Decision support systems for agriculture 4.0: Survey and challenges

Smart farming for improving agricultural management

Application, adoption and opportunities for improving decision support systems in irrigated agriculture: A review

https://profdoc.um.ac.ir/articles/a/1080272.pdf

GIS-based agro-ecological zoning for crop suitability using fuzzy inference system in semi-arid regions

Notwithstanding the dispersed nature of the water, energy and food (WEF) nexus scholarship in the African continent, its strategic importance to the African agenda has gained widespread attention in research and planning circles. In this regard, the bibliometric science mapping and content analysis of the WEF nexus scientific publication trends, the conceptual, intellectual and social structures, as well as the inherent paradigmatic shifts in the WEF nexus body of knowledge in the African continent have been undertaken, using the nexus body of literature accessed from the Web of Science and Scopus core collection databases. The review results confirmed that, whilst the WEF nexus scholarship has expanded since 2013, there is also evidence of growth in the conceptual, intellectual and social structures of the WEF nexus in the African continent. These shifts have resulted in the emergence of hot topics (subfields) including modelling and optimization, climate variability and change, environmental ecosystem services sustainability, and sustainable development and livelihoods. The review further determined that these structures have evolved along two main perspectives of WEF nexus research development, i.e., the interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary domains. In support of the interpretation of the visual analytics of the intellectual structure and changing patterns of the WEF nexus research, the shifts in positivist, interpretivist and pragmatic paradigmatic perspectives (these are underpinned by the ontology, epistemology, and methodology and methods) are considered when explaining WEF nexus research shifts: (a) From the unconnected silo paradigms that focus on water, energy and food (security concerns) to interconnected (and sometimes interdependent or nested) linkages or systems incorporating environmental, social-economic and political drivers (also viewed as subfields) in a bid to holistically support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) across the African continent; and (b) in the evaluation of the WEF nexus scholarship based on novel analytical approaches. We contend that whilst the theories of science change underpin this apparent expansion, the macro-economic theory will find use in explaining how the WEF nexus research agenda is negotiated and the Integrative Environmental Governance (IEG) is the duly suited governance theory to bridge the inherent disconnect between WEF nexus output and governance processes uncovered in the literature. Overall, operational challenges and opportunities of the WEF nexus abound, transitioning the WEF nexus research to practice in Africa, motivating the need to take advantage of the scholar–practitioner research underpinnings, as contemplated in the transdisciplinary research approach, which is characterised by the dual quest for new knowledge and considerations of use. Yet, there is need for more coordinated and collaborative research to achieve impact and transition from WEF nexus thinking to WEF nexus practice.

A Review of the Water–Energy–Food Nexus Research in Africa

A decision support tool to enhance agricultural growth in the Mékrou river basin (West Africa).

Access to energy services is a priority for sustainable economic development, especially in rural areas, where small- and medium-sized enterprises have many difficulties in accessing reliable and affordable electricity. Western African countries are highly dependent on biomass resources; therefore, understanding the potential of bioenergy from crop residues is crucial to designing effective land-management practices. The assessment of the capability to use crop residues for electricity production is particularly important in those regions where agriculture is the dominant productive sector and where electrification through grid extension might be challenging. The objective of this work was to guide the development of sustainable strategies for rural areas that support energy development by simultaneously favouring food self-sufficiency capacity and environmental benefits. These complex interlinkages have been jointly assessed in the Senegal river basin by an integrated optimization system using a cropland–energy–water-environment nexus approach. The use of the nexus approach, which integrates various environmental factors, is instrumental to identify optimal land-energy strategies and provide decision makers with greater knowledge of the potential multiple benefits while minimizing trade-offs of the new solutions such as those connected to farmers’ needs, local energy demand, and food and land aspects. By a context-specific analysis, we estimated that, in 2016, 7 million tons of crop residues were generated, resulting in an electricity potential of 4.4 million MWh/year. Several sustainable land-energy management strategies were explored and compared with the current management strategy. Our results indicate that bioenergy production from crop residues can increase with significant variability from 5% to +50% depending on the strategy constraints considered. An example analysis of alternative irrigation in the Guinea region clearly illustrates the existing conflict between water, energy, and food: strategies optimizing bioenergy achieved increases both for energy and food production (+6%) but at the expense of increasing water demand by a factor of nine. The same water demand increase can be used to boost food production (+10%) if a modest decrease in bioenergy production is accepted (−13%).

Bioenergy Potential of Crop Residues in the Senegal River Basin: A Cropland–Energy–Water-Environment Nexus Approach

Mekrou is a transboundary river basin across Benin, Burkina Faso, and Niger. In this area, agricultural production plays a major strategic role in guaranteeing household food security for the sustainable development of the basin. Increasing agricultural productivity is crucial for meeting the growing population demands. Climate change (CC) is already affecting agricultural production due to increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. In this paper, a systematic approach to identify the main factors that influence observed yield gaps and to evaluate the impacts of agricultural intensification on the environment and support local development plans is presented. By using a newly developed decision support system tool (E-Water) linking a geographic information system with the biophysical model EPIC, we demonstrate that the agricultural sector has a growing potential by adopting more integrated and efficient agricultural production systems. The analysis of the crop yield gap shows that the main limiting factor for crop production is low soil fertility, while water is limiting during dry years. We predict that the adoption of more intensive farming techniques and sustainable irrigation practices can increase the capacity of agriculture to efficiently mitigate the impacts of climate change and other external environmental stress factors. We confirm that irrigation can substantially increase yield and that it will be required to adapt to expected climate and increase of rainfall variability.

Identification of Optimal Agricultural Development Strategies in the West African Sahel Mékrou Transboundary River Basin

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A decision support tool to enhance agricultural growth in the Mékrou river basin (West Africa).

Bioenergy Potential of Crop Residues in the Senegal River Basin: A Cropland–Energy–Water-Environment Nexus Approach

Identification of Optimal Agricultural Development Strategies in the West African Sahel Mékrou Transboundary River Basin