Dynamic behaviour of mining-induced fault slip

Technical challenges have always been part of underground mining activities, however, some of these challenges grow in complexity as mining occurs in deeper and deeper settings. One such challenge is rock mass stability and the risk of rockburst events. To overcome these challenges, and to limit the risks and impacts of events such as rockbursts, advanced solutions must be developed and best practices implemented. Rockbursts are common in underground mines and substantially threaten the safety of personnel and equipment, and can cause major disruptions in mine development and operations. Rockbursts consist of violent wall rock failures associated with high energy rock projections in response to the instantaneous stress release in rock mass under high strain conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a good understanding of the conditions and mechanisms leading to a rockburst, and to improve risk assessment methods. The capacity to properly estimate the risks of rockburst occurrence is essential in underground operations. However, a limited number of studies have examined and compared yet different empirical methods of rockburst. The current understanding of this important hazard in the mining industry is summarized in this paper to provide the necessary perspective or tools to best assess the risks of rockburst occurrence in deep mines. The various classifications of rockbursts and their mechanisms are discussed. The paper also reviews the current empirical methods of rockburst prediction, which are mostly dependent on geomechanical parameters of the rock such as uniaxial compressive strength of the rock, as well as its tensile strength and elasticity modulus. At the end of this paper, some current achievements and limitations of empirical methods are discussed.

Rockburst in underground excavations: A review of mechanism, classification, and prediction methods

https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/34640/dot_34640_DS1.pdf

Guidelines for Constructing Natural Gas and Liquid Hydrocarbon Pipelines Through Areas Prone to Landslide and Subsidence Hazards

Two and three dimensional analysis of a slope failure in a lignite mine

The technical challenges associated with deep underground space activities have become increasingly significant. Among these challenges, one major concern is the assessment of rockburst risks and the instability of rock masses. Extensive research has been conducted by numerous scholars to mitigate the risks and prevent occurrences of rockburst through various assessment methods. Rockburst incidents commonly occur during the excavation of hard rock in underground environments, posing severe threats to personnel safety, equipment integrity, and operational continuity. Thus, it is crucial to systematically document real cases of rockburst, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms and triggering conditions. This understanding will contribute to the advancement of rockburst prediction and prevention methods. Proper selection of an appropriate rockburst assessment method is a fundamental aspect in underground operations. However, there is a limited number of studies that summarize and compare different prediction and prevention methods of rockburst. This paper aims to address this gap by analyzing global trends using CiteSpace software since 1990. It discusses rockburst classification and characteristics, comprehensively reviews research findings related to rockburst prediction, including empirical, simulation, mathematical modeling, and microseismic monitoring methods. Additionally, the paper presents a compilation of current rockburst prevention measures. Notably, the paper emphasizes the significance of control strategies, which provide key insights into the effective utilization of stored energy within rock. Finally, the paper concludes by suggesting six directions for implementing intelligent management techniques to mitigate hazards during underground operations and reduce the probability of rockburst incidents. 

Rockburst prediction and prevention in underground space excavation

This paper deals with the slope stability engineering. Due to the rapid development of computing efficiency, several numerical methods are gaining increasing popularity in slope stability analysis. The most popular numerical method of slope stability estimation is shear strength reduction technique (SSR). The factor of safety (FS) for slope may be computed by reducing shear strength of soil (or rock) in stages, until the slope fails. Application of SSR for complex geology slopes is usually restricted to the weakest “link” estimation – part of slope with the lowest FS. Finite Difference Method code FLAC (FLAC, 2000) gives the opportunity to analyse several slip surfaces by using modified SSR technique (MSSR). The method is based on reducing shear properties of soils after identification of first slip surface. MSSR allows performing complete estimation of stability for any type of slope.

Slope stability analysis with modified shear strength reduction technique

Estimation of rockburst hazard basing on 3D stress field analysis.

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Slope stability analysis with modified shear strength reduction technique

Estimation of rockburst hazard basing on 3D stress field analysis.