To use solar irradiation or interior lighting efficiently, we sought a photocatalyst with high reactivity under visible light. Films and powders of TiO 2- x N x have revealed an improvement over titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) under visible light (wavelength 2 has proven to be indispensable for band-gap narrowing and photocatalytic activity, as assessed by first-principles calculations and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy.

/pdf/visible-light-photocatalysis-in-nitrogen-doped-titanium-np6nklr9gh.pdf

Visible-Light Photocatalysis in Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Oxides

The chemistry of the coordination polymers has in recent years advanced extensively, affording various architectures, which are constructed from a variety of molecular building blocks with different interactions between them. The next challenge is the chemical and physical functionalization of these architectures, through the porous properties of the frameworks. This review concentrates on three aspects of coordination polymers: 1). the use of crystal engineering to construct porous frameworks from connectors and linkers ("nanospace engineering"), 2). characterizing and cataloging the porous properties by functions for storage, exchange, separation, etc., and 3). the next generation of porous functions based on dynamic crystal transformations caused by guest molecules or physical stimuli. Our aim is to present the state of the art chemistry and physics of and in the micropores of porous coordination polymers.

Functional porous coordination polymers.

Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Applications

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) offer the possibilities to design solar cells with a large flexibility in shape, color, and transparency. DSC research groups have been established around the worl ...

/pdf/dye-sensitized-solar-cells-50b0w2bhsr.pdf

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

/pdf/self-assembled-monolayers-of-thiolates-on-metals-as-a-form-1neb0hj3k4.pdf

Self-assembled monolayers of thiolates on metals as a form of nanotechnology.

In 1972, Fujishima and Honda discovered the photocatalytic splitting of water on TiO{sub 2} electrodes. This event marked the beginning of a new era in heterogeneous photocatalysis. Since then, research efforts in understanding the fundamental processes and in enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO{sub 2} have come from extensive research performed by chemists, physicists, and chemical engineers. Such studies are often related to energy renewal and energy storage. In recent years, applications to environmental cleanup have been one of the most active areas in heterogeneous photocatalysis. This is inspired by the potential application of TiO{sub 2}-based photocatalysts for the total destruction of organic compounds in polluted air and wastewaters. There exists a vast body of literature dealing with the electron transfer and energy transfer processes in photocatalytic reactions. A detailed description of these processes is beyond the scope of this review. Here, the authors tend to focus on interfacial processes and to summarize some of the operating principles of heterogeneous photocatalysis. In section 2, the authors first look at the electronic excitation processes in a molecule and in a semiconductor substrate. The electronic interaction between the adsorbate molecule and the catalyst substrate is discussed in terms of the catalyzed ormore » sensitized photoreactions. In section 3, thermal and photocatalytic studies on TiO{sub 2} are summarized with emphasis on the common characteristics and fundamental principles of the TiO{sub 2}-based photocatalysis systems. In section 4, they address the research effort in the electronic modification of the semiconductor catalysts and its effect on the photocatalytic efficiency. Several representative examples will be presented including the Schottky barrier formation and modification at metal-semiconductor interfaces. Some concluding remarks and future research directions will be given in the final section. 160 refs.« less

/pdf/photocatalysis-on-tio2-surfaces-principles-mechanisms-and-22appht8jc.pdf

Photocatalysis on TiO2 Surfaces - Principles, Mechanisms, and Selected Results

Surface Science Studies of the Photoactivation of TiO2New Photochemical Processes

/pdf/studies-in-surface-science-and-catalysis-2ogdlcr44y.pdf

Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis

The prevailing view of CO oxidation on gold-titanium oxide (Au/TiO 2 ) catalysts is that the reaction occurs on metal sites at the Au/TiO 2 interface. We observed dual catalytic sites at the perimeter of 3-nanometer Au particles supported on TiO 2 during CO oxidation. Infrared-kinetic measurements indicate that O-O bond scission is activated by the formation of a CO-O 2 complex at dual Ti-Au sites at the Au/TiO 2 interface. Density functional theory calculations, which provide the activation barriers for the formation and bond scission of the CO-O 2 complex, confirm this model as well as the measured apparent activation energy of 0.16 electron volt. The observation of sequential delivery and reaction of CO first from TiO 2 sites and then from Au sites indicates that catalytic activity occurs at the perimeter of Au nanoparticles.

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/333/6043/736.full.pdf

Spectroscopic Observation of Dual Catalytic Sites During Oxidation of CO on a Au/TiO2 Catalyst

: The chemistry of silicon single crystal surfaces is reviewed along with the surface reconstruction processes which occur on clean silicon single crystal surfaces. Examples of surface reactivity with elements and compounds from each group of the periodic table are included. In addition, a table of current references to adsorption systems involving over 1000 recent papers is included, and this information is arranged for easy access.

Surface Chemistry of Silicon.

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