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Multisystemic Therapy® for social, emotional, and behavioural problems in youth age 10 to 17: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

This study examined the relationship between known risk factors for youthful offenders and rates of recidivism using Poisson regression models. The sample consisted of 564 male and female juvenile ...

Chronic Juvenile Offenders: Exploring Risk Factor Models of Recidivism

textBackground: An adaptation of multisystemic therapy (MST) was piloted to find out
whether it would yield better outcomes than standard MST in families where the
adolescent not only shows antisocial or delinquent behaviour, but also has an intel‐
lectual disability.
Method: To establish the comparative effectiveness of MST‐ID (n = 55) versus stand‐
ard MST (n = 73), treatment outcomes were compared at the end of treatment and at
6‐month follow‐up. Pre‐treatment differences were controlled for using the propen‐
sity score method.
Results: Multisystemic therapy‐ID resulted in reduced police contact and reduced
rule breaking behaviour that lasted up to 6 months post‐treatment. Compared to
standard MST, MST‐ID more frequently resulted in improvements in parenting skills,
family relations, social support, involvement with pro‐social peers and sustained pos‐
itive behavioural changes. At follow‐up, more adolescents who had received MST‐ID
were still living at home.
Conclusions: These results support further development of and research into the
MST‐ID adaptation.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jar.12551

Evaluating the effects of multisystemic therapy for adolescents with intellectual disabilities and antisocial or delinquent behaviour and their parents.

ABSTRACT Objective This article expands the review of psychosocial treatments for adolescents with disruptive behavior (DB), published previously by this journal. That earlier review focused on DB treatment studies published 1966–2014; the current paper updates the evidence base by incorporating DB treatment studies published 2014–2021. Method A literature search and screening process identified 63 new studies for inclusion in this updated review. The 63 new studies were combined with 86 studies from the prior review and evaluated using Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology level of support criteria, which classify studies as well established, probably efficacious, possibly efficacious, experimental, or of questionable efficacy based on the evidence. Results In total, 3 well-established, 7 probably efficacious, and 10 possibly efficacious treatments for adolescents with DB were identified. Further, 52 treatments were classified as experimental and 22 treatments were determined to have questionable efficacy. Conclusions There continues to be a large body of literature building the evidence base for treatments of adolescent DB. With a few exceptions, treatments falling into the top three evidence levels utilized more than one theoretical approach, enhancing each treatment’s ability to target DB from multiple angles. Key advances include broad representation of various demographic groups, countries of origin, treatment settings, and provider types in this body of research. Despite these advances, more research is needed to address key gaps in the field, including the need for more studies on treatments tailored to adolescents with DB who are not yet involved with the juvenile justice system.

Evidence Base Update of Psychosocial Treatments for Adolescents with Disruptive Behavior

Multisystemic therapy (MST) was developed to help youth with serious social, emotional, and behavioral problems. Research on the efficacy and effectiveness of MST has shown positive outcomes in different domains of development and functioning among various populations of youth. Nonetheless, even with a large body of literature investigating the treatment effects of MST, few studies have focused on the effectiveness of MST through large-scale dissemination efforts. Utilizing a large sample of youth involved in a statewide dissemination of MST (n = 740; 43% females; 14% Black; 29% Hispanic; 49% White; Mage = 14.9 years), propensity score matching was employed to account for baseline differences between the treatment (n = 577) and comparison (n = 163) groups. Treatment effects were examined based on three outcomes: out-of-home placement, adjudication, and placement in a juvenile training school over a 6-year period. Significant group differences remained after adjusting for baseline differences, with youth who received MST experiencing better outcomes in offending rates than youth who did not have an opportunity to complete MST due to non-clinical or administrative reasons. Survival analyses revealed rates of all three outcomes were approximately 40% lower among the treatment group. Overall, this study adds to the body of literature supporting the long-term effectiveness of MST in reducing offending among high-risk youth. The findings underscore the potential benefits of taking evidence-based programs such as MST to scale to improve the well-being and functioning of high-risk youth. However, strategies to effectively deliver the program in mental health service settings, and to address the specific needs of high-risk youth are necessary.

/pdf/placement-and-delinquency-outcomes-among-system-involved-3kq2y7zvic.pdf

Placement and Delinquency Outcomes Among System-Involved Youth Referred to Multisystemic Therapy: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis

Objective: Understanding and identifying disparities in COVID-19 testing outcomes can help allocate resources to where they are most needed. The objective of this study was to estimate the association between lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) identity and SARS-CoV-2 test positivity. Methods: Data were from the Rhode Island SARS-CoV-2 surveillance database and included tests scheduled from June 8, 2020, through January 15, 2021. We used multivariable generalized estimating equations accounting for repeat testing to estimate the odds of receiving a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2 by LGBTQ+ identity and race/ethnicity, adjusting for sociodemographic and temporal confounders. Results: In multivariable analysis of 232 025 tests, LGBTQ+ people had lower odds of receiving a positive test result than cisgender heterosexual people (5.4% vs 8.7%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.59-0.68). Compared with cisgender heterosexual White people, LGBTQ+ White people were significantly less likely (aOR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.61-0.73) and cisgender heterosexual people of color were significantly more likely (aOR = 1.71; 95% CI, 1.64-1.78) to receive a positive test result. LGBTQ+ people of color had similar test positivity (aOR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.79-1.02) as cisgender heterosexual White people. People in sexual minority groups were significantly less likely than heterosexual people to receive a positive test result, but we found no significant differences in test results among cisgender, transgender, and gender nonconforming people. Conclusions: LGBTQ+ people may be less likely than heterosexual people to receive a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, potentially related to protective health practices and greater social isolation. Addressing racial and ethnic disparities among both LGBTQ+ people and cisgender heterosexual people should be a priority of the public health workforce.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/00333549221077073

Statewide Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Diagnoses and Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity

BACKGROUND
Monoclonal antibody (MAB) treatments for COVID-19 received Emergency Use Authorization in the United States.


METHODS
We used surveillance data from Rhode Island to conduct a retrospective, statewide cohort study to estimate the effectiveness of MABs for preventing hospitalization and death during periods when Alpha and Delta variants were predominant.


RESULTS
From 1/17/2021-10/26/2021, 285 long-term congregate care (LTCC) residents and 3,113 non-congregate patients met our eligibility criteria and received MAB; they were matched to 285 and 6,226 controls, respectively. Among LTCC residents, 8.8% (25/285) of patients who received MAB were hospitalized or died compared to 25.3% (72/285) of those who did not receive MAB (adjusted difference=16.7%, 95% confidence interval CI=11.0-22.3%). Among non-congregate patients, 4.5% (140/3,113) of patients who received MAB were hospitalized or died compared to 11.8% (737/6,226) of those who did not receive MAB (adjusted difference=7.2%, 95% CI=6.0-8.4%).


CONCLUSIONS
Administration of MABs led to an absolute reduction in hospitalization or death during periods when Alpha and Delta variants were predominant.

Effectiveness of Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Preventing COVID-19 Hospitalization and Mortality in a Statewide Population.

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Papers

Placement and Delinquency Outcomes Among System-Involved Youth Referred to Multisystemic Therapy: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis

Statewide Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Diagnoses and Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity

Effectiveness of Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Preventing COVID-19 Hospitalization and Mortality in a Statewide Population.