The theoretical framework for describing the production of direct photons in hadronic collisions is reviewed. A detailed comparison between the theoretical predictions and existing data is presented along with a critical evaluation of the various sources of theoretical uncertainty. The information available from direct-photon experiments is contrasted with that learned from jet or single-hadron production. Prospects for new types of measurements in future experiments are also presented.

Large momentum transfer production of direct photons, jets, and particles

First, corrections to order ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s}$${\mathrm{}}^{2}$ (K factors) for photoproduction of large-${p}_{T}$ hadrons are determined in an approximate approach; and preliminary data for this process and for the inclusive deep-inelastic QED Compton effect are found to be in good agreement with theoretical calculations. The study of approximate K factors for large-${p}_{T}$ direct photon production is also extended. Furthermore, a general assessment of our approximate approach of determining next-to-leading logarithm corrections is presented: A formulation of the rules, which have consistently been applied, is given; and the results of all available complete calculations for large-transverse-momentum processes are compared to those of our approach. In most of the cases agreement is at least satisfactory. Finally, an unnatural large variable ${Q}^{2}$, introduced in certain recent complete calculations, is discussed.

K factors for processes involving real photons

Large-p/sub T/ direct photon production by ..pi../sup - +/ beams in the framework of QCD is studied in detail. Higher-order corrections (K factors), photon bremsstrahlung, partons' intrinsic transverse momentum, and higher-twist effects are taken into account. The various ambiguities which beset a theoretical calculation are carefully considered. Comparisons with all available data and further predictions are presented in detail. At fixed energy the ratio of the inclusive cross sections by ..pi../sup -/ and ..pi../sup +/ shows a clear increase with p/sub T/. Certain preliminary data do not support this prediction. It is concluded that precise measurements of this ratio offer an important test of QCD.

Direct photon production by positive- and negative-pion beams.

QCD predictions for the jet activity in direct photon events at the tevatron

Predictions are presented for large-${p}_{T}$ direct photon production in $\overline{p}p$ collisions at CERN ISR ($\sqrt{s}=63$ GeV), CERN collider (540 GeV), and Fermilab Tevatron (1600 GeV) energies in perturbative QCD. Two sets of gluon and other parton distributions determined from deep-inelastic scattering are used. Higher-order corrections ($K$ factors) are approximately taken into account. Contributions from photon bremsstrahlung graphs and the related fractions of photon events accompanied by hadrons are presented and discussed in detail.

/pdf/direct-photon-production-at-cern-isr-cern-collider-and-500v0imf31.pdf

Direct photon production at CERN ISR, CERN collider, and Fermilab Tevatron energies

Perturbative QCD is applied to large-p/sub T/ production of hadrons, one jet, and two jets at CERN collider (..sqrt..s = 540 GeV) and CERN ISR (..sqrt..s = 63 GeV) energies. Two sets of gluon and other parton distributions determined from deep-inelastic scattering are used, and the results are compared. K factors (order-..cap alpha../sub s/ /sup 3/ perturbative corrections) are approximately taken into account. On the whole, experimental data are well accounted for.

Hadron and jet production at CERN collider and ISR energies

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Hadron and jet production at CERN collider and ISR energies

Direct photon production at CERN ISR, CERN collider, and Fermilab Tevatron energies