Hydrogen evolution technology by photocatalysts has shown broad prospects in solving the global energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. Cadmium sulfide (CdS) heterojunctions have been concerned as a promising photocatalyst...

Recent advances in CdS heterojunctions: morphology, synthesis, performances and prospects

An unconventional direct path for the chemoselective hydrogenation of nitroarenes over a metal-free catalyst

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) belong to a remarkable category of nanocarbon materials with unique properties because of their nanoscale dimensions. These nanocarbons have earned significant attention because of their exceptional properties and advantages, making them versatile in a wide range of applications. This chapter delves into the fundamental principles underlying CQDs, along with their synthetic procedures and outstanding characteristics. These fundamental characteristics empower precise tuning of their optical and electronic properties, setting the stage for their diverse applications. Their pho­to­lu­mi­nes­cence—combined with their biocompatibility, water solubility, and various surface functional groups—position CQDs as crucial components in the fields of nanotechnology, materials science, and medicine. As a result, this chapter highlights the broad spectrum of applications where CQDs have made significant contributions in the 21st century. 

Carbon Quantum Dots: Basics, Properties, and Fundamentals

Synthesis of N, S co- doped carbon quantum dots (N,S-CQDs) for sensitive and selective determination of Mercury (Hg2+) in Oreochromis niloctus (Tilapia fish)

Wastewater from the printing and dyeing industry is an area of growing concern. Photocatalysts synthesized using polyaniline (PANI) and certain metal oxides have been increasingly used for the purp...

Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic performance of a ternary composite catalyst α-SiW11Cr/PANI/ZnO

A novel two-dimensional α-Fe2O3/sulfur-doped polyimide (FO/SPI) direct Z-scheme photocatalyst was successfully constructed by a facile thermal treatment method. The effects of α-Fe2O3 nanosheets on the morphology, chemical structure, and photoelectronic properties of FO/SPI composites were systematically characterized by different spectroscopic means. These methods include X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transient fluorescence spectra, and so forth. It was confirmed that the small amounts of α-Fe2O3 can availably facilitate exfoliation of bulk SPI, resulting in a transformation of SPI from bulk to 2D layered composite that illustrates tight interface through the coordination Fe–N bond and an all-solid-state direct Z-scheme junction. Thus, the transfer and separation efficiency of photogenerated electron/hole pairs were significantly enhanced, which greatly promoted improvement of the photocatalytic activity of the FO/SPI composite for methyl orange degradation under solar light. This work provides a new approach to constructing efficient inorganic–organic Z-scheme photocatalyst based on strong interface interaction.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.2c00476

Construction of α-Fe2O3/Sulfur-Doped Polyimide Direct Z-Scheme Photocatalyst with Enhanced Solar Light Photocatalytic Activity

A novel two-dimensional graphene oxide/sulfur-doped polyimide (GO/SPI) hybrid polymer photocatalyst was synthesized by a facile ultrasonic chemical method. The characterization results showed that the skeleton structure of SPI was not changed when the few layers of GO were wrapped on the surface. Due to the excellent charge transport characteristics of GO and the strong π–π stacking interaction between two-dimensional GO and SPI, the photogenerated carrier transport capability of the GO/SPI composites was significantly enhanced compared with that of SPI. The efficient transmission and separation of photogenerated charge carriers significantly improve the photocatalytic degradation of the methyl orange activity of the GO/SPI composite. This work provides a facile and new way for the synthesis of metal-free inorganic–organic composite photocatalysts with high efficiency and low cost.

Nanoarchitecture of a Two-Dimensional Few-Layer Graphene Oxide/π-Conjugated Polyimide Composite for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance

In this study, a series of highly crystalline π-conjugated polyimide photocatalysts with porous nano hollow shell (HSPI) was prepared for the first time by the hard template method by adjusting the addition ratio of the template precursor. SiO2 nanospheres not only serve as template agents but also as dispersants to make precursors of SPI more uniform, and the degree of polymerization will be better, resulting in significantly enhanced crystallinity of HSPI relative to bulk SPI (BSPI). More strikingly, it is found that HSPI has a larger specific surface area, stronger visible light absorption, and higher separation efficiency of photogenerated electron and hole pairs compared with BSPI by various spectral means characterization analysis. These favorable factors significantly enhanced the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) by HSPI. This work provides a promising approach for the preparation of cheap, efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable photocatalysts.

/pdf/controllable-preparation-of-highly-crystalline-sulfur-doped-wgpx4ezp.pdf

Controllable Preparation of Highly Crystalline Sulfur-Doped Π-Conjugated Polyimide Hollow Nanoshell for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance

In this study, a novel direct Z-scheme SnS2 quantum dots/sulfur-doped polyimide (SQDs/SPI) photocatalyst was firstly fabricated by an in situ crystallization growth of SnS2 quantum dots on sulfur-doped polyimide through a facile hydrothermal method. The photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of 5SQDs/SPI samples reached 3526 μmoL g−1 in the coexistence of triethanolamine and methanol used as hole sacrificial agents, which is about 13 times higher than that of SPI under the same conditions and 42 times higher than that of SPI only as a hole sacrificial agent. The improvement can be related to the direct Z-scheme charge transfer in the tight interface between SQDs and SPI, which promoted rapid separation and significantly prolonged the lifetime of photoexcited carriers. The Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism was proposed. This discovery comes up with a new strategy for the development of an efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable sulfide quantum dots/polymer non-noble metal photocatalyst.

/pdf/construction-of-direct-z-scheme-sns2-quantum-dots-conjugated-2ub95on2.pdf

Construction of Direct Z−Scheme SnS2 Quantum Dots/Conjugated Polyimide with Superior Photocarrier Separation for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances

Micro/nano-structural polyaniline were prepared by using thin glass tubes as template in the presence of α-SiW11Co and ammonium persulfate, which were used as dopant and oxidant, respectively, in this study. The structure and morphology of Micro/nano-structural polyaniline were characterized by means of IR, UV-Vis spectrum, XRD pattern and SEM images. The conductivity and fluorescence property were determined, and thermal stability was studied. The experimental results showed that the conductivity of the materials was 0.86 S·cm-1 at room temperature（20°C）. The images of scanning electron microscopy show that the materials have microspheres morphology. The spectra data indicate that polyaniline doped with α-SiW11Co exhibits fluorescence property. The photocatalytic degradation of gentian violet on α-SiW11Co/PANI in an aqueous solution was carried out to investigate the catalytic activity. The results indicated that the sensitizing effect of PANI can improve the light response of α-SiW11Co and enhance the separation efficiency of electron and hole pairs which in turn promotes the photocatalytic ability of the composites materials. This novel photocatalyst exhibits very high photocatalytic activities to decompose gentian violet in aqueous system under 30W ultraviolet light irradiation. After extraction, the photocatalytic activity under UV irradiation and gentian violet degraded by 90.41% within 150 min.

Preparation and Properties of Micro/Nanostructural Polyaniline Doped with α-SiW11Co

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