Cenozoic dinoflagellate cysts and acritarchs from the Bering Sea and northern North Pacific, DSDP Leg 19.

Palynological analysis of the highly fossiliferous marine clays of the St. Erth Beds of Cornwall has revealed the presence of dinoflagellates, acritarchs and prasinophytes, scolecodonts, microforaminiferal linings, freshwater? invertebrates, freshwater algal spores, embryophyte spores and pollen, fungal spores, and plant cuticles. These groups are documented here and several, including the dinoflagellates, are reported from the St. Erth Beds for the first time. The marine clays were deposited in warm, shallow waters of an inlet or embayment during a probable high stand in sea level. They are generally held to be of late Pliocene age, planktonic foraminiferal evidence placing them at between 1.9 and 2.1 Ma (late late Pliocene). Dinoflagellates are consistent with a late Pliocene age. Spores and pollen, if not reworked, suggest placement no higher than the lower part of the Tiglian Stage (upper Pliocene) of The Netherlands. Analysis of all palynological groups permits terrestrial and marine climates to be evaluated independently. The spore-pollen assemblage has some thermophilic elements but mainly reflects a cool-temperate terrestrial climate. In contrast, dinoflagellates—dominated by gymnodinialean? and protoperidinioid cysts—indicate warm inner neritic waters and present some evidence for subtropical to tropical conditions with winter sea-surface temperatures above 15°. Increased influence of the Gulf Stream during the late Pliocene, perhaps superimposed upon a phase of global warming, is hypothesized to explain these differentially elevated marine temperatures. The St. Erth inlet was not markedly brackish or hypersaline judging from the dinoflagellates, but rare freshwater algal spores attest either to some freshwater input or redeposition from sandy soils during marine incursion. High abundance of scolecodonts, about 1,500 to 2,000 per gram dry weight of sediment, allows speculation that the inlet hosted a thriving association of latest Pliocene marine annelid worms. A species of algae incertae sedis, Halodinium scopaeum, and three species of dinoflagellate, Algidasphaeridium? euaxum, Sumatradinium pliocenicum, and Trinovantedinium sterthense, are proposed as new. The dinoflagellate genus Selenopemphix Benedek, 1972, is emended herein. Quinquecuspis Harland, 1977, is now validated by the transfer of Trinovantedinium concretum Reid, 1978, to Quinquecuspis Harland, 1977, as Q. concreta n. comb.

Dinoflagellates, Sporomorphs, and Other Palynomorphs from the Upper Pliocene St. Erth Beds of Cornwall, Southwestern England

/pdf/palynology-and-dinocyst-stratigraphy-of-the-upper-miocene-csqg1pivz2.pdf

Palynology and Dinocyst Stratigraphy of the Upper Miocene and Lowermost Pliocene, ODP Leg 105, Site 646, Labrador Sea

/pdf/palynology-and-dinocyst-stratigraphy-of-the-eocene-and-xhxafa8nx7.pdf

Palynology and Dinocyst Stratigraphy of the Eocene and Oligocene in ODP Leg 105, Hole 647A, Labrador Sea

During Leg 48 of IPOD, four holes were drilled at four sites on the southwestern margin of the Rockall Plateau. Palynological preparations were made of samples from all four sites. Most of the samples proved rich in palymorphs, especially dinoflagellate cysts; the greatest abundance occurs in the Eocene; younger sediments, mainly pelagic oozes, yield poorer assemblages. Preservation is good to excellent throughout most of the sequences. The samples studied and selected species lists for each site are given in Tables 1-4. A combined range chart is shown in Table 5; this is based mostly on species known to have restricted stratigraphic range in European and North American reference sections. These ranges permit the establishment of nine informal partial-range zones which, it is hoped, allow comparison with several zonal schemes published for dinocyst sequences in various parts of the world. The abundance and type of pollen were studied, although not in great detail. Note was also taken of the nature and amount of palynological debris, and of the extent to which the material has been affected by temperature. The Thermal Index, based on the coloration scale by Staplin and Evans (1973), was approximately determined for indigenous material in each interval. Evidence for reworking was also recorded. The results will be discussed in chronological order.

Cenozoic Dinocyst Stratigraphy of Sites 403 to 406 (Rockall Plateau), IPOD, Leg 48

Palynologic analyses of Upper Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks of the Grand Banks, Atlantic continental margin

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Palynologic analyses of Upper Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks of the Grand Banks, Atlantic continental margin