Central to a comprehensive asset management program is the ability to evaluate and know the condition and performance characteristics of all inventoried assets in the real property inventory (Federal Real Property Council [FRPC] Guidance, Section 4 "Operations of Real Property Assets"). In the case of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Civil Works business area, this inventory includes an enormous array of multi-purpose dams, locks, levees, and hydropower generation facilities (as well as buildings, roads, and bridges). This report is a digest of condition assessment methodologies for Civil Works infrastructure. Included in the digest are insights and observations collected by the research team over the duration of the Repair, Evaluation, Maintenance, and Rehabilitation Program that are pertinent to any organization interested in developing an asset management program. This digest is intended to be used in creating a USACE asset management program that also follows FRPC guidance.

/pdf/condition-assessment-aspects-of-an-asset-management-program-25ex3z26ke.pdf

Condition assessment aspects of an asset management program

The beach drainage can be included among the soft engineering methods aimed to counteract the shoreline retreat related to the sediment redistribution along the beach profile. The idea that the groundwater table plays a role in the mobilization of the sediment grains underlies the application of the beach drainage system (BDS) as a tool able to modify the natural dynamics of groundwater table at sandy beaches. Indeed, BDS consists of a series of alongshore buried drains aimed to lower the groundwater table. Due to the drainage, the thickening of the layer of dry sand makes the solid grains less prone to be mobilized by the action of the waves at the swash zone, where interaction phenomena between the percolating and the incoming water lens take place. This tool had a troubled history. Its first applications were encouraging. Since then, controversial performances of both experimental and prototype scale experiences have been observed around the world. This paper aims to present an up-to-date full review of the studies and experiments carried out so far, in order to provide the reader with a complete perspective on its strength and weakness as well as open challenges to be faced in the near future.

/pdf/beach-drainage-system-a-comprehensive-review-of-a-1p86o3rm.pdf

Beach Drainage System: A Comprehensive Review of a Controversial Soft-Engineering Method

Coastal ecosystems, such as seagrass meadows, have been heralded as a nature-based solution for coastal protection. However, the functions of seagrass meadows, including wave attenuation and sediment stabilisation, have typically been measured offshore and do not directly translate to coastal protection at the shoreline. In contrast, the protective effects of conventional submerged structures, such as breakwaters and artificial reefs, on adjacent shorelines have been well described and are predictable. Importantly, these artificial structures often cause erosion in adjacent areas. This study examines how seagrass may affect shoreline morphodynamics by making inferences from existing knowledge of conventional submerged structures. Both conventional submerged structures and seagrass meadows affect wave height and direction, yet this effect on longshore sediment transport has only been considered within the context of coastal defence structures. From the conventional literature on submerged structures, it is known that a constant rate of longshore sediment transport will result in a constant shoreline shape. Therefore, a change in the rate of longshore sediment transport, or gradient, generates changes in the shoreline shape and, hence, the shoreline morphodynamics. We propose that seagrass also has spatially heterogeneous effects on shoreline morphodynamics, with protection occurring in some locations and downstream erosion likely in others. Empirical and modeling research is required to test this hypothesis. In the meantime, this review suggests contexts under which seagrass may affect shoreline morphodynamics and provide shoreline protection. This research bridges the gaps in knowledge across marine ecology, physical oceanography and coastal engineering to overcome some of the challenges of interdisciplinary coastal science. 

Contextualising shoreline protection by seagrass using lessons from submerged breakwaters

Experimental and numerical modeling of pile-rock breakwater gap arrangement for optimal coastal erosion protection in deltaic coasts

The effect of a detached breakwater, which was constructed to improve harbor tranquility inside Pohang New Port, was examined through the comparison of wave data measured before and after the construction of the breakwater. The observation data showed that the wave energy was effectively reduced by the breakwater, although the wave height measured outside the breakwater was higher after its construction. The wave energy was reduced in all of the measured wave-propagating directions, but it was also observed that the breakwater became less effective in protecting against northeastwaves than in protecting against NNE waves. The BOUSS-2D Boussinesq-type wave model was employed to analyze the pattern of wave propagation, showing that, before the breakwater’s construction, NE waves could directly enter the port, increasing the wave energy inside the port. After the breakwater’s construction, simulations showed that the detached breakwater effectively blocked the waves approaching the port from both the NNE and NE directions, although the wave heights of the waves from the extreme NE direction inside the port increased. Considering that the estimated probability of failing to preserve the port tranquility was only 0.2–0.5% for these extreme NE waves, it was concluded that no secondary structures were necessary, and the existing breakwater was sufficient for the protection of the port.

/pdf/wave-height-reduction-inside-pohang-new-port-korea-due-to-2ffl6urv.pdf

Wave Height Reduction Inside Pohang New Port, Korea, Due to the Construction of a Detached Breakwater

In coastal areas under tidal influence, recurrent dredging is an important part of the maintenance work to secure the nautical situation and the functionality of the harbors. In the past, the orientation of dredging activities was purely economic but since the early 80's, environmental concerns have rapidly increased and these concerns often define the limiting or determining factors that cover all parts of such operations in the marine region. At present, the sometimes quite different interests of engineering and ecological groups are becoming more gentle. Besides the natural learning effect from the changes in general, economic conditions are also an important factor. This situation especially applies when maintenance dredging takes place within the limits of a national park where environmental concerns have the highest priority. The scope of the engineering investigations was the estimation of the environmental capacity as a function of hydrology, sedimentation and biology leading to a specific management for dredging and disposal areas.

/pdf/dredging-and-disposal-within-the-limits-of-a-national-park-uw2fvr8n45.pdf

Dredging and disposal within the limits of a national park

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Dredging and disposal within the limits of a national park