Ein 4 Tage altes, weibliches Holstein-Friesian-Kalb wurde zur Abklarung von Zyanose und Dyspnoe vorgestellt. Auskultatorisch bestanden ein deutlich verscharftes bronchovesikulares Atemgerausch und ein Herzgerausch Grad IV/VI uber der Trikuspidalklappe. Bei der Echokardiographie zeigte sich eine Dextroposition der Aorta im Sinne eines Double Outlet Right Ventricle (> 50% entspringen aus dem rechten Ventrikel). Es lagen zwei grose ventrikulare Septumdefekte und ein Aneurysma-ahnlicher Atriumseptumdefekt vor. Der erste Ventrikelseptumdefekt befand sich im perimembranosen, subpulmonalen Anteil und fuhrte zu einem Ubertritt von sauerstoffarmem Blut in die Aorta. Der andere lag entfernt im muskularen Anteil des Septums. Zudem konnte ein groser persistierender Ductus arteriosus dargestellt werden. Die Pulmonalarterie war hochgradig erweitert ohne Vorliegen einer Stenose. Die Befunde liesen sich mittels Angiographie verifizieren. Hierbei fiel zusatzlich auf, dass die Aorta ascendens bis zum Abgang des persistierenden Ductus arteriosus diffus hypoplastisch war. In der anschliesenden pathologischen Untersuchung konnten die Befunde bestatigt werden.

Zyanose bei einem Kalb mit einem Double Outlet Right Ventricle

Congenital heart disease is an important subset of all cardiovascular disease in dogs and cats that is present at birth and most often detected in young animals but can be diagnosed in adulthood. The range of abnormalities that can occur during development of the heart is vast incorporating simple and complex defects, varying degrees of severity and clinical presentations that include heart failure and cyanosis. While some defects do not result in morbidity in an individual animal, others cause severe clinical signs and death at a young age. Advances in imaging and expanding treatment options offer increasingly more possibilities in the diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease which is the focus of this review. The objective is to provide a broad overview of current practice and highlight key aspects to guide practitioners in their approach to congenital heart disease diagnosis and knowledge of available treatment options.

Key considerations in the approach to congenital heart disease in dogs and cats.

Palliative balloon dilation of pulmonic stenosis in a dog with tetralogy of Fallot.

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Palliative balloon dilation of pulmonic stenosis in a dog with tetralogy of Fallot.