Solutions to hydro dynamically developing flow in circular and non-circular ducts are examined. It is shown that the apparent friction factor based upon the square root of the crosssectional area is a weak function of the shape of the geometry provided an appropriate aspect ratio is defined. A general model which is valid for many duct configurations is developed by combining the developing flow and fully developed flow asymptotes. The new model is simpler than other general models and provides equal or better accuracy. Finally, it is shown that the solution for the elliptic duct geometry may be used to compute accurately, results for 8 singly-connected ducts and 2 doubly-connected ducts, respectively, with an accuracy of ±12 percent.

Modeling friction factors in non-circular ducts for developing laminar flow

Effects of variable viscosity and viscous dissipation on laminar convection heat transfer of a power law fluid in the entrance region of a semi-circular duct

Solutions to hydro dynamically developing flow in circular and non-circular ducts are examined. It is shown that the apparent friction factor based upon the square root of the crosssectional area is a weak function of the shape of the geometry provided an appropriate aspect ratio is defined. A general model which is valid for many duct configurations is developed by combining the developing flow and fully developed flow asymptotes. The new model is simpler than other general models and provides equal or better accuracy. Finally, it is shown that the solution for the elliptic duct geometry may be used to compute accurately, results for 8 singly-connected ducts and 2 doubly-connected ducts, respectively, with an accuracy of ±12 percent. NOMENCLATURE A = flow area, m2 a = major axis of ellipse or rectangle, m b = minor axis of ellipse or rectangle; m C = empirical constant Eq. (15) c = linear dimension, m

Modeling Friction Factors in Non-Circular Ducts for Developing Laminar Flow

Laminar forced convection in power-law and Bingham plastic fluids in ducts of semi-circular and other cross-sections

ii Dedication iv Acknowledgments v Vita vii List of Tables xiii List of Figures xiv Chapter 1 : Introduction 1 1.1 Motivation 1 1.2 Intermediate Heat Exchanger 3 1.3 Research Objectives 5 1.4 Previous Work 7 1.5 Dissertation Organization 11 References for Chapter 1 13 Chapter 2 : High-Temperature Helium Test Facility and Printed Circuit Heat Exchangers 15

Design, Fabrication, Performance Testing, and Modeling of Diffusion Bonded Compact Heat Exchangers in a High-Temperature Helium Test Facility

Laminar Flow in the Entrance Region of Circular Sector Ducts

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Laminar Flow in the Entrance Region of Circular Sector Ducts