Liquid lubricants are extremely viable in reducing wear damage and friction of mating components. However, due to the relentless pressure and the recent trend towards higher operating environments in advanced automotive and aerospace turbo-machineries, these lubricants cease to perform and hence, an alternate system is required for maintaining the self-lubricating environment. From the viewpoint of tribologist, wear is related to near-surface regions and hence, surface coatings are considered suitable for improving the functioning of tribo-pairs. Wear resistant coatings can be fabricated with the addition of various solid lubricants so as to reduce friction drag. In order to protect bulk substrates, self-lubricating wear resistant composite coatings have been fabricated by employing various surface coating techniques such as electrochemical process, physical and chemical vapor depositions, thermal and plasma spraying, laser cladding etc. Studies related to laser-based surface engineering approaches have remained vibrant and are recognized in altering the near surface regions. In this work, the latest developments in laser based self-lubricating composite coatings are highlighted. Furthermore, the effect of additives, laser processing parameters and their corresponding influence on mechanical and tribological performance is briefly reviewed.

A Review to the Laser Cladding of Self-Lubricating Composite Coatings

A dispersion-strengthened material is described which comprises aluminium or aluminium alloy containing a substantially uniform dispersion of ceramic particles to confer dispersion strengthening which is inherently stable at high working temperatures, the ceramic particles having a diameter of less than 400 nm, and preferably in the range 10 nm to 100 nm. Suitable ceramic dispersoids include Al2O3, TiO2, Al3C4, ZrO2, Si3N4, SiC, SiO2.

Dispersion-strengthened aluminium alloy

A method of uniformly dispersing a nano powder throughout a micron powder. Ordinary mixing or agitation does not succeed in attaining uniform dispersal: the nano powder agglomerates into microscopic masses. In one form of the invention, a charge of a micron powder, with fifty weight percent of charge of nanopowder is loaded into a ball mill. The mixture is ball milled for less than two hours, at room temperature in a dry condition, and produces a highly uniform distribution of the nano powder throughout the micron powder.

Method of producing uniform blends of nano and micron powders

An improved sintered material and product. A nanometer size reinforcement powder is mixed with a micron size titanium or titanium alloy powder. After the reinforcement powder is generally uniformly dispersed, the powder mixture is compacted and sintered, causing the nano reinforcement to react with the titanium or titanium alloy, producing a composite material containing nano and micron size precipitates that are uniformly distributed throughout the material.

Micron size powders having nano size reinforcement

A copper-base sliding material comprising a matrix made from sintered copper or alloy thereof and, dispersed therein, particles of A1N, Al2O3, NiB, Fe2B, SiC, TiC, WC, Si3N4, Fe3P, Fe2P and/or Fe3B, wherein the particles are dispersed after being regulated with respect to the hardness and quantity in such a manner that the weight percentage and average diameter of medium-hardness particles with Hv500 to 1000 are greater than those of higher-hardness particles with Hv1100 or above in order that the slipperiness and the machinability are both satisfactory.

Copper-base sintered sliding material excellent in slipperiness and machinability

In the metallic member of the invention, ceramic super fine particles, and solid lubricant particles or short size fibers are dispersed, and the grain size of the ceramic particles is smaller than the solid lubricant particle size of fiber diameter.

Ceramic-particle-dispersed metallic member, manufacturing method of same and use of same

PURPOSE: To provide lubricity equivalent to or higher than a slide material for a conventional pantograph and to improve wear resistance under the sliding condition of a conducting state and at the abnormal conduction by forming it of copper or iron sintered alloy in which ceramic ultra-fine particles and solid lubricating material particles or solid lubricating material short fiber are dispersed. CONSTITUTION: Oxide dispersion strengthened alloy current collecting sliding material is formed of copper or iron sintered alloy in which ceramic ultra-fine particles and solid lubricating material particles or solid lubricating material short fiber are dispersed. The sliding material is used as the slider 1 of a pantograph having the slider 1, a shoe 2 and a horn 3. The ceramic ultra-fine particles have mean particle size of 200nm or less, and 500 pieces/μm or more are dispersed over the entire area of the sliding material. The mean particle size of the solid lubricating particles or the solid lubricating short fiber is 0.25-10μm. The alloy with the copper or iron contains Sn, Bi, Cr, Mn, Nb, etc.

Oxide dispersion strengthened alloy current collector slide material and manufacture thereof

PURPOSE:To produce the ceramic particle-dispersed metallic member having excellent strength, wear resistance, thermal conductivity, etc., by dispersing ceramic superfine particles having the diameters smaller than the diameters of solid lubricant particles or short fibers together with these solid lubricant particles or short fibers into a metallic member. CONSTITUTION:The ceramic superfine particles and the solid lubricant particles or solid lubricant short fibers are dispersed into the base metal, such a copper, aluminum or iron and these ceramic superfine particles are formed to the average grain sizes smaller than the average grain sizes of the short fibers, by which the ceramic particle-dispersed metallic member having various excellent characteristics is obtd. The ceramic superfine particles are preferably dispersed in the entire region at =500 pieces/mum . The average grain sizes or diameters of the ceramic superfine particles are preferably 0.25 to 10mum. The ceramic particle-dispersed metallic member is obtd. by mixing the powders of the metals, ceramics and solid lubricants in a ball mill and pressurizing and sintering the resulted ceramic particle-dispersed metallic powder.

Ceramic particle-dispersed metallic member and its production and application therefor

Mit keramischen Partikeln dispergiertes Metallbauteil, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und dessen Anwendungen

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Ceramic-particle-dispersed metallic member, manufacturing method of same and use of same

Oxide dispersion strengthened alloy current collector slide material and manufacture thereof

Ceramic particle-dispersed metallic member and its production and application therefor

Mit keramischen Partikeln dispergiertes Metallbauteil, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und dessen Anwendungen