Understanding of chronic sequelae development after Campylobacter infection is limited The objective of the study was to determine via systematic review and meta-analysis the proportion of Campylobacter cases that develop chronic sequelae A systematic review of English language articles published prior to July 2011 located using Pubmed, Agricola, CabDirect, and Food Safety and Technology Abstracts Observational studies reporting the number of Campylobacter cases that developed reactive arthritis (ReA), Reiter’s syndrome (RS), haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ,Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) or Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) were included Data extraction through independent extraction of articles by four reviewers (two per article) Random effects meta-analysis was performed and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 value Meta-regression was used to explore the influence of study level variables on heterogeneity A total of 31 studies were identified; 20 reported on ReA, 2 reported on RS, 9 reported on IBS, 3 studies reported on IBD, 8 reported on GBS, 1 reported on MFS and 3 reported on HUS The proportion of Campylobacter cases that developed ReA was 286% (95% CI 140% - 561%, I2 = 977%), irritable bowel syndrome was 401% (95% CI 141% - 1088%, I2 = 992%) Guillain Barre syndrome was 007% (95% CI 003% - 015%, I2 = 727%) A significant number of Campylobacter cases develop a chronic sequela However, results should be interpreted with caution due to the high heterogeneity

/pdf/systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-the-proportion-of-12sta02h9k.pdf

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the proportion of Campylobacter cases that develop chronic sequelae

Campylobacter is an important cause of foodborne gastroenteritis. We determined the occurrence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, using culture-based methods and PCRs targeting virulence-associated genes (VAGs) among children aged ≤14 years who were treated for diarrhoea at emergency rooms in northeastern Brazil. Genomic DNA was extracted directly from stool samples collected from 366 children. A questionnaire was also applied to qualify the clinical conditions presented by each child at the time of admission. C. jejuni and C. coli were detected in 16.4 % (60/366) and 1.4 % (5/366) of the diarrhoeal samples, respectively, by PCR, a much higher proportion than that detected by conventional methods. C. jejuni VAGs were detected in the following proportions of hipO-positive samples: ciaB, 95 % (57/60); dnaJ, 86.7 % (52/60); racR, 98.3 % (59/60); flaA, 80 % (48/60); pldA, 45 % (27/60); cdtABC, 95 % (57/60); and pVir 0 % (0/60). Particular symptoms, such as blood in faeces, vomiting, fever, and/or abdominal pain, were not associated with detection of C. jejuni nor were they associated with any particular VAG or combination of VAGs (P>0.05). C. jejuni and its VAGs were detected in a substantial proportion of the children admitted. Further efforts shall be directed towards elucidating whether these genetic factors or their expressed proteins play a role in Campylobacter pathogenesis.

/pdf/campylobacter-jejuni-infection-and-virulence-associated-nizkje4jy8.pdf

Campylobacter jejuni infection and virulence-associated genes in children with moderate to severe diarrhoea admitted to emergency rooms in northeastern Brazil.

Objective
To investigate the etiology of bacterial enteropathogens causing diarrhea among children; to elucidate the risk factors, sign and symptoms involved in developing of infection; and to identify the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.

Bacterial Enteropathogens and Risk Factors Associated with Childhood Diarrhea

Factors associated with sequelae of campylobacter and non-typhoidal salmonella infections : a systematic review

The incidence of the virulence-associated genes cdtA, cdtB, cdtC, cadF, dnaJ, racR, and pldA has been investi- gated in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli collected from raw chicken and beef from retailers in Tehran, Iran, and from hospitalized children (age, £14 years) suffering from diarrhea. Campylobacter spp. were collectively identified by morphological and biochemical methods. Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli were discriminated from other Campylo- bacter spp. by amplification of a specific conserved fragment of the 16S rRNA gene. The distinction between C. jejuni and C. coli was subsequently made by molecular determination of the presence of the hipO gene in C. jejuni or the ask gene in C. coli. Fragments of the studied virulence-associated genes, cdtA, cdtB, cdtC, cadF, racR, dnaJ, and pldA, were amplified by PCR and subjected to horizontal gel electrophoresis. A total of 71 isolates of C. jejuni and 24 isolates of C. coli from meat were analyzed, while the numbers of isolates from the hospitalized children were 28 and 9, respectively. The unequal distribution of C. jejuni and C. coli in the samples has also been reported in other studies. Statistical analyses by the use of the two-tailed Fisher's exact test of the occurrence of the virulence genes in the isolates of different origins showed that the occurrence of the dnaJ gene was consistently significantly higher in all C. jejuni isolates than in C. coli. The occurrence of the other virulence markers did not differ significantly between species in the majority of the isolates. The PCR results also showed that the occurrence of the virulence markers in the analyzed isolates was much lower than in other studies, which may be caused by a divergent genomic pool of our isolates in comparison with others.

Prevalence of putative virulence markers in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from hospitalized children, raw chicken, and raw beef in Tehran, Iran

Background and purpose Campylobacter infection is recognized as a major cause of acute enteritis in humans. The clinical characteristics may vary in different countries. This study investigated the clinical manifestations of pediatric Campylobacter enteritis in a medical center in northern Taiwan. Methods This was a retrospective review of Campylobacter enteritis infections at National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, from January 2000 to December 2006. All children who tested positive for Campylobacter, isolated from stool samples, were included in the study. Data collected and evaluated included the species of Campylobacter, age, gender, underlying disease, travel history, clinical manifestations and laboratory data. Results A total of 104 patients had enteric campylobacteriosis. Campylobacter coli was grown from 24 patients (23.1%), while Campylobacter jejuni was found in 80 patients (76.9%). More than half of the infections (60.6%) occurred in children less than 5 years old. The male-to-female ratio was 2.46:1. Fifteen patients had underlying diseases (14.4%), such as hematologic malignancy, solid organ transplantation and liver cirrhosis. Watery diarrhea (93.2%), abdominal pain (92.0%), fever (81.2%), and vomiting (46.1%) were the most common clinical manifestations. Three episodes of campylobacteriosis appeared to be imported from Southeast Asia and 3 were acquired nosocomially. One patient, who did not have any underlying disease, developed Campylobacter bacteremia. No Guillain-Barre syndrome was noted in our patients and none of our patients died due to campylobacteriosis. While both diseases had similar clinical manifestations, infections caused by C. coli seemed to be more severe than those caused by C. jejuni, as evidenced by a higher incidence of decreased activity and pus cells in the stool in patients infected with C. coli. Conclusion Even in patients with bacteremia or underlying disease, enteric campylobacteriosis usually runs a benign course regardless of treatment with antimicrobial agents in children in northern Taiwan.

Campylobacter enteritis in children in northern Taiwan--a 7-year experience.

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Campylobacter enteritis in children in northern Taiwan--a 7-year experience.