This article examines the potential and limitations of blockchain technology and blockchain-based smart contracts in relation to copyright. Copyright has long been enforced through technological means, specifically Digital Rights Management. With the emergence of blockchains, many are now predicting a new era regarding the administration and enforcement of copyright through computer code. The article introduces the technology and related potential and limitations while stressing its capacity to act as a form of normative ordering that can express public or private objectives.

/pdf/copyright-law-on-blockchains-between-new-forms-of-rights-37ccl4kop4.pdf

Copyright Law on Blockchains: Between New Forms of Rights Administration and Digital Rights Management 2.0

The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has been pivotal in the inception, design and later adoption of a vendor-agnostic and open framework for color management, the Academy Color Encoding System (ACES), targeting theatrical, TV and animation features, but also still-photography and image preservation at large. For this reason, the Academy gathered an interdisciplinary group of scientists, technologists, and creatives, to contribute to it so that it is scientifically sound and technically advantageous in solving practical and interoperability problems in the current film production, postproduction and visual-effects (VFX) ecosystem—all while preserving and future-proofing the cinematographers’ and artists’ creative intent as its main objective. In this paper, a review of ACES’ technical specifications is provided, as well as the current status of the project and a recent use case is given, namely that of the first Italian production embracing an end-to-end ACES pipeline. In addition, new ACES components will be introduced and a discussion started about possible uses for long-time preservation of color imaging in video-content heritage.

The Academy Color Encoding System (ACES): A Professional Color-Management Framework for Production, Post-Production and Archival of Still and Motion Pictures

The wisdom contents consists of an ordinary person's ideas and experience. The Wisdom Market [1] is an online business model where wisdom contents are traded. Thus, the general public could do business activities in the Wisdom Market at ease. As the wisdom contents are themselves the thought of persons, there exists many similar or duplicated contents. Existing copyright protection schemes mainly focus on the primary author's right. Thus, it's not appropriate for protecting the contents of Collective Intelligence that requires to protect the rights of collaborators. There should exist a new method to be dynamic capable of combining and deleting rights of select collaborators. In this study, we propose collective copyright authentication scheme suitable for the contents of Collective Intelligence. The proposed scheme consists of collective copyright registration, addition and verification protocols. It could be applied to various business models that require to combine multiple rights of similar contents or to represent multiple authorships on the same contents.

The Method of Digital Copyright Authentication for Contents of Collective Intelligence

The DRM(digital rights management) techniques have been rapidly developed to protect the digital media contents. The growth of smart device and cloud computing makes the environment in which various services can be provided anywhere and anytime, so the DRM technologies have to react to such changes. From this aspect, we previously proposed the architecture of DRM-as-a-Service that provides various functionalities of DRM as some services on the cloud environment, and we referred to it as the DRM Cloud. In this paper, we define a reference model of DRM Cloud to represent some DRM functions that are provided by the DRM Cloud, and several service scenarios are proposed on the DRM Cloud. Also we simulate the DRM Cloud on the testbed and then discuss some security issues and how to handle the interoperability in the DRM Cloud. We conclude that the DRM Cloud allows the content consumers to use many contents with various smart devices, also let the DRM developers and the content service providers reduce the costs of development and business.

DRM cloud framework to support heterogeneous digital rights management systems

Legal norms and social behaviours are some of the human aspects surrounding the effectiveness and future of DRM security. Further exploration of these aspects would help unravel the complexities of the interaction between rights protection security and law. Most importantly, understanding the perspectives behind the circumvention of content security may have a significant impact on DRM effectiveness and acceptance at the same time. While there has been valuable research on consumer acceptability (The INDICARE project, Bohle 2008, Akester 2009), there is hardly any work on the human perspective of content creators. Taking video games as a case study, this paper employs qualitative socio-legal analysis and an interdisciplinary approach to explore this particular aspect of content protection.

/pdf/human-aspects-in-digital-rights-management-the-perspective-2t9smjcrye.pdf

Human Aspects in Digital Rights Management: The Perspective of Content Developers

Content protection and digital rights management (DRM) are fields that receive a lot of attention: content owners require systems that protect and maximize their revenues; consumers want backwards compatibility, while they fear that content owners will spy on their viewing habits; and academics are afraid that DRM may be a barrier to knowledge sharing. DRM technologies have a poor reputation and are not yet trusted. This book describes the key aspects of content protection and DRM systems, the objective being to demystify the technology and techniques. In the first part of the book, the author builds the foundations, with sections that cover the rationale for protecting digital video content; video piracy; current toolboxes that employ cryptography, watermarking, tamper resistance, and rights expression languages; different ways to model video content protection; and DRM. In the second part, he describes the main existing deployed solutions, including video ecosystems; how video is protected in broadcasting; descriptions of DRM systems, such as Microsoft's DRM and Apples FairPlay; techniques for protecting prerecorded content distributed using DVDs or Blu-ray; and future methods used to protect content within the home network. The final part of the book looks towards future research topics, and the key problem of interoperability. While the book focuses on protecting video content, the DRM principles and technologies described are also used to protect many other types of content, such as ebooks, documents and games. The book will be of value to industrial researchers and engineers developing related technologies, academics and students in information security, cryptography and media systems, and engaged consumers.

Securing Digital Video: Techniques for DRM and Content Protection

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Securing Digital Video: Techniques for DRM and Content Protection