elements in the SKS process is different from that in the Isasmelt process and the Flash smelting process. It may be concluded from this study that the distributions of the minor elements could be optimized to reduce adverse effects in the SKS process by regulating the matte grade.

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/7/11/502/pdf

Effects of Matte Grade on the Distribution of Minor Elements (Pb, Zn, As, Sb, and Bi) in the Bottom Blown Copper Smelting Process

Slags play an important role in blast furnace operation, and their compositions are based on the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 quaternary system in many steel companies. The binary basicity (CaO/SiO2 weight ratio) of blast furnace slags, especially primary slag and bosh slag, can be as high as 1.5 or higher. Phase equilibria and liquidus temperatures in the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 system with binary basicity of 1.50 are experimentally determined for temperatures in the range 1723 K to 1823 K (1450 °C to 1550 °C). High temperature equilibration, quenching, and electron probe X-ray microanalysis techniques have been used in the present study. The isotherms are obtained in the primary phase fields of Ca2SiO4, melilite, spinel, periclase, and merwinite related to blast furnace slags. Effects of Al2O3, MgO, and binary basicity on liquidus temperatures have been discussed. In addition, extensive solid solutions have been measured for different primary phases and will be used for development and optimization of the thermodynamic database.

Phase equilibrium studies of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 system with binary basicity of 1.5 related to blast furnace slag

Compact Al2O3-MgO·Al2O3-CaO·6Al2O3 (AMC) composite was obtained by melting technology using industrial alumina, light-burned magnesia, and quick lime as raw materials based on the Al2O3-MgO-CaO ternary phase diagram. The results show that the phases of MgO·Al2O3 and Al2O3 are formed as the main framework with plate-like CaO·6Al2O3 crystals mainly discontinuously embedded in MgO·Al2O3. The bulk density of AMC composite is up to 3.42 g/cm3, equivalent to 90.5% of the theoretical density. The synthesized compact AMC composite in the work also exhibits better slag penetration resistance than the castable based on tabular corundum due to the formation of liquid phase.

Controllable Preparation of Al2O3-MgO·Al2O3-CaO·6Al2O3 (AMC) Composite with Improved Slag Penetration Resistance

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

We encountered an error while loading the panel. Please try refreshing the page.

Something went wrong

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

Anyone with the link can view this chat. You can switch it back to private anytime.

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Mao Chen

Author Tools

Chat about Author