(1992). Architecture: The Story of Practice. Journal of Architectural Education: Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 61-62.

Architecture: The Story of Practice

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Design For The Real World

PURPOSE:

The concept of universal design (UD) has acquired global significance and become orthodoxy of what is presented as the very best of design practice. This is despite limited evaluation of the theoretical content of the concept. This article seeks to redress this shortfall in knowledge by providing a critique of the theoretical and conceptual components that underpin the principles of universal design.
METHOD:

Commentary.
RESULTS:

The content of UD appears to be reductive and functionalist, with an appeal to discourses of technical flexibility, or the notion that the problems confronting disabled people by poorly designed built environments may be redressed by recourse to technical and management solutions. UD is characterized by its advocation of the marketization of access as the primary means to ensure the accessibility of products, including the built environment. This has the potential to reduce the "right to access" to a right to be exercised through a market presence or transaction. There is also lack of clarity about what advocates of UD understand universalism to be, as illustrated by evidence of some ambivalence towards specialist or particular design solutions.
CONCLUSIONS:

UD provides a useful, yet partial, understanding of the interrelationships between disability and design that may limit how far inequalities of access to the built environment can be overcome.

Universalism, universal design and equitable access to the built environment

The concept of aging successfully has become increasingly important as demographics shift towards an aging population. Successful aging has been defined to include (1) a low probability of disease and disease-related disability; (2) a high level of physical and cognitive functioning; and (3) an active engagement in life. The built environment can create opportunities or constraints for seniors to participate in social and productive activities. Universally designed spaces are more easily accessed and used by a spectrum of people without specialized adaptations. Thus, a universally designed environment creates opportunities for older adults to participate in these activities without the stigmatization associated with adapted or accessible designs. Providing older adults with specific universal design options (e.g., lever handle faucets) has the potential to increase the ease of completing activities of daily living, which promotes a continual engagement in life. Literature regarding universal design is promising; however, its theory requires further attention from professionals designing the built environment, evidence of the significance of its application from academics, and the embracement of its core principles from society. Overall, universal design has the potential to provide a stepping stone toward successful aging.

/pdf/universal-design-a-step-toward-successful-aging-8gekiv2msf.pdf

Universal Design: A Step toward Successful Aging

This open access book explores the strategic importance and advantages of adopting multidisciplinary and multiscalar approaches of inquiry and intervention with respect to the built environment, based on principles of sustainability and circular economy strategies. A series of key challenges are considered in depth from a multidisciplinary perspective, spanning engineering, architecture, and regional and urban economics. These challenges include strategies to relaunch socioeconomic development through regenerative processes, the regeneration of urban spaces from the perspective of resilience, the development and deployment of innovative products and processes in the construction sector in order to comply more fully with the principles of sustainability and circularity, and the development of multiscale approaches to enhance the performance of both the existing building stock and new buildings. The book offers a rich selection of conceptual, empirical, methodological, technical, and case study/project-based research. It will be of value for all who have an interest in regeneration of the built environment from a circular economy perspective.

Regeneration of the Built Environment From a Circular Economy Perspective

According to contemporary academic and social insights, human functional limitations and handicaps are not exclusively the result of the physical and / or mental characteristics of the individual (medical model), but they can just as well be a consequence of a maladjustment of the social and physical environment (conflict / social model). This radical reversal of focus from person to environment, or in other words, from the assessment that the person is impeded to the insight that the physical and social environment is an impediment , has far-reaching consequences for the designing of human-made environments.

Documenting handicap situations and eliminations through Universal Design Patterns

This research was supported by Politecnico di Milano and Hasselt University. The authors are grateful to Hasselt University, which provided the opportunity for conducting part of the research with the Belgian scientific community.

“Design for All” Manual: From Users’ Needs to Inclusive Design Strategies

The step-by-step expansion of the corpus of design knowledge, to incorporate the needs and wishes of the real diversity of users, requires a large amount of additional information about environment-related human 'dis-abilities' (limitations and possibilities) To arrange and document this large amount of new design information there is a need in the first instance for a global model that makes it possible to map in a theoretical and deductive manner the relevant diversity of users and the complexity of built environments To this end, a Universal Design Users - Built Environments Model is elaborated to list the users' disabilities and activities, and to map the matching aspects and elements of built environments (mapping) In the second instance, the empirically detected disabling aspects and elements of built environments must be analysed in greater detail to assist decision-makers and designers This information about both people - environment 'Conflicts' and empirically based 'Resolutions', is documented in a so-called Universal Design Pattern database (documenting)

https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/685891/file/6819718.pdf

Mapping and documenting conflicts between users and built environments

paper reports on a recent Belgian initiative targeting architectural practice through the professional press. Architecture critics were invited to revisit an exemplary public building while being blindfolded and guided by persons who are visually impaired. Afterwards, they were asked to report on this visit in an article for an architectural magazine. The initiative aimed at drawing the attention of the critics—and, by extension, the readers of their articles—to the need for accessibility, usability and comfort for the real diversity of users, but also to architecture's potential multisensory richness.

https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/206651/2/09include-heylighen.pdf.pdf

Architecture Criticism Blindfolded

Corresponding Author: ZAP-track assistant professor, Dr. Arch. Jasmien Herssens, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw E, 3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt Belgium; Email: Jasmien.Herssens@uhasselt.be

/pdf/inclusive-housing-lab-for-all-a-home-for-research-1a43qx3320.pdf

Inclusive Housing (Lab) for All: a home for research, demonstration and information on Universal Design (UD)

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