Continuous monitoring of chemical signals in plants under stress

Nitrogen Deposition Effects on Invasive and Native Plant Competition: Implications for Future Invasions.

Rapid, high-sensitivity, and real-time characterization of microorganisms plays a significant role in several areas, including clinical diagnosis, human healthcare, early detection of outbreaks, and the protection of living beings. Integrating microbiology and electrical engineering promises the development of low-cost, miniaturized, autonomous, and high-sensitivity sensors to quantify and characterize bacterial strains at various concentrations. Electrochemical-based biosensors are receiving particular attention in microbiological applications among the different biosensing devices. Several approaches have been adopted to design and fabricate cutting-edge, miniaturized, and portable electrochemical biosensors to track and monitor bacterial cultures in real time. These techniques differ in their sensing interface circuits and microelectrode fabrication. The goals of this review are (1) to summarize the current state of CMOS sensing circuit designs in label-free electrochemical biosensors for bacteria monitoring and (2) to discuss the material and size of the electrodes used in electrochemical biosensors in microbiological applications. In this paper, we reviewed the latest and most advanced CMOS integrated interface circuits that have recently been used in electrochemical biosensors to identify and characterize bacteria species, such as impedance spectroscopy, capacitive, amperometry, and voltammetry, etc. In addition to the interface circuit design, other crucial factors, such as the material and scale of the electrodes, must be considered to increase the sensitivity of electrochemical biosensors. Surveying the literature in this field improves our knowledge about the impact of electrode designs and materials on sensing precision and will help future designers adapt, design, and fabricate appropriate electrode configurations based on their application. Thus, we summarized the conventional microelectrode designs and materials mainly employed in microbial sensors, including interdigitated electrodes (IDEs), microelectrode arrays (MEAs), paper, and carbon-based electrodes, etc. 

Recent Advances in CMOS Electrochemical Biosensor Design for Microbial Monitoring: Review and Design Methodology

Cable bacteria accelerate the anaerobic removal of pyrene in black odorous river sediments

Cable bacteria regulate sedimentary phosphorus release in freshwater sediments.

Ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) sensor is a hot topic these years, playing the combined roles of signal recognizer and converter for (bio)chemical analytes. In this review article, the basic concept, origination, and history of the ISFET sensor are presented. In addition, the common fabrication processes, the most-used working principle (potentiometric, amperometric, and impedancemetric), and the techniques of gate functionality (physical, chemical, and biological) are discussed introducing the afterward signal transfer processes from ISFET to the terminals through different types of circuits. At last, the development and recent progress (until 2021) of ions and biomolecules (DNA molecules, antibodies, enzymatic substrates, and cell-related secretions or metabolism) were introduced together with the outlook and facing obstacles (Debye screening, the wearability of ISFET, the multiplexed detections) before the commercialization of ISFET. This review article emphasizes the advantages of the developed ISFET sensors as miniaturization, low-cost, all-solid, highly sensitive, and easy operation for portable and multiplexed detections. 

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/elsa.202100207

ISFET‐based sensors for (bio)chemical applications: A review

Water quality drives the distribution of freshwater cable bacteria.

Trait value and phenotypic integration contribute to the response of exotic Rhus typhina seedlings to heterogeneous nitrogen deposition: A comparison with native Rhus chinensis.

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ISFET‐based sensors for (bio)chemical applications: A review

Water quality drives the distribution of freshwater cable bacteria.

Trait value and phenotypic integration contribute to the response of exotic Rhus typhina seedlings to heterogeneous nitrogen deposition: A comparison with native Rhus chinensis.