Abstract Nowadays, with the aging of the bridges and the advancements in technology, load testing has emerged as an effective method to assess existing concrete bridges with missing information, or where analytical methods do not provide an accurate assessment. Two types of load tests are identified: diagnostic load tests and proof load tests. Both rely on field measurements of parameters or structural responses of the bridge during the test. A diagnostic load test measures the response of the bridge so that analytical models can be calibrated and evaluated. In a proof load test, the bridge directly demonstrates that it can carry a certain load. Since large loads are applied, the bridge needs to be carefully monitored. In this case, monitoring the measurements provide a warning to avoid damage. This paper reviews the literature on reported load tests and the measurement techniques used during these tests. It also includes a review of traditional and recently developed sensing technologies. Finally, the measurement requirements for diagnostic and proof load tests are given as well as a flow chart to guide engineers in the selection process of appropriate monitoring and measurement techniques during load tests. This paper can serve engineers during the preparation of a load test.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/15732479.2022.2063906?needAccess=true

Monitoring structural responses during load testing of reinforced concrete bridges: a review

As an active part of geography, tourism geography mainly studies the relationship between people's tourism activities and geographical environment. It belongs to an important branch of human geography. At the same time, it is also an interdisciplinary subject, especially with physical geography Science, economic geography, tourism science, agronomy, ecology and psychology are closely related and permeate each other. At present, the research of tourism geography mostly focuses on the tourism resources of tourism destinations, and the research on Tourism channels and tourists lags behind. This paper studies the classification method of rural tourism characteristics based on hierarchical cluster analysis, divides the data into different clusters, and then analyzes it according to the number of variables in each cluster. Divide the data into different clusters, and then analyze the relationship between all variables in a specific group or category (cluster). 

Rural Tourism Feature Division Method Based on Hierarchical Cluster Analysis

Eulerian fast motion identification algorithm for deformation measurement of cable-stayed bridge

Bridge Vibration Virtual Sensor Based on Eulerian Video Magnification and Gray Mean Difference

In view of the difficulty of sensor installation and complicated process in traditional structure health monitoring, a feature point monitoring based on optical flow is proposed in this paper. A high-speed camera is applied to capture the dynamic response of the structure under excitation, and feature point could be selected and marked at any position in the video. The movement of the selected point could be traced and calculated by feature optical flow method, and the displacement time series of the feature point could be obtained. Results show that the displacement time series obtained from proposed method in this paper is consistent with the data of the pull-wire displacement sensor, the maximum displacement error is 3.3%, the method proposed is more flexible, convenient and of low cost.

Research on Dynamic Structure Displacement Monitoring Based on Feature Optical Flow Method

Research on structural damage identification method based on optical flow method and flexibility difference

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Bridge Vibration Virtual Sensor Based on Eulerian Video Magnification and Gray Mean Difference

Research on Dynamic Structure Displacement Monitoring Based on Feature Optical Flow Method

Research on structural damage identification method based on optical flow method and flexibility difference