TL;DR: The authors show that a large share of the increase in work by single mothers can be attributed to the EITC and other tax changes, with smaller shares for welfare benet cuts, welfare waivers, training programs and child care programs.
Abstract: During 1984 -1996, welfare and tax policy were changed to encourage work by single mothers. The Earned Income Tax Credit was expanded, welfare benets were cut, welfare time limits were added, and welfare cases were terminated. Medicaid for the working poor was expanded, as were training programs and child care. During this same time period there were unprecedented increases in the employment and hours of single mothers. We show that a large share of the increase in work by single mothers can be attributed to the EITC and other tax changes, with smaller shares for welfare benet cuts, welfare waivers, training programs and child care programs.
TL;DR: The authors of the classic Regulating The Poor assess the successes and failures of these two strategies as they examine, in this provocative study, four protest movements of lower-class groups in 20th century America: -- the mobilization of the unemployed during the Great Depression that gave rise to the Workers' Alliance of America -- industrial strikes that resulted in the formation of the CIO -- The Southern Civil Rights Movement -- The movement of welfare recipients led by the National Welfare Rights Organization.
Abstract: "Have the poor fared best by participating in conventional electoral politics or by engaging in mass defiance and disruption? The authors of the classic Regulating The Poor assess the successes and failures of these two strategies as they examine, in this provocative study, four protest movements of lower-class groups in 20th century America: -- The mobilization of the unemployed during the Great Depression that gave rise to the Workers' Alliance of America -- The industrial strikes that resulted in the formation of the CIO -- The Southern Civil Rights Movement -- The movement of welfare recipients led by the National Welfare Rights Organization."
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the lives of those who, pushed out of the agrarian labour market, depend on casual work and argue that their identity is shaped by both class and caste relations and nothing of significance has been achieved to improve their quality of life.
Abstract: In a penetrating anthropological study of the working poor in India, Jan Breman examines the lives of those who, pushed out of the agrarian labour market, depend on casual work. Beginning his local-level research in two villages in south Gujarat, the author discusses the mobilisation of casual labour, which is hired and fired according to the need of the moment, and transferred for the duration of the job to destinations far away from the home area. His case-study reveals that the circulation of labour is indicative of an employment pattern which dominates both the rural and urban economy of large parts of South Asia. Elaborating on the social profile of the work migrants, the author argues that their identity is shaped by both class and caste relations and, despite action by state agencies, nothing of significance has been achieved to improve their quality of life.
TL;DR: In this paper, the concept of credit amoral because of its commonly negative effects that are often unforeseen by borrowers is discussed, and whether or not wealthy districts should transfer money to low-income districts to provide equitable resources for schools.
Abstract: 6. Property taxes are collected across the Municipality of Anchorage and determine resources for schools in the various districts. Should wealthy districts transfer money to low-income districts to provide equitable resources for schools? Why or why not? How does your answer reflect your values? 7. Is the concept of credit amoral because of its commonly negative effects that are often unforeseen by borrowers?