The effects of the administration of acetazolamide and thiamine (A + T) on the symptoms of tardive dyskinesia (TD) and parkinsonism of 8 elderly and 25 younger chronic hospitalized mental patients were examined in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, counterbalanced two-period crossover study with initial baselines and intervening washout periods. All patients were maintained on their prestudy psychoactive and anti-Parkinson medications, without alteration, throughout the study. The elderly group received 1.5 g acetazolamide and thiamine per day in three divided doses for 3 weeks. The younger group received 1.5 g thiamine and 2.0 g acetazolamide per day in divided doses for 2 months. Both groups showed a significant decrease in scores on the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (TD) and the Simpson-Angus Neurological Rating Scale (parkinsonism) while on A + T. The A + T effects were unrelated to age, gender, diagnosis, or maintenance medications. (J Clin Psychopharmacol 1997;17:190-193).

A treatment for tardive dyskinesia and some other extrapyramidal symptoms.

Long term results of percutaneous treatment of caliceal diverticular calculi.

The inhibitory effects of lipoic compounds on mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and its catalytic components

Objective—To determine effects of lipoic acid, vitamin E, and cysteine before and after oxidant challenge in cats. Animals—24 sexually intact adult cats. Procedure—Cats were allocated into 4 equal groups. For 25 weeks, group A was fed a control dry diet and groups B, C, and D received this diet supplemented with vitamin E (2,200 U/kg [dry matter basis {DMB}]) plus cysteine (9.5 g/kg [DMB]), lipoate (150 mg/kg [DMB]), or all 3 antioxidants together, respectively. Weights were measured every 3 days and venous blood obtained every 5 weeks for CBC; serum biochemical analyses; lymphocyte blastogenesis; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration; and concentrations of plasma protein carbonyl, 8-OH dguanosine, blood glutathione, plasma amino acid, lipoate, and dihydrolipoate. At 15 weeks, all cats received acetaminophen (9 mg/kg, PO, once), clinical effects were observed, and methemoglobin concentrations were measured. Results—Lymphocyte blastogenesis increased transiently in group C and D cats. After...

Effects of dietary antioxidant supplementation before and after oral acetaminophen challenge in cats

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a common condition that affects 10% population in the United States (US). The relationship between thiamine and riboflavin intake and KSD has not been well-studied. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of KSD and the association between dietary thiamine and riboflavin intake with KSD in the US population.This large-scale, cross-sectional study included subjects from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018. KSD and dietary intake were collected from questionnaires and 24-hour recall interviews. Logistic regression and sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate the association.This study included 26,786 adult participants with a mean age of 50.12 ± 17.61 years old. The prevalence of KSD was 9.62%. After adjusting for all potential covariates, we found that higher riboflavin intake was negatively related to KSD compared with dietary intake of riboflavin < 2 mg/day in the fully-adjusted model (OR = 0.541, 95% CI = 0.368 to 0.795, P = 0.002). After stratifying by gender and age, we found that the impact of riboflavin on KSD still existed in all age subgroups (P < 0.05) but only in males (P = 0.001). No such associations were found between dietary intake of thiamine and KSD in any of the subgroups.Our study suggested that a high intake of riboflavin is independently inversely associated with kidney stones, especially in male population. No association was found between dietary intake of thiamine and KSD. Further studies are needed to confirm our results and explore the causal relationships. 

/pdf/the-association-of-dietary-intake-of-riboflavin-and-thiamine-11xjhhlr.pdf

The association of dietary intake of riboflavin and thiamine with kidney stone: a cross-sectional survey of NHANES 2007–2018

Induced precipitation of Ca-oxalate crystals and the possibility of its prevention were studied in dogs. In the first phase of the experiments precipitation of Ca-oxalate crystals in canine renal tubules was induced by intraperitoneal administration of Na-glyoxylate. Preventive medication (lipoic acid, vitamin B1, Milurit), applied in the second phase, resulted in a significant depression of induced precipitation. The successful experiments serve as a basis for clinical research aimed at a preventive medication of recurrent Ca-oxalate stone formation.

Induced precipitation of calcium-oxalate crystals and its prevention in laboratory animals.

The factors underlying the formation of Ca-phosphate and struvite calculi, as well as the present possibilities for oral and local therapy, their advantages and drawbacks are discussed in the light of published evidence. In this context a clinical case of multiple injuries is reported in which practically complete chemolitholysis has been achieved by combined oral and local therapy. The rapid growth of the calculi and their alarming tendency to recurrence in case of inadequate treatment is emphasized. The therapeutic method used in this case is regarded as suitable for practical purposes.

Combined oral and local therapy for the dissolution of urinary calculi

A modified surgical technique for calculous hydrocalyx, based on partial calyceal resection with simultaneous correction of the morphological abnormality responsible for stone formation is described. Access to the calyx is gained by a modified marginopolar resection. The modification developed by the authors consists in carrying the resection line laterally to the vertical axis of teh kidney. The parenchyma is closed by U-shaped “hair-pin” stitches. Preparation of the limbic, pelvic and ureteral areas is abstained from, thus avoiding scarring which might affect renal lymph and blood flow and interfere with urinary transport. The results obtained in 85 cases of calculous hydrocalyx over an 8-year period were satisfactory. The rate of calculous recurrences was not higher than 3.5 per cent.

Surgery of calculous hydrocalyx (Calyceoplastic surgery)

Isolated retroaortal left renal vein was observed on clinical material during operations. Out of 28 cases it could be seen twice. This developmental variation demands attention with regard to operative technique.

Clinical significance of the isolated left retroaortal renal vein.

The method of fibrin pyelotomy used in the surgery for multiple renal calculi is described. The indications, field of application and the results of the method are discussed. Its use on a larger scale is advocated. It is pointed out that complete removal of the stones in case of multiple calculi is facilitated by this procedure.

Fibrin pyelotomy for the removal of multiple renal calculi

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