A review of the biological information published after 1980 is provided for three species of the genus Amaranthus: A. retroflexus L., A. powellii S. Watson and A. hybridus L. The three species are ...

The biology of Canadian weeds. 130. Amaranthus retroflexus L., A. powellii S. Watson and A. hybridus L.

Yellow toadflax, Linaria vulgaris Mill. (Scrophulariaceae), is a weed of rangelands and agricultural crops. Introduced from Eurasia into North America more than 300 yr ago, it is now naturalized in all provinces and territories up to 60° northern latitude and beyond 2000 m altitude. It became a concern in the middle of this century when it invaded the prairies. Its seriousness as a weed declined in the late 1950s, possibly as a result of biological control. Concern has been renewed recently because the adoption of minimum tillage techniques could lead to greater abundance. Reproduction is vigourous by means of adventitious root buds and by high seed production. Growth forms, vegetative reproduction, flower phenology, and germination are variable. The capability for regrowth from root parts makes L. vulgaris a difficult weed to eradicate and limits the efficacy of cultural control methods. The possibilities for chemical control are limited due to resistance to common herbicides. Biological control projects...

The biology of Canadian weeds. 105. Linaria vulgaris Mill.

Brassica napus and B. rapa are native to Eurasia. In Canada, these species are commonly referred to as volunteer canola, while feral populations of B. rapa are referred to as birdrape. Brassica napus and B. rapa have been grown commercially for their seed oil content in western Canada since the middle of the last century and volunteer populations are common in fields. Escaped populations of both species are also found along roadways, railways and in waste areas; however, only B. rapa is known to have naturalized, self-sustaining feral populations in these habitats in eastern Canada. Despite these escaped and feral populations, B. napus and B. rapa are mainly a concern in agricultural fields where their combined relative abundance has increased over the past few decades. In the mid 1990s, herbicide-resistant genotypes of B. napus were released for commercial production. Herbicide-resistance and the stacking of genes in volunteer populations conferring resistance to multiple herbicides have contributed to i...

The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 137. Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L

A review of biological information is provided for three species of the genus Amaranthus: A. albus L., A. blitoides S. Watson and A. blitum L. The last species has been revised taxonomically and a ...

/pdf/the-biology-of-canadian-weeds-126-amaranthus-albus-l-a-4w4pyxtc52.pdf

The biology of Canadian weeds. 126. Amaranthus albus L., A. blitoides S. Watson and A. blitum L.

Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. (Asteraceae), known as ox-eye daisy, is a familiar perennial herb with white ray florets and yellow disc florets. It commonly inhabits roadside ver ges, pastures and old fields from Newfoundland to British Columbia, and also as far north as the Yukon Territory. Introduced from Europe, L. vulgare was well established in North America by 1800. The Canadian distribution of L. vulgare has expanded in many areas recently, particularly in western Canada. It can form dense populations that may reduce diversity of natural vegetation or pasture quality, and also serves as a host and reservoir for several species of polyphagous gall-forming Meloidogyne nematodes that feed on crops. It is considered a noxious weed under provincial legislation in Quebec, Manitoba, Alberta and British Columbia, as well as under the Canada Seeds Act. Control efforts are sometimes complicated by difficulties in distinguishing ox-eye daisy from some forms of the commercially available Shasta daisy ( L. × superbum).

The biology of Canadian weeds. 128. Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.

En 1986 et 1987, un inventaire des mauvaises herbes a ete effectue dans 187 champs de cereales de printemps au Nouveau-Brunswick. Au total, 76 especes ont ete identifiees, 40 d'entre elles etant considerees comme importantes sur le plan agronomique. Environ 50% des especes etaient vivaces. L'ortie royale (Galeopsis tetrahit), le chiendent (Agropyron repens), la petite oseille (Rumex acetosella), la marguerite blanche (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum), la spargoute des champs (Spergula arvensis) et la stellaire moyenne (Stellaria media) avaient les plus hautes valeurs d'abondance relative. Le chiendent et l'ortie royale avaient les plus fortes densites a 8,0 et 7,1 plantes m-2, respectivement. La densite de mauvaises herbes la plus elevee (103 plantes m-2) a ete observee chez l'avoine (Avena sativa) cultivee a la suite de plantes fourrageres. La plus faible densite a ete detectee chez le ble (Triticum aestivum) suite a une culture de pomme de terre (Solanum tuberosum). La plupart des especes abondantes etaient tolerantes au MCPA, l'herbicide le plus frequemment utilise. Les agriculteurs pourraient lutter plus efficacement contre les mauvaises herbes dans les cereales en choisissant un herbitolerantes au MCPA ou au 2,4-D, et a en pre-plantation ou en post-recolte ses herbes vivaces.

https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/phyto/1994-v75-n3-phyto3354/706058ar.pdf

Weed survey of spring cereals in New Brunswick

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Weed survey of spring cereals in New Brunswick